Online Oil Debris Monitors (ODM) provide a direct, effective and reliable approach to machinery condition monitoring. ODM can be used to monitor the condition of complex machines, such as airplane engines, electric generators, wind turbines, or other machines with oil circulation systems. The principle of the sensor is to detect the quantity and the size of metal particles in the flowing oil. The current available ODM sensors suffer from sensitivity to vibrations, as their electromagnetic response is largely affected by interfering vibrations. This thesis presents a novel structure and algorithms to separate and eliminate the vibration interference. In the new structure, a dual channel system is designed as opposed to previous single channel systems. Three signal processing algorithms have been developed and tested using experimental data from a prototype. They have shown to be effective, as detailed in the thesis.

This thesis describes empirical research into project management of software development. Specifically, the aim of the research is to investigate how project managers monitor, control and coordinate software development tasks and how this is affected by changing environments, in this case increased organizational distance between the project manager and elements of the project team. Differing project environments allow investigation into which project management mechanisms are essential, which are required in specific circumstances and which may be useful but not necessarily essential. To explore how software development projects are monitored, controlled and coordinated, a broad range of literature from software development and other fields such as organization theory, supply chain management and automobile manufacture is examined to establish a consensus of the mechanisms of project monitoring, control and coordination and their classification into groups. To better understand how the different mechanisms may be selected in different circumstances, a range of contingencies is examined to deduce which of these contingencies may significantly affect the project management of software development projects. Outsourced and distributed software development projects are becoming more frequent than in the past with consequent effects on project management practices. Although there has been some research into the ways in which project managers monitor, control and coordinate software development projects, little of it has investigated how the mechanisms employed to do so may be affected by such factors as increasing organizational distance. If more were known about the ways in which changed project environments affected the selection and use of project management mechanisms, better responses to those environmental changes could be devised. This could also identify where tools could be developed to assist project management of outsourced and distributed projects. In this research, the term 'organizational distance' is used to describe the cultural, structural and administrative distance between the project manager and elements of the project team. Since there is limited information available on the concept of organizational distance, a new model is developed that encompasses the dimensions of distance that may be found in outsourced or globally distributed projects. A second model is then developed that relates changes in the factors of organizational distance with preferred choices of project management mechanism via project contingencies. Empirical data were collected by structured interviews with project managers who were currently engaged in software development within Sydney, Australia. The method of collecting the data provided both quantitative and qualitative data that enabled three separate ways to investigate the research questions. The empirical research found that project managers do not rely on a single mechanism to monitor, control or coordinate a software development project but employ multiple mechanisms. While the portfolio of mechanisms for both monitoring and control comprised a relatively narrow selection, the portfolio of coordination mechanisms was more diverse. Project monitoring mechanisms were employed to first detect any project problems then to respond to those problems. This contrasts with monitoring systems designed to provide all the information about both the existence and probable causes of project problems. Project control mechanisms reflected the origin of the control. The constraints imposed on the project by the organization and used by the project manager to direct the project tended to be outcome related, for example budget and schedule. The behaviour of the project team, even across significant organizational distances, was controlled through the use of project plans that determined when different tasks would be performed. Project coordination mechanisms reflected the different types of dependencies between software development activities. The most common was using a project work breakdown structure, expressed in the project schedule, to resolve sequential and pooled resource dependencies. Mutual dependencies tended to be resolved using interactive mechanisms such as co-location, conversations and meetings. The empirical evidence did not find any difference between co-located projects and distributed projects so far as the choice of project management mechanisms were concerned. Distributed and globally outsourced software development projects may encounter many difficulties that a fully co-located project does not, but the response to those difficulties appears to lie with the implementation of project management mechanisms and not their selection.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2007--Frankfurt (Main).

