Este trabalho tem por objetivo o design e a fabricação de superfícies tácteis a partir de padrões modulares encaixáveis. Estas superfícies foram construídas em diferentes materiais naturais (minerais e madeiras) e em distintos processos de fabricação inovadores (usinagem por jato de água, usinagem por controle numérico computadorizado ou CNC e corte a laser). A intenção foi desenvolver uma metodologia de design & tecnologia para aplicá-la em painéis de revestimento que possam ser produzidos em baixa escala de forma semi-industrial. A grande variedade de materiais naturais encontrados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul; a carência de design associado a estes materiais quando do produto final e o volume de rejeitos oriundos deste beneficiamento, foram os principais motivadores para a utilização destas matérias primas. O estudo de diferentes técnicas de design de superfície auxilia na transformação destes materiais, para que os mesmos passem a ter o formato de módulo. Dentro deste contexto, foram estudadas as técnicas desenvolvidas pelo artista Maurits Cornelis Escher. Ele dedicou boa parte de sua vida profissional à composição de desenhos que, justamente, partem da utilização da simetria, modularidade, continuidade e encaixe. Neste sentido, após a compreensão das técnicas utilizadas por Escher, alguns de seus desenhos foram aplicados nos materiais selecionados através dos processos de fabricação adequados, possibilitando a construção das diferentes superfícies tácteis. Os resultados obtidos identificam que a utilização de processos de fabricação inovadores para interferência nos materiais naturais são ferramentas importantes para a promoção de uma nova geração de produtos locais. Conclui-se que estas interferências viabilizam a fabricação de produtos com maior valor estético, social e econômico. / This work aims at the design and the manufacturing of tactile surfaces from modular plug patterns. These surfaces were built in different natural materials (mineral and wood) and in distinct innovative manufacturing processes (waterjet machining, computerized numerical control machining or CNC and laser cutting). The objective was to develop a design & technology methodology for applying it in coating panels that can be produced on a semiindustrial small scale. The huge variety of natural materials found in Rio Grande do Sul State, the lack of design associated to these materials as to the final product and the volume of waste from this processing were the main motivators for the use of these raw materials. The study of these different techniques of surface design helps the transformation of these materials in order that they start to have the modular format. Within this context, the techniques developed by the artist Maurits Cornelis Escher were studied. He devoted much of his professional life to the composition of drawings beginning exactly with the use of symmetry, modularity continuity and joint. In this sense, after understanding the techniques used by Escher, some of his drawings were applied in the materials selected through suitable manufacturing processes, enabling the construction of different tactile surfaces. The results obtained identify that the utilization of innovative manufacturing processes to interfere in the natural materials are important tools for the promotion of a new generation of local products. It is conclude that these interferences enable the manufacture of products with greater aesthetic, social and economic value.

