Darbo tema – dorovinių vertybių formavimas 10 – 12 klasių dailės pamokose katalikiškos liturginės juvelyrikos pavyzdžiais. Tyrimo tikslas - išanalizuoti katalikiškos liturginės juvelyrikos įtaką formuojant dorovines vertybes 10 – 12 klasių dailės pamokose. Tyrimo uždaviniai - išanalizuoti mokslinę literatūrą dorovinių vertybių formavimo tema; apibūdinti katalikiškos liturginės juvelyrikos tipus ir funkcijas; išsiaiškinti 10 – 12 klasių mokinių dorovines, vertybines nuostatas; išsiaiškinti katalikiškos liturginės juvelyrikos pavyzdžių integravimo poveikį dailės pamokose bei nustatyti dorovinių vertybių formavimo galimybes dailės pamokose. Atlykus tyrimą paaiškėjo, jog daugumos mokslininkų bei aksiologijos tyrėjų nuomonės sutampa, kad ugdant visapusišką asmenybę, svarbus vaidmuo tenka doriniam arba doroviniam auklėjimui, asmenybės moralinių savybių formavimui, jog formuoti dorovines vertybes reikia kaip visumą, žmogaus santykių su savimi, visuomene, darbu, gamta, kultūrinėmis vertybėmis. Nagrinėjant ir lyginant respondentų dorovines, vertybines nuostatas pastebėjome, jog kontrolinės grupės respondentai teigiamiau vertina socialines, visuomenines ir materialumu paremtas vertybes, eksperimentinės grupės apklaustieji palankiau vertina vertybes susijusias su dvasingumu, atsakingumu ir pagarba. Katalikybės tradicijoje diegiamas vertybes, eksperimentinės grupės tyriamieji buvo linkę vertinti palankiau. Katalikiškos liturginės juvelyrikos pavyzdžių integravimo poveikį dailės pamokose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Moral value formation by examples of the catholic liturgical jeweller of 10 – 12 classes in the art lessons is the subject of this work. Investigative purpose – to analyse influence of the catholic liturgical jeweller for moral value formation. Investigative tasks – to analyse scientific literature of moral value formating; to describe types and functions of catholic liturgical jeweller; to ascertain moral values of the respondents; to analyse influense of integration to art lessons by catholic liturgical jeweller and to find chance to formate moral values in the art lessons. When exploratory was accomplished, it emerged that opinions of scientists and researchers of acsiology are coincidentals. They agree that education of thorough person needs to be virtuous and moral. Formation of moral values needs to be universal, like human intercourse with himself, with society, work, nature and cultural values as well. While, analysing and comparing moral values of respondents, we noticed, that respondents of auditorial group were more interesting in social, material goods and respondents of experimental group were more interesting in values, which are coherent with spirituality, responsibility and respect. Respondents of experimental group were more interesting in catholic values than auditorial group. Comparing results of respondents of 10 – 12 classes analysis information, we noticed influence of catholic liturgical jeweller integration in the art lessons. Respondents of... [to full text]

The aim of this project is to develop a legally relevant theory of artistic value, based on which a judge can reliably determine whether a work has sufficient such value to be granted constitutional protection, even though it would otherwise count as obscene. Within this framework I argue that a moral flaw can count as an aesthetic virtue in a narrative work, at least when the audience learns something from the immoral content of the work. Since expert testimony is sometimes required in legal cases about artistic value, I also develop a legally applicable theory of aesthetic testimony, such that expert testimony can be used to determine the valence of aesthetic properties, which is essential in determining a work‘s overall artistic value. My theory of which properties of works are relevant to their aesthetic evaluation depends both on which categories the work is appreciated in, and on the conventions of those categories. I address these issues within Canadian and American legal contexts. / text

The environment is seen by different people as being valuable for different reasons. A pervasive debate in Environmental Philosophy revolves around which values should hold sway in the case of conflicts between the various kinds of value associated with the environment. This debate is relevant to, and fuelled by, debates how human communities should make decisions about the environment. By exploring the methods for balancing the various forms of environmental value proposed by Bryan G. Norton, Mark Sagoff, and David Pearce, I will argue that, as of yet, there has been little progress towards constructing a morally satisfactory basis for giving particular environmental values more weight than others. I will argue that to the extent that decision-maker obligations constitute moral obligations to the community, they can act as a basis for justifying giving some environmental values precedence over others in the decision-making context.

