This dissertation presents an analysis of two aspects of the chromatographic separation process known as Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) chromatography. The first aspect is system design, and the second is improving computer simulations to generate heuristics for choosing operational modes. For the past 15-20 years, there has been a surge of interest in the use of Simulated Moving Bed systems for the chromatographic separation of chemicals¹. A wide variety of methods, nomenclatures, and conventions have been adopted over the years²⁻⁴, as teams from different backgrounds adopt and improve on the SMB technology. This work presents a unifying discussion of the two major design methods, Triangle Theory and Standing Wave Design, used in the SMB field. We provide the complete computer code required to execute both design methods. A sample problem is worked, which demonstrates the novelty and ease of use that such tools provide. Mathematica was chosen for the implementation of these design methods, because of its strong symbolic analysis capabilities, and simplicity of creating interfaces for new users. We present derivations of the classic Langmuir results in Mathematica, and proceed to extend those implementations. When analytic solutions are impossible, we use Mathematica's numerical methods. This work also develops a distributed computing tool known as ChromRunner which allows large numbers of detailed numerical simulations to be run simultaneously. The motivations and benefits of this approach are discussed alongside implementation details. We apply the distributed computing system to two separate SMB separations in order to optimize them, as well as determine heuristics governing their operational modes. We wrote ChromRunner in C#, and took advantage of Visual Studio's Entity Framework to create the database backend. The user interface for this software was created using Microsoft's "Windows Presentation Foundation" (WPF) technologies. / Ph. D.

The security of powerful systems and large networks is often addressed through complex defenses. While these types of defenses offer increased security, they are resource intensive and therefore impractical to implement on many new classes of networked systems, such as mobile phones and small, embedded network infrastructure devices. To provide security for these systems, new defenses must be created that provide highly efficient security. The Moving Target IPv6 Defense (MT6D) is a network layer moving target defense that dynamically changes Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) addresses mid-session while still maintaining continuous communication. MT6D was originally written in Python language, but this implementation suffers from severe performance limitations. By translating MT6D from Python to C and taking advantage of operating system specific application programming interfaces (APIs) and optimizations, MT6D can become a viable defense for resource constrained systems. The Python version of MT6D is analyzed initially to determine what functions might be performance bottlenecks that could be performed more efficiently using C. Based on this analysis, specific parts of the Python version are identified for improvement in the C version by either using functionality of the Linux kernel and network stack or by reworking the code in a more efficient way. After this analysis, the information gathered about the Python version is used to write the C version, using methods specific to a moving target defense to capture, analyze, modify, and tunnel packets. Finally, tests are designed and run to compare the performance of the Python and C versions. / Master of Science

One's way of travel dictates one's perception of the surroundings; People's mode of transportation has also evolved greatly throughout the ages. From foot traffic to carriages, to cars and trains, we tend to travel in faster paces, on increasingly linear paths, and with less freedom to wander. In my opinion, it is starting to become difficult to appeal to this emerging group of moving spectators with traditional ways of building. In my thesis, I explore ways to design buildings that focus on creating perspectival images for the moving spectators who are traveling on modern transportation. / Master of Architecture

Because of perceived deficiencies in the state of the practice of designing escalators and moving walkways, a microsimulation-based model of pedestrian behavior in these moving belt systems was created. In addition to implementing walking and stair climbing capabilities from existing pedestrian flow literature, the model utilized following behavior and lane change decision logic taken form studies performed in the field of automotive traffic flow theory. By combining research from these two normally independent fields with moving belt operational characteristics, a solid framework for the simulation was created. The model was then validated by comparing its operation to real world behaviors and performance metrics found in the literature in order to verify that the simulation matched the choices made by actual pedestrians. Once this crucial function had been completed, the model could finally be used in its original purpose of determining the capacity of a belt under region-specific input parameters. This paper also discusses other applications for which the model is suitable, including performing sensitivity analysis of both existing and proposed belt systems, analyzing the impacts of operational rule sets on the performance of escalators and moving walkways, and analyzing the effect of queue growth on the storage area needed for pedestrians in an ambulatory facility. Through the use of this model and the logic contained within it, engineers and planners will be able to gain a more accurate understanding of pedestrian flow on moving belts. The result of this increased understanding will be more effective and more efficient transportation systems. / Master of Science

