The thesis describes the social and political effects of the transformation of the Dukeries district of Nottinghamshire, where seven new coal mines were sunk between 1918 and 1928. The coal companies responsible for developing the Dukeries field constructed new colliery villages 'at the pit gates' as part of their investment. The thesis deals with the history and characteristics of these townships, planned, built and owned by a single authority. Like other new communities, they suffered 'teething troubles'. It proved difficult to engender a unified community spirit as miners and their families migrated from older coalfields throughout Britain during the early years of high labour turnover. Relationships were strained between the miners and the existing residents of the Dukeries, although the aristocrats whose landed estates gave the district its name came reluctantly to favour mining because of the royalties they obtained therefrom. The first years of the new coinmuniti j:.es were beset by difficulties affecting the provision of facilities for education, religion, shopping, female employment and leisure. But the thesis does not just analyse the problems accompanying industrialisation. The power of the employers in the communities they had created produced much characteristic of company towns. Political representation and control was retained by the colliery companies and the old leaders of Dukeries society, while the Labour Party was not founded until the 194Os. The 'non-political' Spencer Union, a Nottinghamshire phenomenon, monopolised trade unionism in the new pits. Minor regulations were enforced in the villages by uniformed company policemen. As 'benevolent paternalists', the companies sponsored stores, sport, recreation and even religion. The notion of the orderly 'model' village was encouraged as a means of disciplining the workforce. The predominant characteristics of the colliery villages did not disappear until the 194Os, when the war followed by nationalisation destroyed the power of the private owners.

There are numerous histories of the Victorian goldfields, individual digger�s experiences, and the digging community as a whole. By contrast, very little has been written about the early gold mining companies. This thesis seeks to address this dearth in part, with a longitudinal study of one of the leading gold mining companies in nineteenth-century Victoria. The Port Phillip and Colonial Gold Mining Company (�Port Phillip Company�) was one of many �gold bubble� companies formed in England during 1851-3 to undertake gold mining in Australia. Within a few years it was the only survivor of this episode of British corporate gold-fever. The thesis argues that the influence of Rivett Henry Bland, the company�s managing director, was instrumental in its success, particularly in its early years when faced with anti-company sentiment and unfavourable mining legislation. The company established a large-scale operation at Clunes in 1857, rapidly assuming a pre-eminent position in colonial gold mining with its superior technology and mining practices. Historians generally portray Australian gold mining operations as small, locally funded and inefficient, prior to British capital investment in the late 1880s. While true of the larger picture, this simply emphasises the uniqueness of the British-owned and funded Port Phillip Company, the largest and most efficient gold mining operation in Australia from 1857 until the early 1880s. The company and its investment offshoot, the Victoria (London) Mining Company, invested in over thirty Victorian gold mining companies during the 1860s. Again, this runs counter to the general view that British investment in Australian gold mining began only in the late 1880s. Although the two companies� investments equalled only a fraction of the later wave of British capital in absolute monetary terms, their contribution to the growth of the Victorian gold mining industry at the time was significant.

No description available.

Durante o governo provisório e constitucional de Getúlio Vargas ocorreu a criação do aparato sindicalista corporativista no Brasil. A partir dessa conjuntura, o presente estudo analisa as condições que possibilitaram as estratégias de resistência dos mineiros de carvão do então município de São Jerônimo, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul durante a década de 1930, contra a extrema exploração e opressão a que estavam submetidos através do desgastante e perigoso trabalho nos subsolos e da arquitetura mina-com-vila-operária. Nesse cenário da pesquisa, traça-se uma continuidade entre as condições de vida e trabalho, cultura e identidade de classe, inteligência própria, resistência individual, coletiva e organizada para compreender a eclosão de greves entre os anos de 1933 e 1935. Esses conflitos entre as Companhias extrativistas e os mineiros na arena jurídica e na pressão direta através da paralização da produção, auxiliam a entender muitos aspectos dessa comunidade encravada na região do Baixo Jacuí. A análise contempla, também, as condições peculiares da categoria mineira, os processos trabalhistas individuais, a refundação de entidades classistas como a FORGS e os sindicatos mineiros e as greves. Todos esses aspectos compõem experiências importantes para compreender a luta desses trabalhadores por direitos. / While President Getúlio Vargas was under his provisional and constitutional command, there was the execution of the so called union and corporatist labor machine in Brazil. From this conjuncture, the present study analyses the conditions that brought the resistance strategies of the coal miners in the so called town São Jerônimo, situated in Rio Grande do Sul State, during the 30’s, against the extreme exploration and oppression that labors were submitted to through the dangerous and irksome work in the underground mine and architecture-with-village-working. Under the prospect of the research, a guide continuity is traced between the living and working conditions, culture and class identity, own intelligence section, individual, collective and organized resistance to understand the outbreak of strikes between the years 1933 and 1935. These conflicts between the Extractive companies and miners in the legal field and the direct pressure through the break of production help to understand many aspects of this community nestled in the Lower Jacuí region. The analysis also includes the peculiar conditions of the mining category, individual lawsuits, the refounding of class entities as FORGS and miners unions and strikes. All these aspects make up significant experiments to understand the struggle for rights of these workers.