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-117)

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-117)

Submitted by Almir Azevedo (barbio1313@gmail.com) on 2015-01-21T16:32:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MILTON SOARES D.pdf: 6549050 bytes, checksum: 71106da0f06535bc051b1128cf9f0524 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-21T16:32:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MILTON SOARES D.pdf: 6549050 bytes, checksum: 71106da0f06535bc051b1128cf9f0524 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12 / As incrustações que se formam nas paredes internas dos dutos de transporte do produto extraído dos poços marítimos de petróleo é motivo de grande prejuízo para as companhias exploradoras e em alguns casos até mesmo de segurança. A consequência dessas incrustações é a diminuição da seção reta do duto que causa a diminuição da vazão de extração e pode também causar um aumento da pressão no interior do poço, com graves consequências para a segurança. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor um sistema de inspeção móvel, que pode ser transportado por robôs submarinos para inspecionar as linhas de dutos nas saídas dos poços de petróleo. O método de medida a ser adotado será o da atenuação da transmissão de um feixe de raios gama que fará uma única leitura em uma posição pré-determinada e nos dará como resultado a informação se a espessura da incrustação é maior ou menor do que um valor pré-determinado. Para a realização das medidas foi projetado e construído um sistema eletrônico composto de fonte de alimentação, amplificador, analisador monocanal e contador que foi acoplado a um detector cintilador de CsI com fotodiodo PIN. O sistema de medida foi ajustado para realizar medidas com precisão constante de ±1%. Nos testes realizados durante a pesquisa ficou demonstrado a eficácia do método proposto com os resultados obtidos com uma seção de tudo de aço carbono de 270 mm de diâmetro, retirado do campo, com incrustações assimétricas de BaSO4. / The scale formed over the inner walls of the ducts conveying the extracted product from offshore oil wells is a major cause of losses to companies and in some cases even the safety is affected. The consequence of such fouling is the duct´s square section reduction that causes extraction flow decrease and can also cause an increase in pressure inside the well, with serious consequences for safety. The objective of this work is to propose a mobile inspection system, which can be transported by underwater robots to inspect the lines of ducts in the outputs of the oil wells. The measurement method to be adopted will be the gamma rays´ beam attenuation at a predetermined position of the pipe. This transmission value compared to a clear pipe reading will show if the thickness of the inlay is larger or smaller than an assumed thickness. To carry out the measurements it was designed and built an electronic system comprising power supply, amplifier, single channel analyzer and a counter timer that was connected to a CsI scintillator detector coupled to a PIN photodiode. The system was set up to perform measurements with constant accuracy of ±1%. Tests during the study demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method with the obtained results with a carbon steel duct section of 270 mm diameter, removed from the field, with asymmetric BaSO4 inlay.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:14:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2682_1.pdf: 7594410 bytes, checksum: 532ac39285ea302f98c5ad7c37c64db9 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Existem vários recursos para evitar que os indivíduos recebam doses equivalentes de radiação, excessivas ou desnecessárias e a proteção radiológica avalia se esses recursos são realmente eficientes, através da monitoração de área. A monitoração de área é utilizada para dar uma indicação dos níveis de radiação existentes em determinados locais. Utilizando-se deste método, pode-se estimar a dose recebida pelo pessoal que ocupa uma área específica, por um determinado tempo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a construção de um monitor portátil, constituído de uma câmara de ionização em material equivalente ao tecido (CITE), com um volume de 600cc e de sua eletrônica associada que permite medir radiação gama e raios-X. Os resultados mostram uma resposta linear do monitor para diferentes taxas de dose. O teste de estabilidade da sua resposta também mostrou uma boa reprodutibilidade de ±1%. Uma pequena dependência energética para energias entre 16 - 200keV dentro da norma IEC 60846, 2001. Para a faixa de energia 200 - 1250keV, a dependência está acima dos valores estipulados pela IEC 60846, para esta faixa de energia é necessário a utilização de filtros para melhorar a dependência energética