Debate concerning the relationship between ethics and aesthetics has re-emerged in contemporary aesthetic literature. All of the major contemporary positions, I argue, treat this relationship as existing between the "moral value" of art and its aesthetic value. Throughout this thesis I analyse the various "value- based" positions (ethicism, moderate moralism, and contextualism) and examine whether their accounts of this relationship hold. My aim is to explore whether an alternative account - in which the aesthetic value of art can be enhanced or negated through its "moral significance", rather than its "moral value" - is plausible. I argue, that given the failure of these value- based positions we should favour a "significance- based contexutalist" approach that is better equipped to account for the complexity of both our engagement with art, and the moral reflection that it invites.

À la question de savoir ce qu’est la valeur des biens, le courant doctrinal majoritaire affirme que la valeur des biens est leur prix et que c’est en raison de cette valeur que les biens sont désirables et appropriables. Pourtant, juridiquement, le prix et la valeur des biens ne s’appliquent pas aux mêmes branches du droit et visent deux rapports d’équivalence différents. Même leurs expressions divergent puisque, contrairement au prix qui ne connaît qu’une expression monétaire, la valeur des biens connaît, en plus, une expression symbolique. Quant à l’affirmation selon laquelle la valeur des biens rend ces derniers désirables et justifie leur appropriation, il s’agit là d’un renversement du raisonnement. En effet, l’étude du droit français révèle qu’il conçoit la valeur des biens comme une mesure relative aux biens. En conséquence, c’est la catégorie juridique des biens qui est au cœur de leur désirabilité. Une étude comparative de celle-ci avec les autres qualifications juridiques relatives aux choses, démontre ainsi que les biens sont appréhendés comme une réserve non naturelle de choses entièrement appropriées, dont le propriétaire est connu et qui sont bénéfiques aux hommes en ce qu’elles leur fournissent un complément de service. Les biens contribuent ainsi à la subsistance des individus, c’est-à-dire qu’ils leur apportent une aide à leur existence matérielle. L’homme se caractérisant par son individualité et sa sociabilité, ils contribuent à chacun de ces besoins. Cependant, tous n’y contribuent pas dans la même proportion. La valeur des biens mesure ainsi cette contribution à la subsistance individuelle ou sociale des êtres humains. Ces deux types de subsistance connaissant des antagonismes, ils justifient des régimes juridiques et des expressions de la valeur différents. Ainsi, les biens contribuant à la subsistance individuelle connaissent un régime dynamique et une expression monétaire. Ce sont les biens les plus répandus et au cœur du droit commun. Il s’agit des biens à valeur économique. Les biens contribuant à la subsistance sociale connaissent, quant à eux, des régimes conservateurs et une expression symbolique et constituent des exceptions au droit commun. Il s’agit des biens à valeur morale. / To the question about what is the value of goods, the main body of doctrine maintains that the value of goods is their price and that is why the goods are desirables and appropriables. However, legally, price and value of goods do not apply to the same branches of law and aim at two different kind of equivalence. Their expressions also diverge. Contrary to the price, which knows only one monetary expression, the value of goods knows, besides, a symbolic expression. As for the assertion according to which the value of the goods become desirables and proves their appropriation, this is a reversal of the reasoning. Indeed, the study of French law reveals that the value of goods is a measure relative to goods. Consequently, the goods, as a legal category, are desirable as such. A comparative study of this one with other legal categories related to the things, shows that goods are knew as a non-natural reserve of completely appropriated things, to which the owner is known and which are advantageous to him to have a complement of service. So, the goods contribute to the subsistence of the individuals, because they help them for their material existence. Considering that the humanity is characterized by individuality and sociability, the goods could be analysed as a contribution to every kind of these needs. However, every goods do not contribute to it in the same proportion. The value of goods measures this contribution in the individual or in the social subsistence of the human beings. These two types of subsistence is characterised by an antagonism. It justifies different legal regimes and expressions of the value. So, the goods which contribute to the individual subsistence have a dynamic regime and a monetary expression. These are the most spread category of goods and the legal reference. They are the goods with an economic value. The goods which contribute to the social subsistence have two conservatives regimes, a symbolic expression and are exceptions to the legal reference. They are the goods with a moral value.