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Актуальность выбранной темы заключается в том, что эффективность персонала является одним из главных факторов успеха любой компании. Однако оценка эффективности персонала может быть трудной задачей, особенно для компаний с большим числом филиалов. Информационная система для анализа KPI персонала позволит компаниям оптовой и розничной торговли более точно оценивать работу своих сотрудников, а также идентифицировать проблемные места и принимать своевременные меры для их устранения. Объектом исследования являются методы оценки результативности работы персонала. Предметом исследования является использование KPI для предприятий оптовой и розничной торговли. Научная новизна данной работы заключается в нахождении алгоритмического, программного и математического решения задачи управления персоналом, позволяющего сократить время на процесс анализа деятельности компании. / The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the fact that the effectiveness of the staff is one of the main success factors of any company. However, evaluating staff performance can be a difficult task, especially for companies with a large number of branches. The information system for personnel KPI analysis will allow wholesale and retail companies to more accurately evaluate the work of their employees, as well as identify problem areas and take timely measures to eliminate them. The object of the study is the methods for assessing the effectiveness of the work of personnel. The subject of the research is the use of KPI for wholesalers and retailers. The scientific novelty of this work lies in finding an algorithmic, software and mathematical solution to the problem of personnel management, which allows to reduce the time for the process of analyzing the company's activities.

Problématique : l’activité physique est évitée par les patients atteints de diabète de type 1 (DbT1) malgré ses bénéfices et ce par crainte du risque d’hypoglycémie majoré par l’exercice. Le pancréas artificiel externe est une nouvelle technologie de trois composantes qui fonctionnent en boucle fermée, un système de surveillance continue du glucose (SSCG), un algorithme et une pompe à insuline. Peu d’études ont été conçues spécifiquement pour tester le pancréas artificiel pendant l’exercice. De plus, la précision des SSCG pourrait être compromise par les changements rapides du glucose au cours de l’exercice. Objectifs : 1) Tester et comparer l’efficacité des deux versions du pancréas artificiel, simple-hormone (insuline seule) et double-hormone (insuline et glucagon), pour prévenir l’hypoglycémie durant deux types d’exercice, en continu et par intervalles, chez les patients DbT1. 2) Comparer la performance de deux SSCG, Dexcom et Enlite, au repos et pendant l’exercice. Résultats : 1) Avec le système à simple-hormone comparé au double-hormone, 31,2% des participants ont eu au moins un épisode d’hypoglycémie nécessitant un traitement par glucides vs. 9% (p=0,02) et 24,4 ± 27,6 % de temps était passé en hypoglycémie (glucose plasmatique < 4 mmol/l) vs. 4,4 ± 14,3% (p=0,0001), respectivement. 2) Les moyennes de différence relative absolue par rapport au glucose plasmatique pour Dexcom vs. Enlite étaient comparables au repos 13,8 vs. 12,4% (p=0,53) et pendant l’exercice 22,5% vs. 20,4% (p=0,58). La comparaison repos vs exercice était significatif pour Dexcom (p=0,005) et Enlite (p=0,007). Conclusions : le pancréas artificiel à double-hormone engendre un moindre risque d’hypoglycémie et permet un meilleur contrôle de la glycémie que le système à simple-hormone. Les deux SSCG, Dexcom et Enlite ont une bonne performance, sont comparables, mais sont tous les deux moins précis durant l’exercice qu’au repos. / Background: Physical activity is often avoided by patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) despite its health benefits due to fear of its elevated hypoglycemic risk. The external artificial pancreas is a new technology that controls glucose via a closed-loop strategy of three components; a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS), an algorithm and an insulin pump. Studies of the artificial pancreas included physical activity sessions but were rarely designed to specifically assess its efficacy during exercise. Moreover, the precision of the CGMS can be affected by the rapidly changing blood glucose levels during exercise. Objectives: 1) To test and compare the efficacy of the two versions of the artificial pancreas, single-hormone (insulin only) and dual-hormone (insulin plus glucagon) during two types of exercise, continuous and interval, in patients with T1D. 2) To compare the performance of two CGMS, Dexcom and Enlite, at rest and during exercise. Results: 1) During single-hormone artificial pancreas in comparison to dual-hormone, 31.2% of the participants had at least one hypoglycemic episode necessitating treatment vs. 9% (p=0,02) and 24.4 ± 27.6 % of the time spent in hypoglycemia (plasma glucose < 4 mmol/l) vs. 4.4 ± 14.3% (p=0.0001), respectively. 2) The mean relative absolute differences (MARD) in reference to plasma glucose for Dexcom vs. Enlite were at rest 13.8 vs. 12.4% (p=0.53) and during exercise 22.5% vs. 20.4% (p=0.58). The comparison of mean ARD`s at rest vs. exercise were significant for Dexcom (p=0.005) and Enlite (p=0.007). Conclusions: The dual-hormone artificial pancreas was shown to be better than single-hormone at achieving hypoglycaemia-free control during exercise in adults with T1D. Dexcom and Enlite demonstrated comparable overall performances during rest and physical activity with a lower accuracy for both sensors during exercise.