Durante o governo provisório e constitucional de Getúlio Vargas ocorreu a criação do aparato sindicalista corporativista no Brasil. A partir dessa conjuntura, o presente estudo analisa as condições que possibilitaram as estratégias de resistência dos mineiros de carvão do então município de São Jerônimo, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul durante a década de 1930, contra a extrema exploração e opressão a que estavam submetidos através do desgastante e perigoso trabalho nos subsolos e da arquitetura mina-com-vila-operária. Nesse cenário da pesquisa, traça-se uma continuidade entre as condições de vida e trabalho, cultura e identidade de classe, inteligência própria, resistência individual, coletiva e organizada para compreender a eclosão de greves entre os anos de 1933 e 1935. Esses conflitos entre as Companhias extrativistas e os mineiros na arena jurídica e na pressão direta através da paralização da produção, auxiliam a entender muitos aspectos dessa comunidade encravada na região do Baixo Jacuí. A análise contempla, também, as condições peculiares da categoria mineira, os processos trabalhistas individuais, a refundação de entidades classistas como a FORGS e os sindicatos mineiros e as greves. Todos esses aspectos compõem experiências importantes para compreender a luta desses trabalhadores por direitos. / While President Getúlio Vargas was under his provisional and constitutional command, there was the execution of the so called union and corporatist labor machine in Brazil. From this conjuncture, the present study analyses the conditions that brought the resistance strategies of the coal miners in the so called town São Jerônimo, situated in Rio Grande do Sul State, during the 30’s, against the extreme exploration and oppression that labors were submitted to through the dangerous and irksome work in the underground mine and architecture-with-village-working. Under the prospect of the research, a guide continuity is traced between the living and working conditions, culture and class identity, own intelligence section, individual, collective and organized resistance to understand the outbreak of strikes between the years 1933 and 1935. These conflicts between the Extractive companies and miners in the legal field and the direct pressure through the break of production help to understand many aspects of this community nestled in the Lower Jacuí region. The analysis also includes the peculiar conditions of the mining category, individual lawsuits, the refounding of class entities as FORGS and miners unions and strikes. All these aspects make up significant experiments to understand the struggle for rights of these workers.

Durante o governo provisório e constitucional de Getúlio Vargas ocorreu a criação do aparato sindicalista corporativista no Brasil. A partir dessa conjuntura, o presente estudo analisa as condições que possibilitaram as estratégias de resistência dos mineiros de carvão do então município de São Jerônimo, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul durante a década de 1930, contra a extrema exploração e opressão a que estavam submetidos através do desgastante e perigoso trabalho nos subsolos e da arquitetura mina-com-vila-operária. Nesse cenário da pesquisa, traça-se uma continuidade entre as condições de vida e trabalho, cultura e identidade de classe, inteligência própria, resistência individual, coletiva e organizada para compreender a eclosão de greves entre os anos de 1933 e 1935. Esses conflitos entre as Companhias extrativistas e os mineiros na arena jurídica e na pressão direta através da paralização da produção, auxiliam a entender muitos aspectos dessa comunidade encravada na região do Baixo Jacuí. A análise contempla, também, as condições peculiares da categoria mineira, os processos trabalhistas individuais, a refundação de entidades classistas como a FORGS e os sindicatos mineiros e as greves. Todos esses aspectos compõem experiências importantes para compreender a luta desses trabalhadores por direitos. / While President Getúlio Vargas was under his provisional and constitutional command, there was the execution of the so called union and corporatist labor machine in Brazil. From this conjuncture, the present study analyses the conditions that brought the resistance strategies of the coal miners in the so called town São Jerônimo, situated in Rio Grande do Sul State, during the 30’s, against the extreme exploration and oppression that labors were submitted to through the dangerous and irksome work in the underground mine and architecture-with-village-working. Under the prospect of the research, a guide continuity is traced between the living and working conditions, culture and class identity, own intelligence section, individual, collective and organized resistance to understand the outbreak of strikes between the years 1933 and 1935. These conflicts between the Extractive companies and miners in the legal field and the direct pressure through the break of production help to understand many aspects of this community nestled in the Lower Jacuí region. The analysis also includes the peculiar conditions of the mining category, individual lawsuits, the refounding of class entities as FORGS and miners unions and strikes. All these aspects make up significant experiments to understand the struggle for rights of these workers.