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:37:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Helena de Freitas Miranda.pdf: 1296403 bytes, checksum: 658220c408305eea86bfc9391000cbcf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-20 / Petroleo Brasileiro SA / Esta pesquisa consiste em um estudo no campo da ética e da moralidade, e buscou investigar a existência de projetos de vida em adolescentes, identificando o lugar do outro nestes projetos. Foram analisados os projetos citados pelos participantes de maneira espontânea. Participaram do presente trabalho 24 adolescentes com idade entre 15 e 20 anos, igualmente divididos em relação ao sexo e classe social (média e baixa). Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas utilizando o método clínico proposto por Piaget (1926-s. d.;1932/1994). Os resultados obtidos permitem verificar que todos os adolescentes apresentaram estabelecimento de projetos de vida. Entre os principais resultados, foi encontrado o total de 87 planos divididos em cinco categorias: 1) Bens Materiais, 2) Relacionamentos Afetivos, 3) Atividade Profissional, 4) Formação Acadêmica e 5) Outros Projetos. Cada justificativa dos motivos pelos quais esses projetos foram mencionados foi considerada, como Conectada ou Desconectada, termos que designaram a relação que se estabelece com a existência de um outro no projeto de vida. Foram denominados projetos Conectados, aqueles que incluíram outras pessoas, grupos ou instituições, em papeis de protagonismo. Em outras palavras, reservavam ao outro um lugar central. Por outro lado, os projetos de vida chamados de Desconectados, foram aqueles que, tanto não consideraram a existência de outras pessoas, grupos ou instituições, em seu estabelecimento, quanto os que mencionaram o outro, mas em um lugar secundário, onde este foi visto como um meio para que o projeto de vida fosse atingido. Do total de 87 justificativas dos projetos, 52% eram Conectadas e 48% Desconectadas. De modo geral foi possível identificar que os valores morais permeiam alguns projetos de vida dos adolescentes, mas não sua totalidade. A análise indica que houve estabelecimento de projetos de vida morais e imorais, no que concerne a inclusão de outras pessoas, grupos ou instituições / This research is about ethics and morality. Its aim is the investigation of the existence of life projects in adolescents identifying someone else s place in these projects. The projects mentioned were analyzed by the participants spontaneously. There were 24 adolescents from 15 to 20 years old divided by genre and social class. Semi- structured interviews were done using the clinic method proposed by Piaget (1926-s.d.; 1932/1994). The results prove that all of the adolescents have projects in life. Amongst the main results 87 aims divided into 5 categories were identified: 1) Properties 2) Relationships 3) Career 4) Academical Improvement 5) Other projects. Each justification of the reasons why these projects were mentioned was considered as Connected or Disconnected, terms that name the relation between the existence in another project in life. Connected projects are the ones which included other people, groups or institutions as protagonists. On the other hand, those that did not considered the existence of other people, groups or institutions were considered Disconnected. Out of 87 project justifications, 52% were Connected and 48% were Disconnected. The existence of life projects considered as Connected and Disconnected could means that moral and ethic values that allows social life are part of some projects in life for the adolescents, but not all of them

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:37:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 1155101 bytes, checksum: a7ca46b9928cd6f70d77a0633513d0a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a representação de sujeitos homicidas a respeito da razão do crime (motivação) e acerca do crime propriamente dito (ação), tanto à época do homicídio (passado) quanto no momento atual (presente), por meio do juízo de representação da realidade (JRR) e do juízo de valor moral (JVM). A amostra compôs-se de 20 homens, entre 30 e 49 anos de idade, cumprindo pena sob regime de liberdade condicional na Vara de Execuções Penais de Vitória-ES. Realizamos entrevistas individuais, de acordo com o método clínico proposto por Piaget (1926/s.d.; 