ADHERENCE TO PHARMACOTHERAPY OF OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Martina Santariová Supervisor: PharmDr. Magda Vytřísalová, Ph.D. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Adherence is the extent to which the patient's behavior (using of medication, following recommended regimen) is in accordance with the advice of the health care provider. Adherence to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis, including compliance and persistence, is still suboptimal. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was assessing of subjectively evaluated adherence with peroral bisphosphonates used to treat osteoporosis within Czech women. METHODS: A cross-sectional multicentre survey. Data collecting was carried out using anonymous questionnaire in five osteocenters in the Czech Republic. The research was performed between November 2012 and March 2013. Adherence was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire OS- MMAS (Osteoporosis-specific Morisky Medication Adherence Scale). RESULTS: A total of 363 postmenopausal women aged 55 years and older with osteoporosis or osteopenia were participated in the study. 133 (36,6 %) women used weekly dosage forms of BIS (alendronate, alendronate and vitamine D in a fixed combination, risedronate) and 230 (63,4 %) women used...

AABBSSTTRRAACCTT TTiitteell:: Use and selection of monitoring system in special physical training of Army of the Czech Republic GGooaallss:: The goal of this thesis is to give a complex, integrated and comprehensive overview about functional options and effective utilization of Monitoring System in selected areas of special physical training of Czech Army. MMeetthhooddss:: Study, analysis, synthesis and comparison of published findings of professionals from the fields of Geography, Geodesy and Special Physical Training were used in this thesis. Secondary research consisted of interviews with experts on mentioned areas and disciplines. RReessuullttss:: The main subject of this work is the utilization of Monitoring System in special physical training process. Usage of MS in selected areas of special physical training will result in effective support in terms of planning, safety and overall evaluation of its individual parts. KKeeyy wwoorrddss:: GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) GPS (Global Positioning System) GIS (Geographic Information System) Special physical training Load Monitoring system Date

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:07:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Texto.pdf: 1767882 bytes, checksum: f8f65214aa10171d5d8bab0355646542 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-05 / No Brasil, até pouco tempo atrás, a qualidade da energia elétrica estava relacionada, basicamente, com interrupções do fornecimento de energia e a certas cargas especiais da indústria. Porém, nos últimos anos, sob a direção da agência reguladora do setor, a ANEEL (Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica), juntamente com especialistas, a área de qualidade da energia elétrica passou a receber uma atenção significativa, sendo legislada e adquirindo suas regulamentações iniciais. A área de Qualidade da Energia Elétrica passou, então, a formalmente existir e abranger um conjunto maior de fenômenos e eventos da rede elétrica. Em função dessa recente regulamentação, este trabalho apresenta o projeto de um medidor da qualidade da energia elétrica. Um dos focos do medidor é ser de baixo custo, tornando-o viável para o uso em grande escala. Este medidor é um sistema eletrônico que processa digitalmente os sinais de tensão da rede elétrica, extraindo os dados relacionados à qualidade da energia elétrica; tais dados são armazenados localmente e, posteriormente, acessados remotamente e enviados para um banco de dados, de forma que possam ser analisados. / Some years ago in Brazil the power quality was related, basically, with interruption of supplied energy and certain special loads of industry. In recent years, however, under controls of the regulating agency ANEEL (Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica) and with specialists, the power quality area received the due attention and was legislated and acquired regulations. So, finally, the area of Power Quality was formally created and now it embraces several electrical phenomena and events. Because of the new regulations, this work presents a project of a power quality meter. One of meter s focuses is to be a low cost system and becomes able to be used in large scale. This power quality meter is an electronic system that processes the voltage signal of electrical network and extracts data related to power quality; the data are locally stored and after they are remotely accessed and transmitted to a data base to be analyzed.

