In recent years, music has become increasingly universal due to technological advances. All kinds of music have become more complex and a large amount around us. How recommending the music that user is interested in from a wide variety of music is the development intentions of the music recommendation system MRS (Music Recommendation System). In the recommending system, the most widely known is Content-based (CB) and Collaborative (COL). Chen et al. have proposed an alternative way that used CB and COL of music recommendation. The purpose of the CB method is to recommend the music objects that belong to the music groups the user is recently interested in. Each transaction is assigned a different weight, where the latest transaction has the highest weight. The preferences of users are derived from the access histories and recorded in profiles. Based on the collaborative approach, the purpose of the COL method is to provide unexpected findings due to the information sharing between relevant users. But in the CB method, the formula of computing music group weight pays much attention to the weight of the transaction. This will lead to the result that the group weight of music group B which appears once in the later transaction is larger than the group weight of the music group A which appears many times in the earlier transaction. In the COL method, they do not care the density of the group, where high density means that the transactions which the music group appears are close in the access history of the user. This will lead to the result that the supports of the groups which have different densities are the same, and then the users may be grouped together. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose the TICI (Transaction-Interest-Count-Interest) method to improve the CB method. Considering the two situations of the music group that user is interested in, the large count of music group and the appearance in the later transaction, we put two parameters: Count-Interest and Transaction-Interest in our TICI method to let users choose which weight they want to emphasize. Sometimes, people not only want the music object from one group. We extend the TICI method to find the group pair that the user is interested in. We use two thresholds: CountT and WeightT to decide which candidates can be in the large itemset. In our propose method, we have two possible ways to find the result. And we propose the DI (Density-Interest) method to improve the COL method. Our DI method calculates the supports of music groups and consider the distributions of appearances of the music group. From our simulation results, we show that our TICI method could provide better performance than the CB method. Moreover, our DI method also could provide better performance than the COL method.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-04-09T19:37:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRYW MARQUES RAMOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2014..pdf: 16053506 bytes, checksum: fdeece58c13c7b38ceb6c8b06f9d516b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-09T19:37:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRYW MARQUES RAMOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2014..pdf: 16053506 bytes, checksum: fdeece58c13c7b38ceb6c8b06f9d516b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-05 / Abuscapornovidadesmusicais,sejamelasmúsicas,álbunsouartistas,éumaspectocentral no hábito das pessoas quando se trata de música. E esta procura aumentou principalmente porcausadagrandequantidadedemúsicadisponívelecomfácilacessoproporcionadopelo avanço de tecnologias como Last.FM, Spotify, Youtube, Itunes, entre outros. Porém, devido a esta grande disponibilidade, nem sempre é fácil a descoberta de novidades que sejam relevantes. Para resolver este problema, muitos esforços foram elaborados. O presente trabalho tenta expandir estes esforços tratando a novidade de maneira multidimensional, de acordo com dois aspectos: familiaridade (o quanto o ouvinte conhece outras músicas/ artistas similares à novidade) e popularidade (o quão essa música / artista é conhecida pelos ouvintes em geral). Esta visão multidimensional da novidade é uma visão mais rica e pode aperfeiçoar ferramentas que dão suporte a descoberta de novidades para ouvintes, como sistemas de recomendação, sites, fóruns, etc. Desta maneira analisamos as preferências dos ouvintes por artistas com novidade (artistas que nunca foram escutados anteriormente pelo ouvinte) baseadas nestes dois aspectos. Para isso foi estudado os hábitos de escuta dos usuários do Last.FM, rede social musical que registra o que os usuários escutam. Os resultados sugerem que não existe uma preferência geral dos ouvintes po ralguma specto das novidades. Os ouvintes tendem a formar grupos baseados nas preferências pelos aspectos das novidades. Estes resultados sugerem um tratamento específico para estes grupos de ouvintes, como um sistema de recomendação que leve em conta estas preferências. Outro estudo realizado neste trabalho compara as preferências dos ouvintes pelos aspectos tanto dos artistas com novidade quanto dos artistas já conhecidos. Este estudo apontou que as preferências dos ouvintes para estes dois âmbitos são diferentes, onde os ouvintes tendem a formar grupos baseados nestas diferentes preferências. Este resultado implica que o âmbito das novidades e o âmbito do que já se conhece não deve ser tratado da mesma maneira. / The search for new music, e.g. songs tracks, albums or artists, is a central aspect in the people’s listening habit. And this pursuit increased because of the large amount of available music and the easy access provided by the advance of technologies like Last.FM, Sportify, Youtube, Itunes. However, due to this high music availability, it is not always easy to discover relevant novelties. This study attempts to expand the studies about music novelties by investigating how the music preferences of listeners are affected by two different aspects of novel artists: familiarity (how much the listener knows other artists similar to the novelty) and popularity (how this artist is known by listeners in general). The study supports this multidimensional view of novelty, which is a richer view and it enables the improvement of tools that support the discovery of music novelties for listeners, as recommender systems, websites,forums,etc. WecollectedandanalyzedhistoricaldatafromLast.fmusers,apopular online music discovery service. The results suggest that there is not a general preference for some aspect of novelty. Listeners tend to form groups based on the preferences for the novelty aspects. These results suggest a specific treatment for these groups of listeners, e.g., a recommendation system considering these preferences. Another study performed compares the listeners preferences by aspects of both novelty artists and artists already known. This study showed that the listeners preferences for these two spheres are different, where listeners tend to form groups based on these different preferences. This result implies that the scope of novelty and the scope of what is already known should not be treated the same way.

Recommendation systems make it easier for an individual to navigate through large datasets by recommending information relevant to the user. Companies such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Netflix, Amazon, Pandora, and others utilize these types of systems in order to increase revenue by providing personalized recommendations. Recommendation systems generally use one of the two techniques: collaborative filtering (i.e., collective intelligence) and content-based filtering. Systems using collaborative filtering recommend items based on a community of users, their preferences, and their browsing or shopping behavior. Examples include Netflix, Amazon shopping, and Last.fm. This approach has been proven effective due to increased popularity, and its accuracy improves as its pool of users expands. However, the weakness with this approach is the Cold Start problem. It is difficult to recommend items that are either brand new or have no user activity. Systems that use content-based filtering recommend items based on extracted information from the actual content. A popular example of this approach is Pandora Internet Radio. This approach overcomes the Cold Start problem. However, the main issue with this approach is its heavy demand on computational power. Also, the semantic meaning of an item may not be taken into account when producing recommendations. In this thesis, a hybrid approach is proposed by utilizing the strengths of both collaborative and content-based filtering techniques. As proof-of-concept, a hybrid music recommendation system was developed and evaluated by users. The results show that this system effectively tackles the Cold Start problem and provides more variation on what is recommended.