A internacionalização das atividades de P&D permite às empresas multinacionais, dentre outras, acesso à tecnologia, que não seria obtida apenas com atuação no país de origem da companhia. Essa possibilidade pode promover uma maior capacidade de exploração do conhecimento tecnológico, podendo vir a se tornar uma plataforma de desenvolvimento de capacidades dinâmicas. O presente trabalho busca analisar como a internacionalização de P&D contribui para o desenvolvimento dos aspectos da capacidade dinâmica, tendo em vista que os elementos que a compõem podem ser mais facilmente alcançados com a dispersão de subsidiárias de P&D pelo mundo, garantindo, assim, maiores possibilidades de detecção de novas oportunidades mercadológicas e tecnológicas, melhores condições de aproveitamento e gestão adequada de mudanças do ambiente. Quanto à amplitude teórica, compreendem estudos relacionados a estruturas de internacionalização da atividade de P&D, como motivadores e coordenação de P&D e sua relação como os pressupostos inerentes ao desenvolvimento de capacidade dinâmica. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos foram adotadas a abordagem qualitativa exploratória, com análise de estudos de caso em empresas multinacionais brasileiras que possuem subsidiárias de P&D internacionalizadas. Com a pesquisa concluiu-se que a internacionalização de P&D motivada para aumento do conhecimento e com estrutura de coordenação de P&D descentralizadas e integradas influencia fortemente no desenvolvimento da capacidade dinâmica. / The internationalization of R & D allows multinational companies, among others, access technology, which would not be obtained only with operations in the home country of the company. This possibility can promote a greater ability to explore technological knowledge and could become a platform for the development of dynamic capabilities. This study aims to analyze how the internationalization of R & D contributes to the development of aspects of dynamic capability, given that the elements that make up the dynamic capability can be more easily achieved with R & D subsidiaries overseas, thus ensuring greater detection of possibilities of new technological and market opportunities, better utilization and proper management of environmental changes. Regarding the theoretical breadth, this work includes studies related to structures for internationalization activity of R&D, as well as the assumptions inherent in the development of dynamic capability. Regarding to the methodological procedures, exploratory qualitative approach will be adopted, through analyzing of case studies in Brazilian multinational companies that have R&D internationalized. Through research it was concluded that the internationalization of R&D motivated to increase knowledge and with decentralized and integrated coordination structure of R&D, influences strongly the development of dynamic capability.

The topic of high performance workplace practices and their impact on organizational performance has been extensively researched in US and UK. Increasingly evidence with regard to diffusion of high performance workplace practices is emerging from fast developing Asian economies. However, very little is known about the state of diffusion of high performance workplace practices in Pakistan, a South Asian economy on route to industrialization. This study attempts to explore the diffusion of high performance workplace practices among the multinational and local firms in the important industrial sectors of banking, information technology and pharmaceutical in Pakistan that are characterized by high level of inward foreign direct investment. Recently the Pakistani Government has passed laws to encourage greater use of HPWS practices amongst domestic firms. This study compares the prevalence of HPWS practices in domestic firms to that in multinationals. MNCs are chosen as a competitor because they have been seen as being at forefront of HPWS use. First of all, the study explored an overall diffusion of high performance workplace practices in Pakistan and determined the state of differences with regard to diffusion of the practices between the establishments of multinational and local firms. Secondly, the study further explored the differences by taking into account the role of control variables such as age, size, percentage of non-managerial employees and nature of business at the establishment. The most important argument underpinning the high performance paradigm is that practices have substantial impact on human resource and performance outcomes of a firm. Thus the third objective of the study was to test and report the association of individual practices with various performance outcomes for a sample of local firms in Pakistan. The study observed whether such claims are valid for the local Pakistani establishments that implement such practices in hope of achieving better performance outcomes. The study found that a number of practices had a consistent and significant association with various performance outcomes across the industrial sectors in Pakistan. The results of the study suggest that latest innovations in human resource management in advanced industrial economies have fast spread among establishments in Pakistan. Moreover the results also suggest that arguments of high performance theory, in particular the universalistic/ best practice model hold ground when it comes to the diffusion of such practices in developing economies such as Pakistan with some caveats.

The role of business actors in resource extraction in developing countries is an understudied topic of research for development studies. The framework of valuation languages and socio-environmental conflicts is useful for studying the values of actors involved in conflicts concerning resource extraction, but previous studies do not sufficiently discuss how to measure the concept. This thesis investigates which values are expressed by Vattenfall, a Swedish state-owned company, in relation to the extraction of coal that it purchases from Colombia. To do this, the thesis draws on qualitative analysis of ideas to construct an analytical tool aimed at making valuation languages more measurable and applies it to the case of Vattenfall. The thesis finds that Vattenfall expresses a wide range of monetary and non-monetary values, but this is not sufficient to say that it uses any particular valuation language. Moreover, the company views environmental conflicts as solvable within the single standard of monetary valuation and ignores power asymmetries. The analytical tool is found to be insufficient for identifying valuation languages on its own, but successful in making them more measurable.