Ce travail propose une contribution originale à la compréhension du comportement spatial des pêcheurs, basée sur les paradigmes de l'écologie comportementale et de l'écologie du mouvement. En s'appuyant sur des données du 'Vessel Monitoring System', nous étudions le comportement des pêcheurs d'anchois du Pérou à des échelles différentes: (1) les modes comportementaux au sein des voyages de pêche (i.e. recherche, pêche et trajet), (2) les patrons comportementaux parmi les voyages de pêche, (3) les patrons comportementaux par saison de pêche conditionnés par des scénarios écosystémiques et (4) les patrons spatiaux des positions de modes comportementaux, que nous utilisons pour la création de cartes de probabilité de présence d'anchois. Pour la première échelle, nous comparons plusieurs modèles Markoviens (modèles de Markov et semi-Markov cachés) et discriminatifs (forêts aléatoires, machines à vecteurs de support et réseaux de neurones artificiels) pour inférer les modes comportementaux associés aux trajectoires VMS. L'utilisation d'un ensemble de données pour lesquelles les modes comportementaux sont connus (grâce aux données collectées par des observateurs embarqués), nous permet d'entraîner les modèles dans un cadre supervisé et de les valider. Les modèles de semi-Markov cachés sont les plus performants, et sont retenus pour inférer les modes comportementaux sur l'ensemble de données VMS. Pour la deuxième échelle, nous caractérisons chaque voyage de pêche par plusieurs descripteurs, y compris le temps passé dans chaque mode comportemental. En utilisant une analyse de classification hiérarchique, les patrons des voyages de pêche sont classés en groupes associés à des zones de gestion, aux segments de la flottille et aux personnalités des capitaines. Pour la troisième échelle, nous analysons comment les conditions écologiques donnent forme au comportement des pêcheurs à l'échelle d'une saison de pêche. Via des analyses de co-inertie, nous trouvons des associations significatives entre les dynamiques spatiales des pêcheurs, des anchois et de l'environnement, et nous caractérisons la réponse comportementale des pêcheurs selon des scénarios environnementaux contrastés. Pour la quatrième échelle, nous étudions si le comportement spatial des pêcheurs reflète dans une certaine mesure la répartition spatiale de l'anchois. Nous construisons un indicateur de la présence d'anchois à l'aide des modes comportementaux géo-référencés inférés à partir des données VMS. Ce travail propose enfin une vision plus large du comportement de pêcheurs: les pêcheurs ne sont pas seulement des agents économiques, ils sont aussi des fourrageurs, conditionnés par la variabilité dans l'écosystème. Pour conclure, nous discutons de la façon dont ces résultats peuvent avoir de l'importance pour la gestion de la pêche, des analyses de comportement collectif et des modèles end-to-end. / This work proposes an original contribution to the understanding of fishermen spatial behavior, based on the behavioral ecology and movement ecology paradigms. Through the analysis of Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data, we characterized the spatial behavior of Peruvian anchovy fishermen at different scales: (1) the behavioral modes within fishing trips (i.e., searching, fishing and cruising); (2) the behavioral patterns among fishing trips; (3) the behavioral patterns by fishing season conditioned by ecosystem scenarios; and (4) the computation of maps of anchovy presence proxy from the spatial patterns of behavioral mode positions. At the first scale considered, we compared several Markovian (hidden Markov and semi-Markov models) and discriminative models (random forests, support vector machines and artificial neural networks) for inferring the behavioral modes associated with VMS tracks. The models were trained under a supervised setting and validated using tracks for which behavioral modes were known (from on-board observers records). Hidden semi-Markov models performed better, and were retained for inferring the behavioral modes on the entire VMS dataset. At the second scale considered, each fishing trip was characterized by several features, including the time spent within each behavioral mode. Using a clustering analysis, fishing trip patterns were classified into groups associated to management zones, fleet segments and skippers' personalities. At the third scale considered, we analyzed how ecological conditions shaped fishermen behavior. By means of co-inertia analyses, we found significant associations between fishermen, anchovy and environmental spatial dynamics, and fishermen behavioral responses were characterized according to contrasted environmental scenarios. At the fourth scale considered, we investigated whether the spatial behavior of fishermen reflected to some extent the spatial distribution of anchovy. Finally, this work provides a wider view of fishermen behavior: fishermen are not only economic agents, but they are also foragers, constrained by ecosystem variability. To conclude, we discuss how these findings may be of importance for fisheries management, collective behavior analyses and end-to-end models.