1932/1994). A partir dos dados encontrados, verificamos que, com relação: 1) às histórias de homicídio, a maior parte dos crimes ocorreu à noite, em espaço público, por arma de fogo, contra homens, conhecidos do transgressor, ambos alcoolizados; 2) à motivação para o homicídio, o JRR mais apontado, no presente e no passado, foi a agressão física sofrida, justificada no presente principalmente pelo fato de o agressor ter-se sentido humilhado e, no passado, pelo fato de ter querido vingar-se e pelas características próprias do transgressor ou da vítima; o JVM mais mencionado no passado foi o de que as razões estavam certas, devido a características dos entrevistados ou das vítimas, pelas humilhações sofridas ou pelo fato de que precisavam defender uma vida, ao passo que no presente o juízo mais citado pelos entrevistados foi o de que estavam errados os motivos, em face das conseqüências negativas do crime para eles e dos argumentos religiosos; 3) à ação do homicídio, o JRR mais citado no passado foi o de que os participantes cometeriam novamente o homicídio, pela humilhação sofrida ou pelo sentimento experienciado; e no presente mencionaram que não matariam de novo, devido às conseqüências negativas do crime, às características próprias ou da vítima e aos motivos religiosos; o JVM mais mencionado no passado foi o de que a ação seria errada, pelas conseqüências negativas, enquanto no presente todos julgaram como errado o homicídio cometido, devido às conseqüências negativas, ao valor atribuído à vida e a motivos religiosos; 4) aos dados em geral, houve uma tendência maior em condenar o homicídio e não a sua motivação; os argumentos religiosos ligaram-se ao fato de, no presente, os entrevistados julgarem como erradas a motivação e a ação do crime e, portanto, não o fariam novamente; as explicações veiculadas à humilhação pertencem principalmente ao passado, para justificar como corretos os juízos de valor das motivações e da ação, razão pela qual naquela época cometeriam novamente o homicídio, com uma ação pela honra . / The objective of this research was to investigate the representation of homicidal subjects as to the reasons of. the crime ( motivation ), and of the crime itself ( action ), not only at the time of the homicide ( past ) as for the present moment as well ( present ), by means of judgement of representation of reality (JRR), and of judgement of moral value (JVM). The sample consisted of 20 men, their ages varying between 30 and 49 years old, in prison and under parole at the Court s Division of Penal Executions of Vitória-ES. Individual interviews were made, according to the clinical method proposed by Piaget ( 1926/s.d.; 1932/1994). From the gathered data, we verifyed that in relation to: 1) the homicidal stories, most crimes took place at night, in public spaces, by fire weapon, against men known to the transgressor, both drunk; 2) as to the motivation for homicide, the JRR emphasized in the present and in the past, the physical aggression which took place, justified in the present mainly because the aggressor felt humiliated, and in the past, because he wanted to take revenge, and the transgressor s or victim s own characteristics; the JVM that was more mentionned in the past, was that their reasons were right due to the characteristics of those interviewed or of the victims, for the suffered humiliations or for the fact that they had to defend a life, whereas in the present, the most cited judgement was that their motives were wrong, in face of. the negative consequences of their crime, and of the religious arguments; 3) as to the action of the homicide, the JRR most mentionned in the past , was that those who had committed it, would do it again, either for the suffered humiliation or for the feeling they had experienced; and in the present they mentionned that they wouldn t kill again, due to the negative consequences of the crime, to the victim s own characteristics, and to religious motives; the JVM more mentionned in the past was that the action would be wrong, because of. the negative consequences, whereas in the present all of them judged as wrong the committed homicide, due to negative consequences, to the value attributed to life, and to religious motives; 4) as to the data in general , there was a greater tendency in condemning the homicide, and not its motivation; the religious arguments were linked to the fact that in the present , those interviewed judged as wrong the motivation and the action for the crime, and therefore they wouldn t do it again; the explanations linked to humiliation belongs mainly to the past, so as to justify as correct the judgement of value of the motivation and of the action, as a reason for why at that time, they would commit homicide again, as an action for honour .

