Torito es una aplicación que busca combatir la constante informalidad en los servicios de transporte en Lima al invitar a los conductores, que buscan generar ingresos adicionales, a un trabajo formal; y a usuarios, que requieran movilizarse en cortas distancias, a un servicio de transporte seguro y confiable Torito cobrará a los conductores suscritos una comisión del 20%, la cual se efectuará del precio total del servicio de traslado. En una primera etapa, Torito estará disponible en San Juan de Miraflores, con un plan de expansión para los próximos 5 años, que abarca los distritos de Lima Sur y Lima Este. Este servicio es totalmente posible, ya que está alineado a las necesidades de los clientes que usan diariamente el servicio de mototaxi para acercarlos a los paraderos, centros de trabajo y a otros destinos. Finalmente, en el análisis financiero, se demostró que Torito es un negocio viable y rentable, debido a que la Tasa Interna de Retorno es de 24.21%, que significa que Torito generará valor a sus inversionistas. Además, se podrá recuperar la inversión en un plazo máximo de 4 años. / Torito is an application that seeks to combat the constant informality in transportation services in Lima by inviting both drivers, who seek to generate additional income, to a formal job; and customers, who need to move around short distances, to a safe and reliable transportation service. Torito will charge subscribed drivers a 20% commission, which will be taken from the service fee. In a first stage, Torito will be available in San Juan de Miraflores, with an expansion plan for the next 5 years, covering the districts of southern Lima and eastern Lima. This service is totally possible, since it is aligned to the needs of the customers who use the motorcycle taxi service daily to bring them closer to the bus stops, work centers and other destinations. Finally, in the financial analysis, it was shown that Torito is a viable and profitable business, since the Internal Rate of Return is 24.21%, which means that Torito will generate value for its investors. In addition, the investment can be recovered within a maximum period of 4 years. / Trabajo de investigación

Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-10-29T15:12:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Anderson Lincoln Vital da Silva.pdf: 1757161 bytes, checksum: be3dfc309aa1540f341d401b53628c48 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-11-05T18:55:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Anderson Lincoln Vital da Silva.pdf: 1757161 bytes, checksum: be3dfc309aa1540f341d401b53628c48 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-11-05T19:20:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Anderson Lincoln Vital da Silva.pdf: 1757161 bytes, checksum: be3dfc309aa1540f341d401b53628c48 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-05T19:20:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Anderson Lincoln Vital da Silva.pdf: 1757161 bytes, checksum: be3dfc309aa1540f341d401b53628c48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-13 / Não informada / This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of motorcycle taxi drivers in the city of Manaus - AM on environmental health and the risks of their continued exposure to environmental elements. The research sought to describe the socioeconomic profile of these workers enabling discuss the relationship between town and work while conditioning the income and working conditions and also highlights the subjectivities in relation to environmental health through daily activities. The motorcycle taxi drivers express their perceptions of environmental risks and psychosocial health relating to the performance of its functions and raise environmental protection measures that these workers consider necessary. The interviewed were workers linked to the Cooperative of Manaus City motorcycle taxi drivers with at least two years of qualification in the respective category. Information was obtained from semi-structured interview that was applied to 25 workers (all men) in their operations bases (standby local users). Information were analyzed according to the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin (1997). The results show that participants are young adults, mostly in the age group 20-40 years old, completed high school, single, however they have children. About working hours, 64% of these, has a journey of up to twelve hours a day, as a salary of approximately R$ 2,000.00 monthly, and despite the legal requirement of their contribution to the INSS, only 20% of them make the contribution. To exercise the profession, they have to have a list of equipment required by law, but usually the only thing they have is the helmet; this increases the risk of their activity, not only for themselves and also the lives of their passengers, because they do prohibited maneuvers to save time. Due to their work conditions, streets, traffic, are exposed to an extensive working hours, alternating climate, fatigue and violence on traffic. So, despite recognizing the advantages of self-employment (freedom of hierarchical authority, daily financial gain, low investment on your motorcycle), they do not indicate this profession for their children. However, they realize that “mototaxismo” activity is a consequence of socioeconomic status because of unemployment, low education, and also the low investment to acquire the motorcycle; leading to many people to became motorcycle taxi drivers to provide for themselves, despite the risks inherent in it. / O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar as percepções dos mototaxistas na cidade de Manaus-AM em relação à saúde ambiental e aos riscos a partir do seu trabalho de exposição constante às intempéries ambientais. A pesquisa buscou delinear o perfil socioeconômico desses trabalhadores, possibilitando discutir a relação cidade e trabalho, enquanto condicionantes à renda e condições laborais além de evidenciar as subjetivações em relação à saúde ambiental a partir das atividades cotidianas. De modo especial, os mototaxistas expressam suas percepções sobre riscos ambientais e saúde psicossocial relacionando ao desempenho de suas funções, e suscitam medidas de proteção socioambiental que esses trabalhadores consideram necessárias. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram trabalhadores vinculados à Cooperativa dos Mototaxistas da Cidade de Manaus com no mínimo dois anos de habilitação na respectiva categoria. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de entrevista semiestruturada que foi aplicada a 25 trabalhadores (todos homens) em suas bases de atuação (locais de espera dos usuários). Os dados foram analisados segundo a técnica da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1997). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os participantes são adultos jovens, em sua maioria, na faixa etária de 20 a 40 anos de idade, com ensino médio completo, solteiros, porém com filhos. Quanto à jornada de trabalho, 64% destes têm uma jornada de até doze horas diárias, para obter um ganho na faixa de R$ 2.000,00 mensais, e apesar da exigência legal de sua contribuição para o INSS, apenas 20% destes o fazem. No exercício de sua profissão, são exigidos equipamentos obrigatórios, porém o único que todos eles possuem é o capacete; o que aumenta o risco de sua atividade, não somente para si e seus passageiros, pois realizam manobras arriscadas no trânsito para ganhar tempo. Devido às condições de seu trabalho, as ruas e o trânsito, são expostos a uma extensa jornada de trabalho, alternância climática, fadiga e violência do trânsito. Por isso, apesar de reconhecerem as vantagens do trabalho autônomo (liberdade de autoridade hierárquica, ganho financeiro diário, baixo investimento em sua motocicleta), não indicariam esta profissão para seus filhos. Deste modo, percebem que a atividade do mototaxismo é consequência da situação socioeconômica marcada pelo desemprego, baixa escolaridade, aliada ao baixo investimento para aquisição da motocicleta; a qual levou a vislumbrarem nesta profissão o meio para sustento próprio, apesar dos riscos inerentes a ela.