No description available.

No / This paper employs the concept of power geometries that has been applied in analyses of today¿s corporate elite and the globalisation of the economy to explore the networks of an economic actor who ran British multinational companies in the early 1930s. By focusing on the contacts engendered by the Bank of England director who was appointed in 1931 as the 30th governor of the Hudson¿s Bay Company in order to rescue this most emblematic of imperial trading companies, we examine not only the architecture of the web of connections within which both the company and its governor were embedded, but also the ways in which channels of interaction and communication were actually used. We show that while structural analyses of multiple and interlocking directorships offer a useful initial means of understanding power geometries, more detailed, `thick description¿ approaches, based on archival material, reveal that not all apparent links were active and, in the case of the early-20th century multinational elite, networks appear to have embraced a much broader array of contacts. These extended in both social and geographical space well beyond the corporate boardrooms of London.

No / This study examines whether German multinationals operating in an Anglo-Saxon setting design their employee relations primarily on the German or the Anglo-Saxon model. The authors¿ cross-sectional comparison with UK-owned firms provides no evidence of a transfer of the current German approach but does point to a distinctive Germanic version of the `high-road¿ variant of the Anglo-Saxon approach. Intra-German analysis shows that this is most pronounced among the types of subsidiaries that are particularly significant for disseminating employment relations innovations across the multinational, but that these also have the highest incidence of collective arrangements and the lowest incidence of the `low-road¿ variant of the Anglo-Saxon approach. In the light of recent reforms in the German industrial relations system, the findings point to an emerging new flexible collective approach with a comprehensive direct employee involvement dimension.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Esta pesquisa investigou quatro empresas multinacionais brasileiras em busca de suas práticas na gestão do portfólio de projetos de novos produtos. Por meio de um estudo multicaso, a pesquisa abrangeu diversos aspectos dessa gestão, tais como estratégia para novos produtos e tecnologias; mecanismos de identificação de oportunidades e fontes de idéias para novos produtos; estrutura e recursos de engenharia e P&D; técnicas preferidas para análise, seleção e priorização de projetos; mecanismos de acompanhamento no desenvolvimento dos novos produtos e revisão do portfólio. Um conjunto de práticas de gestão foi identificado e comparado a quatro modelos teóricos, o que levou à conclusão que as empresas gerenciam seu portfólio de forma heterogênea. Mesmo assim, tais práticas produzem como resultado final uma importante vantagem competitiva e podem auxiliar outras empresas na busca pela excelência na gestão da inovação por meio da gestão do seu portfólio de projetos de novos produtos. Ainda que não seja possível generalizar as conclusões acerca dos casos, os resultados apontam diversas intersecções entre as práticas encontradas nas empresas e os modelos teóricos, convergindo para um conjunto comum de práticas gerenciais que podem favorecer o desempenho de outras organizações, além de contribuir com subsídios para futuras pesquisas. / This research has investigated four Brazilian multinational companies looking for their most used practices in managing their portfolio of new product projects. To accomplish this goal, a multi-case study was undertaken. Several aspects of the new products portfolio management were explored, such as product innovation strategy; R&D structure and resources; opportunities seizing mechanisms and sources for new product ideas; preferred project evaluation and selection techniques; decision makers\' preferences and profiles; new product development measures and portfolio periodic revision. Based on this investigation, a set of practices was identified and compared to four theoretical models. It was found that the companies manage their portfolio in heterogeneous ways. However, such practices contribute to the overall innovation in the companies and produce a substantial competitive advantage. Indeed, such practices can also help other companies in achieving new products portfolio management excellence. Although the conclusions that followed through can not be generalized to a management model, the results can substantially aid other companies in leveraging their portfolio management performance and also be a relevant contribution for future research.