In South Africa there are great polarities in terms of needs in resource–poor communities versus communities with available resources. This is evident during visits to Sir Lowry's Pass Village and when available statistics on trends in the community are taken into account. A potentially valuable resource in resource–poor communities is outreach programmes by a faith–based organisation (FBO) such as Jabulani Africa Ministries (JAM). JAM is a Christian FBO with a strong community focus. This study focuses on the resource–poor community of Sir Lowry's Pass Village, situated in the Helderberg Basin in the Western Cape. Sir Lowry's Pass Village is just one of a few resource–poor communities to whom JAM reaches out on a weekly basis since through their outreach programme aimed at middle–childhood children. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the content of this outreach programme of JAM in Sir Lowry's Pass Village aimed at middle–childhood children in order to provide guidelines to more specifically target the needs of the particular group of children. Data were collected from various sources according to principles of participatory action research. Data were organised through thematic data analysis to identify themes. Two core themes emerged; one theme is a mutual lack of understanding of the broader field by JAM members and the target of their interventions, middle–childhood children. The other theme centred on the moral value system of the particular group of children. The central theoretical argument of this study is that outreach programmes by faith–based organisations (such as JAM) in resource–poor communities should be directed as effectively as possible to meet the needs of middle–childhood children. / http://hdl.handle.net//10394/7006 / Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

In South Africa there are great polarities in terms of needs in resource–poor communities versus communities with available resources. This is evident during visits to Sir Lowry's Pass Village and when available statistics on trends in the community are taken into account. A potentially valuable resource in resource–poor communities is outreach programmes by a faith–based organisation (FBO) such as Jabulani Africa Ministries (JAM). JAM is a Christian FBO with a strong community focus. This study focuses on the resource–poor community of Sir Lowry's Pass Village, situated in the Helderberg Basin in the Western Cape. Sir Lowry's Pass Village is just one of a few resource–poor communities to whom JAM reaches out on a weekly basis since through their outreach programme aimed at middle–childhood children. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the content of this outreach programme of JAM in Sir Lowry's Pass Village aimed at middle–childhood children in order to provide guidelines to more specifically target the needs of the particular group of children. Data were collected from various sources according to principles of participatory action research. Data were organised through thematic data analysis to identify themes. Two core themes emerged; one theme is a mutual lack of understanding of the broader field by JAM members and the target of their interventions, middle–childhood children. The other theme centred on the moral value system of the particular group of children. The central theoretical argument of this study is that outreach programmes by faith–based organisations (such as JAM) in resource–poor communities should be directed as effectively as possible to meet the needs of middle–childhood children. / http://hdl.handle.net//10394/7006 / Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

The thesis compares two educational systems: the Salesian preventive system of John Bosco and Scouting. It presents the personality of the founders, than characterizes the recipients, mission, principles, aims, methods and tools of these educational systems. This comparison focuses on the moral values, virtues and value attitudes advenced by the systems. The thesis looks for elements which the two education systems sharediffer in and attempts to highlight those elements which could be mutually inspirative in the pursuit of the ideal of integral education of a young person.