Les transports artisanaux servent souvent à combler un vide laissé par les transports publics (organisés par l’État) dans les pays du Sud global. En prenant le cas de Hanoi (Vietnam), ce mémoire aborde le rôle de la mototaxi dans les habitudes de mobilité, ainsi que son potentiel à agir comme complément modal au transport public actuel et à venir. Cette recherche met en exergue la relation entre transport public et mototaxi, basée sur des observations directes, des entretiens et une enquête auprès d’usagers du transport public. On y découvre que les usagers du transport public ne les intègrent que sporadiquement à leurs pratiques intermodales et multimodales, en raison de prix trop élevés et de manquement à la sécurité. Parallèlement, des compagnies de mototaxi, récemment fondées et qui promettent des services plus sécuritaires et une tarification claire (grâce à l’utilisation de compteurs), prospèrent à Hanoi, alors que les mototaxis indépendantes voient leur clientèle diminuer. Ces compagnies doivent leur succès à leur capacité à offrir des services bien adaptés aux conditions locales (rues étroites, circulation dense, etc.) et aux besoins des hanoiens (en terme de sécurité, notamment) et ouvrent de nouvelles opportunités dans les pratiques intermodales et multimodales. / Informal transport often fill a gap left unfilled by formal transport in many cities of the Global South. Using the case of Hanoi (Vietnam), this thesis explores the role played by mototaxis in the urban mobility behaviors as well as its potential to complement formal public transit. This research sheds light on the relationship between public transit (formal) and mototaxi (informal), based on direct observations, interviews and a transit user survey. We find that public transit users only sporadically integrate them in intermodal and multimodal journeys. This is due to negative perceptions regarding safety and cost of mototaxi services and feelings of being swindled on the price. We further find that as freelance mototaxi drivers are seeing their market decrease, newly established mototaxi companies (promising safer services and using meters) thrive in Hanoi. These companies’ success (with both transit and non-transit users) is due to their ability to offer a service well adapted to local conditions (narrow streets, traffic jams, etc.) and to users’ needs with regard to mobility and safety. This innovation in informal transport calls for greater attention from planners and policy makers as is opens new opportunities to encourage intermodal and multimodal behaviours.

Las entidades públicas como las Municipalidades rurales se encuentran agobiadas por los diferentes desafíos a los cuales deben hacer frente a la ciudadanía. En este caso es la transparencia de información en la administración de control de sanciones de los vehículos menores (Mototaxis). El principal problema que existe es que al no contar con un sistema informático que permita administrar el control de sanciones, existen deficiencias en la administración como: pérdidas de información, informalidad administrativa, pérdida de tiempos en registros y consultas de infracciones. Para este problema se ha investigado en diferentes Municipales rurales las cuales aún no cuentan con un control eficiente para la administración de infracciones; en consecuencia, existen ciertas inquietudes de parte de los propietarios de los vehículos menores por no contar con una información transparente y concisa frente a las infracciones impuestas por parte de los inspectores municipales. Sin embargo, una conclusión importante es que este proyecto de investigación podrá mejorar la administración de sanciones en los vehículos menores, reducir la delincuencia en las calles (secuestro), la informalidad vial vehicular, la mejora de servicios hacia los ciudadanos y la recaudación de ingresos para la municipalidad; teniendo como principales beneficiaros la Municipalidad de Santa Eulalia, los propietarios de los vehículos menores y la población del distrito. Public entities such as rural municipalities are overwhelmed by the different challenges that are facing the public. Here is information transparency in the administration control sanctions smaller vehicles (Mototaxis). The main problem is that there does not have a computerized system to manage the control of sanctions, deficiencies in the administration as loss of information, administrative informality, loss of records and consultations in times of infringements. For this problem it has been investigated in different rural Municipal which do not yet have an efficient management control violations; consequently, there are some concerns on the part of the owners of small vehicles for not having a clear and concise imposed against infringements by the municipal inspectors information. However, an important conclusion is that this research project will improve the administration of sanctions on smaller vehicles, reducing street crime (kidnapping), the vehicular traffic informality, improving services to citizens and revenue collection for the municipality; having as main beneficiaries the Municipality of Santa Eulalia, the owners of small vehicles and the district's population.