Monitors affärssystem MONITOR är under ständig utveckling och i och med detta ville man kolla upp huruvida PostgreSQL skulle kunna användas som DBMS istället för det nuvarande; Sybase SQL Anywhere. Examensarbete har därför bestått av en jämförelse hur PostgreSQL står sig jämte andra DBMS:er, en implementering utav en PostgreSQLdatabas som MONITOR arbetar mot samt ett prestandatest utav skapandet av databasen. I många avseenden verkar PostgreSQL vara ett alternativ till SQL Anywhere; Alla datatyper finns i båda dialekterna. Backup av data finns i olika utföranden och går att automatisera Enkelt att installera och uppdatera. Ingen licensieringskostnad existerar. Support finns tillgänglig i olika former. Dock så är inte PostgreSQL ett bra DBMS att byta till i dagsläget då systemet inte fungerade på grund av att vissa uttryck inte översattes ordentligt samt att ingen motsvarighet till LIST existerar. Ännu större är dock problemet med tiden det tar att flytta data till en PostgreSQL-databas då det inte är intressant att lösa problem med funktioner i systemet om det ändå inte går att använda på grund utav att konvertering av data tar så lång tid som det gör.

Online Oil Debris Monitors (ODM) provide a direct, effective and reliable approach to machinery condition monitoring. ODM can be used to monitor the condition of complex machines, such as airplane engines, electric generators, wind turbines, or other machines with oil circulation systems. The principle of the sensor is to detect the quantity and the size of metal particles in the flowing oil. The current available ODM sensors suffer from sensitivity to vibrations, as their electromagnetic response is largely affected by interfering vibrations. This thesis presents a novel structure and algorithms to separate and eliminate the vibration interference. In the new structure, a dual channel system is designed as opposed to previous single channel systems. Three signal processing algorithms have been developed and tested using experimental data from a prototype. They have shown to be effective, as detailed in the thesis.

Biofilms are important in nature and in engineered processes. Because of this, a fundamental understanding of their growth and behaviour is required. This work aimed at monitoring biofilm growth using a biological rotating reactor and the Rotoscope biofilm monitor. Both methods worked on the principle of a rotating circular disc that was semi-submerged in water and the light reflected of the area that was outside of the water. Light reflectance on the disc was taken three times a day and the average recorded as the daily reading. It was noticed that in both systems, growth of biofilms on the discs caused a decrease in the amount of light reflected. A decrease in light reflectance indicated an increase in biofilm thickness. The growth of biofilm was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The addition of a biocide caused a slight increase in light reflectance indicating partial biofilm removal. The Rotoscope was very sensitive to changes in biofilm characteristics. Rotoscope met the requirements needed for an on-line, real-time and non-destructive biofilm monitoring system. The aged anolyte was effective in killing both suspended and biofilm bacteria at a concentration of 1:10 irrespective of its age and storage conditions. Exposure of aerobic bacteria to different concentrations of sodium nitrite at different time intervals indicated that sodium nitrite had a limited, or no biocidal effect on these bacteria mostly encountered in biofilms. The ready to use chlorine dioxide was also used as the means of controlling biofilms. MIC for RTU ClO2 was found to be 80ppm, which in certain instances killed all bacteria immediately upon exposure while in other cases an exposure time of 1h was required. It was indicated that at this concentration, biofilms were removed. This was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Proteins of suspended bacteria treated with 1:10 and 1:100 anolyte dilutions and the control were extracted and compared using SDS-PAGE. Protein bands of bacteria treated with 1:10 NaCl derived anolyte were fewer and fainter as compared to those from untreated cells. More bands were produced in cells treated with 1:100 NaCl derived anolyte as compared to the untreated cells. Cells treated with the non-halide anolyte, both 1:10 and 1:100 dilutions, produced more bands than in the untreated cells. Anolyte destroyed vital proteins for bacterial survival causing cell death or it caused fragmentation of proteins to small peptides, reducing the number of viable cells. NaNO2 was ineffective as biocide while aged anolyte and RTU liquid ClO2 were effective as biocides. SDS-PAGE indicated that anolyte killed bacteria by affecting their proteins. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Microbiology and Plant Pathology / unrestricted