This master's thesis deals with the Great Strike in the city of Most and its depiction in two state and one regional periodicals, namely Rudé právo, Lidové noviny and Brüxer Zeitung. The Great Strike was a significant display of miners' discontent, which went beyond the region's borders and influenced everyday life in the whole country. The extent and consequences of this protest action were unique at that time. My objective was to find out what depiction there is in the then periodicals. The thesis contains a brief historical insight into economic crisis and media situation in Czechoslovakia at the end of the 20th century. In the fist section, there are described economic aspects which induced problems not only in mining but in the whole economy. The activities of trade unions in the First Czechoslovak republic are also included. The second section describes in detail the development of the Great Strike, including events preceeding it. The third section is dedicated to the region of Most and its particularities in the industrial and social fields. The fourth section is focused on methodology and establishment of research questions. The practical part analyses individual articles. The analysis comprises the events of the Great Strike from the perspective of each and every periodical. Attention is...

Two of the primary occupational health threats to employees in the mining industry are noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and occupational lung diseases (OLD) with Tuberculosis (TB) included in the latter. The objective of this study was to investigate the hearing profile of a group of gold miners with and without TB to determine the effect of TB and its associated risk profile on hearing. Workers in AngloGold Ashanti mine in South Africa were recruited due to the fact that they present with these two health threats namely NIHL and TB. The audiological and medical surveillance data of 2698 subjects (between the years 2001 and 2009) were used in analyses. Hearing thresholds for the air conduction frequencies (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 KHz) in both ears were analysed in conjunction with biographic and occupational data. Subjects were divided into three groups, two experimental groups (Single TB treatment, n= 911 and Multiple TB treatment, n= 376) and one control group (n= 1411). A highly significant difference (p<0.01) was noted between the control group and both TB treatment groups across most frequencies and hearing parameters analysed, although the higher frequencies were more affected. Pair wise comparisons revealed the largest differences in hearing thresholds throughout between the control group and the multiple TB treatment groups. The smallest differences in hearing thresholds were evident between the two TB groups with the multiple TB treatment group presenting with the poorest thresholds. TB and its related risk profile had a pronounced influence on the decline of hearing thresholds. Thresholds for the multiple TB treatment group indicated more deterioration than the hearing thresholds of the single TB treatment group. This may point to the possibility that the influence of repeated TB on the subjects’ hearing thresholds over time was more pronounced than a single incidence of TB. It is still necessary however to separate the effects of the disease from the effects of the treatment on hearing. / Dissertation (MCommunication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / Unrestricted

Ma thèse se compose de deux parties indépendantes. La première traite decrypto-économie et la seconde d’économétrie théorique. Dans le premier chapitre, je présente un modèle qui prédit la puissance de calcul totale déployée par les mineurs en utilisant le taux de change bitcoin / dollar. Le deuxième chapitre s’appuie sur une version simplifiée du précédent modèle pour faire le constat de l’inefficacité du protocole Bitcoin actuel et proposer un moyen simple de réduire la consommation d’électricité engendrée par cette cryptomonnaie. Le troisième chapitre explique comment identifier et estimer les bornes exactes de la région d’identification de l’effet marginal moyen dans un modèle logit avec effets fixes sur données de panel. / My dissertation concatenates two independent parts. The first one dealswith crypto-economics whereas the second one is about theoretical econometrics. In the first chapter, I present a model which predicts bitcoin miners’ total computing power using the bitcoin / dollar exchange rate. The second chapter builds on a simplified version of the preceeding model to show to which extent the current Bitcoin protocol is inefficient and suggest a simple solution to lower the cryptocurrency’s electricity consumption. The third chapter explains how to identify and estimate the sharp bounds of the average marginal effect’s identification region in a fixed effects logit model with panel data.

No description available.