An internet-based, real-time, Global Positioning System (GPS) ---synchronized relative to the wide-area frequency-monitoring network (FNET) ---has been developed at Virginia Tech. In this FNET system, an algorithm that employs the relationship between phasor angles and deviated frequency [13] is used to calculate both frequency and its rate of change. Tests of the algorithm disclose that, for non-pure sinusoidal input (as compared to pure sinusoidal input), significant errors in the output frequency will result. Three approaches for increasing the accuracy of the output frequency were compared. The first---increasing the number of samples per cycle N---proved ineffective. The second---using the average of the first estimated frequencies rather than the instant first estimated frequency as the resampling frequency---produces a moderate increase in accuracy of the frequency estimation. The third---multiple resampling---significantly increased accuracy. But both the second and the third become ineffective to the extent the input is not pure sinusoidal. From a practical standpoint, attention needs to be paid toward eliminating noise in the input data from the power grid so as to make it more purely sinusoidal. Therefore, it will be worthwhile to test more sophisticated digital filters for processing the input data before feeding it to the algorithm. / Master of Science

Vertical alliances are an increasingly common form of organization for participants in the beef industry. The implications of combining feeding and packing margins into one alliance are investigated. Moving average based selective hedging strategies are used to hedge the major inputs and outputs for cattle owners and packers to improve the level of mean revenue to the alliance. The success of the hedging program is evaluated from mean-variance and cash-flow perspectives. / Master of Science

A large-scale moving end-wall system has been designed and built at the Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department of Virginia Tech. This system forms part of a low-speed linear compressor cascade wind tunnel, where it is used to simulate the effects of the relative motion between the blade tips and casing upon the flow. Detailed 4-sensor hot wire measurements were made at various locations downstream the cascade. The results are presented in term of mean flow field and turbulence flow field. In order to reveal the effects of moving end wall, the results also compared with the results obtained with stationary end wall. / Master of Science

Title: Compensation of moving system by football players Objectives: The aim of this work was detect muscle imbalances on fotball player's foots. By all the players was founded moving stereotype of hip extension too. Methods: In this thesis we used the methods of posttest with consecutive imperativ preexperiment. Obtained results of muscles imbalances and hip extension we comparated with results after two months ongoing compensation program. We detected effect of moving compensation program by the Cohen "effect size". We rated changes of muscles imbalances and hip enxtension. To obtaining results we used methods of dr. Janda. Results: After 2 moths long compensation moving program it got by the testing football players to positive changes on theirs muscle imbalances. Moving stereotyp of hip extension and size of testing muscles was after compensation moving program better. Compensation moving program was demonstrably effective. Keywords: moving stereotyp, compensation program, moving systém, muscle imbalances

Neste trabalho estudamos a questão de simetria de soluções positivas de equações e sistemas de equações diferenciais parciais. Descrevemos em detalhe a demonstração de dois resultados sobre simetria radial, um para equações em domínios limitados e outro para sistemas de equações no espaço todo. Ambas as demonstrações baseiam-se no método dos moving planes. Em seguida aplicamos um dos resultados mencionados acima para a equação de Choquard. / In this work we study the question of symmetry for positive solutions of equations and systems of partial differential equations. We describe in detail the proof of two results on radial symmetry, one for equations in bounded domains and the other for systems of equations in the whole space. Both proofs are based on the method of moving planes. We apply one of the results mentioned above for the Choquards equation.

IS-LM methodology was not developed by Hicks alone. Hicks, together with Harrod and Meade jointly contributed to the idea of general equilibrium analysis of products and money markets which were separated treated by Keynes in his General Theory. In order to honor the contribution of the other two economists, we suggested that Hicksian IS-LM framework be renamed Harrod-Hicks-Meade IS-LM model. In IS-LM graphical analysis, the slopes of IS-LM curves and the effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policy are closed related. This thesis has surveyed domestic¡]in Chinese¡^and international¡]in English¡^economics textbooks thoroughly on this matter and discovered that the mistakes are often made or not even mentioned at all. The slope of LM¡]IS¡^curve is determined by interest rate factor , Li¡]Ii¡^and income factor, Ly¡]Cy¡^. If the interest rate factor causes the slopes of two LM¡]IS¡^curves to differ, the expansionary monetary¡]fiscal¡^policy will make LM¡]IS¡^curves horizontal shift to the right. As a result, monetary¡]fiscal¡^policy will be more effective if the LM¡]IS¡^curve is steeper. On the contrary, if the income factor is the cause of the different slopes, the same policy will make LM¡]IS¡^curves shift right vertically. Monetary¡]fiscal¡^policy will be more effective if the LM¡]IS¡^curve is flatter . Once Pigou Effect is present, the aggregate demand curve will become flatter. As a result, monetary¡]fiscal¡^ policy is more¡]less¡^effective than without. Hence, monetary policy is relatively more effective than fiscal policy. In general, a policy-induced shift of aggregate demand curve can¡¦t adopt the horizontal moving method, specifically, for monetary policy, we have to adopt the vertical moving method. As for fiscal policy, the vertical moving method should be adopted , if and only if the income factor causes the different slopes of aggregate demand curves. Neither horizontal nor vertical shift in aggregate demand can be taken for the case when interest rate is the reason leading to the different slopes of aggregate demand curves.