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Commande coopérative des systèmes monoconvertisseurs multimachines synchrones / Cooperative control of Mono inverter-Multi parallel PMSM systemBidart, Damien 01 June 2011 (has links)
Afin de rendre les machines synchrones à aimants permanents plus attractives pour l'aéronautique (actionneurs de commande de vol, systèmes de freinage, train d'atterrissage ...), il peut être intéressant de réduire le nombre de modules d'électronique de puissance utilisés en les mutualisant. De nombreuses études ont été réalisées pour des systèmes composés de plusieurs machines asynchrones et principalement en traction ferroviaire, mais peu concernent les machines synchrones. Après avoir étudié différentes structures envisageables, les travaux développés lors de cette thèse présentent une étude originale d'un système composé de deux machines synchrones à aimants permanents connectées en parallèle sur un onduleur unique mutualisé. Ces machines ont des caractéristiques identiques ou proches et doivent être pilotées à la même vitesse. La structure de commande retenue lors de cette thèse est de type maître-esclave: seule une des deux machines est autopilotée (la machine maître), l'autre (la machine esclave) fonctionnant en boucle ouverte. Afin d'assurer la stabilité d'un tel système, le synchronisme des deux moteurs doit toujours être respecté. Une stratégie de commande, qui choisit quel est le moteur maître, en prenant en compte la variation des paramètres internes et externes du système, est alors instaurée. Dans ces conditions, les évolutions théoriques des différentes variables sont déterminées. Pour valider ces résultats, un processus expérimental est mis en place. Les nombreux résultats obtenus en simulation et expérimentalement permettent alors de confirmer les résultats théoriques: que ce soient les paramètres mécaniques ou électriques qui varient, la stabilité du système est toujours garantie. Le cas supplémentaire où les deux machines déplacent une charge mécanique commune avec une liaison mécanique rigide entre les deux machines, est finalement développé. Une autre stratégie de commande, dont la structure et les résultats sont également présentés dans cette thèse, est alors nécessaire. / To make permanent magnet synchronous machines more attractive for aerospace (flight control actuators, braking systems, landing gear ...), it may be advantageous to reduce the number of power electronic modules used in the pooling. Many studies have been performed for systems composed of several machines and asynchronous traction primarily, but little concern synchronous machines. After considering various possible structures, this Ph.D. thesis presents an original study of a system consisting of two permanent magnet synchronous machines connected in parallel on a single shared inverter. These machines have characteristics identical or similar and must be driven at the same speed. The control structure chosen in this Ph.D. thesis is a master-slave : only one machine, called master machine is self-piloted, the other (the slave machine) operating in open loop. To ensure the stability of such a system, the timing of the two engines should always be respected. A control strategy, which selects which is the master motor, taking into account the variation of internal and external parameters of the system is then introduced. Under these conditions, the theoretical developments of the different variables are determined. To validate these results, an experimental process is established. The numerous results obtained in simulation and experiments are then used to confirm the theoretical results : whatever the mechanical or electrical parameters variation, system stability is always guaranteed. The additional case, when both machines move a mechanical load with a common rigid mechanical connection between two machines, is finally developed. Another required control strategy, the structure and the results are also presented in this Ph.D. thesis.
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Estudos de desempenho dinâmico de geradores síncronos de produtores independentes em sistemas de geração distribuída via ATPDraw / Dynamic performance studies of synchronous generators of independent producers in distributed generation systems via ATPDrawPeres, Larissa Marques 19 July 2013 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work aims to analyze the dynamic performance of a synchronous
generator and its controls in a distributed generation system, as well as evaluate
the impacts of its operation when connected to the distribution grid, using for
this task the ATPDraw interface/tool of software ATP.
Within this context, it is firstly necessary to obtain suitable models to
represent the synchronous machine control systems (voltage regulator, speed
governor and stabilizer system) in ATPDraw.
Furthermore, for stability analysis, it is developed a mathematical
technique to calculate the machine power angle which is represented in
ATPDraw by a device (icon).
The adjustments of voltage and speed control system parameters are
performed by some adopted procedures which are verified using two electric
systems: the first one with a synchronous generator connected to the distribution
grid; and the second with three distinct generators forming a multimachine
system. In these systems some disturbances are applied such as load shedding
and short-circuit to accomplish the studies.
Finally, with the previous results, it is carried out some dynamic
performance studies of a synchronous generator of an independent producer
connected to a distribution grid so as to assess aspects of power quality (voltage
magnitude), stability and to evaluate the influence of machine controls during
the system response for a given load shedding. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o desempenho dinâmico de um
gerador síncrono e seus controles, num sistema de geração distribuída, assim
como avaliar os impactos causados por este quando da sua operação conectado
às redes de distribuição, utilizando a interface ATPDraw do software ATP.
Neste contexto, é primeiramente necessário obter modelos adequados para
representar os sistemas de controle da máquina síncrona (regulador de tensão e
regulador de velocidade e estabilizador do sistema) no ATPDraw.
Além disso, para análise de estabilidade é desenvolvido uma técnica
matemática para o cálculo do ângulo de potência da máquina a qual é
representada no ATPDraw por um dispositivo (ícone).
Para ajustar os parâmetros dos sistemas de controle de tensão e de
velocidade são apresentados alguns procedimentos adotados, sendo estes
verificados por meio de dois sistemas elétricos: o primeiro com um gerador
síncrono conectado a uma rede de distribuição; e o segundo composto por três
geradores distintos formando um sistema multimáquinas. Nesses sistemas são
aplicados distúrbios do tipo rejeição de carga e curto-circuito para realização dos
estudos.
Finalmente, com os resultados obtidos anteriormente, são realizados
estudos do desempenho dinâmico de um gerador síncrono de um produtor
independente, conectado a rede de distribuição, para avaliar aspectos de
qualidade de energia (magnitude de tensão), de estabilidade e verificar as
influências dos controles da máquina durante a resposta do sistema para uma
dada rejeição de carga. / Mestre em Ciências
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