Les besoins de nouveaux services dans les rames ferroviaires ( le comptage, l’efficience énergétique, le confort et la sécurité des passagers etc.), risquent de saturer à terme les systèmes de communication filaires mis en place il y a une vingtaine d’années. Les réseaux de capteurs sans fil, par leurs avantages (déploiement facile, capacité à s’adapter à plusieurs types d’environnements, faible consommation d’énergie), ouvrent de nombreuses perspectives pour les systèmes de gestion énergétique. Le but de ce travail de thèse est d’étudier et mettre en oeuvre un réseau de capteurs sans fil à l’intérieur des trains pour l’efficience énergétique. Ainsi, quelques protocoles de communication dédiés à la gestion énergétique ont été présentés puis une étude comparative des différents réseaux de communication sans fil réalisée. Cette étude comparative a permis de faire le choix du réseau ZigBee comme étant le plus adéquat pour la plateforme. L’architecture hybride proposée permet l’utilisation du réseau IP existant comme colonne vertébrale de l’ensemble des réseaux ZigBee. Afin de tenir compte de l’effet de l’environnement ferroviaire dans la planification et le déploiement du réseau, une étude du canal de propagation, basée sur des mesures réalisées dans un métro et un wagon de RER a été menée. L’impact de la coexistence entre le ZigBee et le WiFi et de la présence humaine sur la communication du réseau sans fil a été démontré. Le prototype d’une plateforme basée sur le réseau ZigBee allant de la collecte des données à l’affichage des informations a été réalisé et testé. / The need of new services in railway trains (services for metering, energy efficiency, the comfort and safety of users etc.) may eventually saturate the wired communication systems installed since twenty years ago years. The several advantages of wireless sensor networks (easy deployment, ability to adapt on different environments and low energy consumption) offer many possibilities for energy management systems. The aim of this thesis is to study and implement a wireless network sensors inside trains for energy efficiency. Thus, some communication protocols dedicated to energy management were presented and then a comparative study of the various wireless communication networks carried out. This comparative study shows that the ZigBee network is the most suitable for the platform. The proposed hybrid architecture allows the use of the existing IP network as the backbone of all ZigBee networks. In order to take into account the effect of the railway environment in the planning and deployment of the network, a study of the propagation channel was carried out, based on measurements realized in a subway and a RER car. The impact of the coexistence between ZigBee and WiFi and of the human presence on wireless communication have been demonstrated. The prototype of a platform based on the ZigBee network, allows data collection, informations traitement and monitoring, was carried out.

<p>The study begins with a historical background over the fisheries development in North America and in the Baltic Sea area in Finland and Sweden. As we can see the fisheries development depends on the interaction between ecology, state of production, politic and also social factors. In Sweden the fishery politic has changed over the period of the study. In the 1970: s the main politic focus was on the fisheries progress, expansion and rationalization. The State in Sweden took a vast part in this development and gave economic support. In the 1980: s the fishery politic in Sweden started to change and the environmental politics began to enter the fishery politic. The environmental problems in the Baltic Sea were given attention and it was a great anxiety over the eutrophication. In the 1980: s the codpopulation declined and with them the catches declined. The conflict over the White zone 1978-1988 between Former Soviet Union and Sweden resulted in a plunder fishery in the area east of Bornholm. This plunder fishery effected the cod population enormous and the effect has continued to the late 1990: s. </p><p>In 1995 Sweden joined the European Union and the common fishery politic replaced the Swedish fishery politic. </p><p>The system with TAC (Total Allowable Catch) is central in the common politic and it is used to control the cod catches. But the problem is that the TAC -volume has been higher than the codpopulation could stand. Despite the politic goal in Sweden and EU to preserve the codpopulation in the Baltic Sea, the codpopulation has continued to decline. The reason to this politic failure is that the limit of the ecology has been overseen. Instead, the economic and social values have been dominating the politic and together with a to weak control of the catches and environmental problems in the Baltic Sea, the situation for the cod has been devastating.</p>

Significant challenges to patient monitoring systems in a hospital environment include the reliable and energy-efficient transmission of data and their real-time display. This thesis proposes innovative and novel mechanisms for the reliable transmission of patient data in Body Area Network (BAN) communication, which simultaneously ensure high throughput, low data latency, and low energy consumption by implementing energy and QoS aware routing protocols. Five main contributions are made in this regard. Firstly, a novel patient monitoring system (ZK-BAN peering framework) is proposed for real-time hospital BAN communication that displays patient data on the display units by considering data privacy, low energy consumption, better control on the devices, and patient mobility. Secondly, a novel energy-aware peering routing protocol (EPR) is introduced in which the choice of next hop is based on the residual energy and geographic information of the neighbor nodes. EPR contains three main components: a Hello protocol, a neighbor table constructor algorithm, and a routing table constructor algorithm. Thirdly, a new modular QoS-aware routing protocol (QPRD) is designed to handle the ordinary and delay-sensitive data for BAN communication in hospitals. QPRD provides an end-to-end path delay mechanism to calculate the path delays of all possible paths from a source to destination and then chooses the best path with the lowest path delay for delay-sensitive packets. Fourthly, a novel modular QoS-aware routing protocol (QPRR) is developed to handle ordinary and reliability-sensitive data for BAN communication in hospitals. The modular architecture of QPRR includes five modules: a reliability module, a packet classifier, a Hello protocol module, a routing services module, and a QoS-aware queuing module. The proposed mechanisms for end-to-end path reliability calculation and data transmission using redundant paths ensure more reliable BAN communication. Finally, a new integrated energy and QoS aware routing protocol (ZEQoS) is designed to deal with ordinary, delay-sensitive, and reliability-sensitive data packets. Extensive simulations in the OMNeT++ based Castalia 3.2 simulator show that EPR, QPRD, QPRR, and ZEQoS perform better than other similar energy and QoS aware routing protocols.