Submitted by Odilio Hilario Moreira Júnior (odilio@espm.br) on 2016-11-29T13:38:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Vouga Chueke.pdf: 825689 bytes, checksum: 64d1ae02b5330a8522c1bc2c76a53cd8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Odilio Hilario Moreira Júnior (odilio@espm.br) on 2016-11-29T13:38:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Vouga Chueke.pdf: 825689 bytes, checksum: 64d1ae02b5330a8522c1bc2c76a53cd8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Debora Cristina Bonfim Aquarone (deborabonfim@espm.br) on 2016-11-29T13:51:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Vouga Chueke.pdf: 825689 bytes, checksum: 64d1ae02b5330a8522c1bc2c76a53cd8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-29T13:52:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Vouga Chueke.pdf: 825689 bytes, checksum: 64d1ae02b5330a8522c1bc2c76a53cd8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / The purpose of this master thesis is to identify the factors influencing Brazilian multinationals enterprises‟ choice between acquisition and Greenfield investment - establishment mode choice. To reach this goal, we proposed a multilevel framework to investigate the relationship of firm, industry and host country (formal and informal institutions) factors on the establishment mode choice. The concepts behind the framework come from the Transaction Cost Theory and Institutional Theory. The methodology adopted is quantitative with an exploratory approach. Different sources of information are used to compose the database. For the analysis, we used the multivariate technique of binomial logistic regression. The sample of the study is composed of 129 Brazilians subsidiaries in 30 countries. The results show that formal and informal institutions have a different relationship regarding the entry mode strategy. Moreover, the results suggest a possible association between entry by acquisition, and factors related to the firm-level and formal institution. The Greenfield investments should be related with informal institution and the industry-level factors. / O objetivo desta dissertação consiste em identificar os fatores que influenciam na escolha dos establishment mode choice - escolha entre ingressar no exterior por meio de aquisições e investimentos greenfield. Para o alcance deste objetivo foi elaborado um modelo analítico multinível, que buscou identificar a influência dos fatores associados à firma, à indústria e ao país-anfitrião nesse processo de escolha estratégica. A elaboração do modelo analítico teve como base a adoção de conceitos pertencentes à Teoria dos Custos de Transação e à Teoria Institucional. Como metodologia de pesquisa adotou-se a abordagem quantitativa-descritiva, de caráter exploratório. Os dados do estudo foram coletados através de diversas fontes secundárias e analisados através da técnica estatística multivariada de regressão binomial logística. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 129 subsidiárias de empresas brasileiras presentes em 30 países. Os resultados da investigação indicam que as instituições formais e informais poderiam estar relacionadas, de diferentes formas, com o modo de entrada escolhido pelas multinacionais brasileiras. Além disso, sugerem que existiria uma possível associação entre a entrada por meio de aquisição e os fatores relacionados à firma e às instituições formais. E, que os investimentos greenfield estariam associados às instituições informais e ao setor de atuação da firma.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-07-10T17:56:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronald Tavares Pires da Silva.pdf: 1883129 bytes, checksum: 0768f9e3b1ed6c8014d5ad465c843ec8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-10T17:56:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronald Tavares Pires da Silva.pdf: 1883129 bytes, checksum: 0768f9e3b1ed6c8014d5ad465c843ec8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Nenhuma / Os trabalhos sobre estratégias de internacionalização e operações internacionais em cadeias de commodities são necessários e oportunos no momento em que as economias consolidadas e emergentes buscam por alternativas para expandir seus negócios em diferentes regiões do mundo. O presente trabalho teve como foco de análise avaliar as relações existentes entre as estratégias de internacionalização e decisões de estratégias de operações de empresas multinacionais, na cadeia de commodities, especificamente na soja do Brasil, no Estado de Mato Grosso. Buscou-se, em termos específicos, descrever as estratégias de internacionalização adotadas pelas multinacionais em países emergentes como o Brasil, analisar as características dos tipos das categorias de decisão das estratégias de operações internacionais, praticadas por essas corporações globais e verificar as relações existentes entre estratégias de internacionalização e operações internacionais na cadeia da soja brasileira. Entrevistaram-se dois CEO das duas maiores multinacionais do segmento do agronegócio mundial, em suas unidades localizadas na região do Centro-Oeste, no Estado de Mato Grosso e nos escritórios centrais em São Paulo (SP). Ainda se visitaram in loco três unidades de operações dessas empresas, para a compreensão das atividades desenvolvidas na cadeia da soja. Neste estudo desenvolve-se modelo de análise de conteúdo, com uso do software N-vivo como apoio para dados qualitativos. Como principais resultados apontam para uma grande similaridade em estratégias de internacionalização e de operações pelas empresas investigadas, a marcante presença das mesmas na coordenação e configuração da cadeia de commodities (soja). / The papers about strategies of internationalization and international operations in commodities chains are necessary and timely at the time the emerging and consolidated economies search for alternatives to expand their businesses in different regions of the world. This paper had as an analysis focus evaluating the existing relations between the strategies of internationalization and decisions of operation strategies of international companies, in the commodity chain, specifically in the soybean from Brazil, in the state of Mato Grosso. It was aimed in specific terms, describe the strategies of internationalization adopted by the multinational companies in emerging countries as Brazil, analyze the characteristics of the decision categories of the international operations strategies, practiced by these global corporations and verify the existing relations between the strategies of internationalization and international operations in the Brazilian soybean chain. Two CEOs from the biggest multinational companies of the global agribusiness segment in their units located in the Midwest, in the state of Mato Grosso and at the central offices in São Paulo (SP) were interviewed. Three units of this company were visited in loco for the comprehension of the activities developed in the soybean chain. In this study the model of content analysis is developed, using the software N-vivo as a support to qualitative data. As the main results link to a great similarity in strategies of internationalization and of operations by the investigated companies, the striking presence of those in the coordination and configuration of the commodity (soybean) chain.