Mass production and assembly lines are yesterday’s manufacturing methods. They have exhausted Earth’s resources and limited the possibilities of design in terms of both form and material, prompting designers to search for new processes. A new generation of making includes biomimicry-inspired technologies such as 3D printing and parametric simulation, which have transformed the production paradigm. Utilizing nature as industry, this thesis explores the possibility of “growing” designed objects by employing nature’s own processes and resources. It integrates bio materials, generative design and additive manufacturing to produce objects for a post-industrial world. The project outcomes employ natural minerals, crystallization and 3D printing to develop new forms of making, proposing a new suite of tools for designers.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo o design e a fabricação de superfícies tácteis a partir de padrões modulares encaixáveis. Estas superfícies foram construídas em diferentes materiais naturais (minerais e madeiras) e em distintos processos de fabricação inovadores (usinagem por jato de água, usinagem por controle numérico computadorizado ou CNC e corte a laser). A intenção foi desenvolver uma metodologia de design & tecnologia para aplicá-la em painéis de revestimento que possam ser produzidos em baixa escala de forma semi-industrial. A grande variedade de materiais naturais encontrados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul; a carência de design associado a estes materiais quando do produto final e o volume de rejeitos oriundos deste beneficiamento, foram os principais motivadores para a utilização destas matérias primas. O estudo de diferentes técnicas de design de superfície auxilia na transformação destes materiais, para que os mesmos passem a ter o formato de módulo. Dentro deste contexto, foram estudadas as técnicas desenvolvidas pelo artista Maurits Cornelis Escher. Ele dedicou boa parte de sua vida profissional à composição de desenhos que, justamente, partem da utilização da simetria, modularidade, continuidade e encaixe. Neste sentido, após a compreensão das técnicas utilizadas por Escher, alguns de seus desenhos foram aplicados nos materiais selecionados através dos processos de fabricação adequados, possibilitando a construção das diferentes superfícies tácteis. Os resultados obtidos identificam que a utilização de processos de fabricação inovadores para interferência nos materiais naturais são ferramentas importantes para a promoção de uma nova geração de produtos locais. Conclui-se que estas interferências viabilizam a fabricação de produtos com maior valor estético, social e econômico. / This work aims at the design and the manufacturing of tactile surfaces from modular plug patterns. These surfaces were built in different natural materials (mineral and wood) and in distinct innovative manufacturing processes (waterjet machining, computerized numerical control machining or CNC and laser cutting). The objective was to develop a design & technology methodology for applying it in coating panels that can be produced on a semiindustrial small scale. The huge variety of natural materials found in Rio Grande do Sul State, the lack of design associated to these materials as to the final product and the volume of waste from this processing were the main motivators for the use of these raw materials. The study of these different techniques of surface design helps the transformation of these materials in order that they start to have the modular format. Within this context, the techniques developed by the artist Maurits Cornelis Escher were studied. He devoted much of his professional life to the composition of drawings beginning exactly with the use of symmetry, modularity continuity and joint. In this sense, after understanding the techniques used by Escher, some of his drawings were applied in the materials selected through suitable manufacturing processes, enabling the construction of different tactile surfaces. The results obtained identify that the utilization of innovative manufacturing processes to interfere in the natural materials are important tools for the promotion of a new generation of local products. It is conclude that these interferences enable the manufacture of products with greater aesthetic, social and economic value.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo o design e a fabricação de superfícies tácteis a partir de padrões modulares encaixáveis. Estas superfícies foram construídas em diferentes materiais naturais (minerais e madeiras) e em distintos processos de fabricação inovadores (usinagem por jato de água, usinagem por controle numérico computadorizado ou CNC e corte a laser). A intenção foi desenvolver uma metodologia de design & tecnologia para aplicá-la em painéis de revestimento que possam ser produzidos em baixa escala de forma semi-industrial. A grande variedade de materiais naturais encontrados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul; a carência de design associado a estes materiais quando do produto final e o volume de rejeitos oriundos deste beneficiamento, foram os principais motivadores para a utilização destas matérias primas. O estudo de diferentes técnicas de design de superfície auxilia na transformação destes materiais, para que os mesmos passem a ter o formato de módulo. Dentro deste contexto, foram estudadas as técnicas desenvolvidas pelo artista Maurits Cornelis Escher. Ele dedicou boa parte de sua vida profissional à composição de desenhos que, justamente, partem da utilização da simetria, modularidade, continuidade e encaixe. Neste sentido, após a compreensão das técnicas utilizadas por Escher, alguns de seus desenhos foram aplicados nos materiais selecionados através dos processos de fabricação adequados, possibilitando a construção das diferentes superfícies tácteis. Os resultados obtidos identificam que a utilização de processos de fabricação inovadores para interferência nos materiais naturais são ferramentas importantes para a promoção de uma nova geração de produtos locais. Conclui-se que estas interferências viabilizam a fabricação de produtos com maior valor estético, social e econômico. / This work aims at the design and the manufacturing of tactile surfaces from modular plug patterns. These surfaces were built in different natural materials (mineral and wood) and in distinct innovative manufacturing processes (waterjet machining, computerized numerical control machining or CNC and laser cutting). The objective was to develop a design & technology methodology for applying it in coating panels that can be produced on a semiindustrial small scale. The huge variety of natural materials found in Rio Grande do Sul State, the lack of design associated to these materials as to the final product and the volume of waste from this processing were the main motivators for the use of these raw materials. The study of these different techniques of surface design helps the transformation of these materials in order that they start to have the modular format. Within this context, the techniques developed by the artist Maurits Cornelis Escher were studied. He devoted much of his professional life to the composition of drawings beginning exactly with the use of symmetry, modularity continuity and joint. In this sense, after understanding the techniques used by Escher, some of his drawings were applied in the materials selected through suitable manufacturing processes, enabling the construction of different tactile surfaces. The results obtained identify that the utilization of innovative manufacturing processes to interfere in the natural materials are important tools for the promotion of a new generation of local products. It is conclude that these interferences enable the manufacture of products with greater aesthetic, social and economic value.

This thesis deals with industrial hemp and its use in vertical and horizontal structures. The work is mainly focused on the fillers of industrial hemp and inorganic binder. In the practical part of the feasibility study for future use of industrial hemp in the construction industry as a filling materiál in vertical and horizontal structures. This area has been targeted by all test samples. They are presented here and evaluated and compared the results of tests on unconfined compressive strength, compressive strength, depending on the deformation density of fresh and hardened mixture and the termal conductivity of different types of inorganic binders and fillers such as hemp.

The Master thesis is focused on rating the specifics of passive houses and assessment whether the energy savings in the operation of passive house will cover the increased cost of construction. The theoretical part deals with the history and development of passive houses, application of natural materials, sustainable resources of energy and indicators for the evaluation of economic efficiency. The practical part describes passive and standard house. On the standard house, there is processed financial plan. Reference objects are compared, followed by evaluation of the return on the additional costs of the passive house.

Over millions of years evolution has optimized the properties of materials via natural selection for many specific purposes. Indeed, natural materials have unique properties which come very close to perfection. Cells, for instance, are able to carry out intricate sequences of chemical reactions that are difficult or impossible to carry out ex vivo, cell membranes are the most complex selective and responsive semipermeable membranes that exist, and animal shells exhibit a clever nanostructure that renders them hard and tough at the same time. In short, materials scientists can learn a lot from nature’s materials. The perfection and performance of nature’s materials not only spark fascination, but also trigger the question as to why certain structures or surfaces exhibit outstanding properties and inspire research towards new materials. While the materials of living nature impressively serve dedicated purposes, they are formed under restricted conditions. For instance, they have to be designed to function under a narrowly defined set of physiological conditions, and can only be composed of building blocks an organism has available. Without these restrictions, material scientists can design entirely new materials or surfaces.

This thesis deals with the possibilities of linking art with nature. The theoretical part is based on the General educational program follows the role of arts and educational resources to achieve specific goals. Particular attention is paid to project issues in connection with teaching environmental education, interdisciplinary relations and development directions of arts working with nature, with a focus on natural art. The practical part contains three methodical series of art activities with students of the first degree. The thesis has a picture documentation of the activities carried out on the enclosed CD.

The thesis focuses on basket weaving in art education in an environmental context. In the theoretical part, the diploma thesis deals with nature and its origins for art education. It clarifies the concepts of environment, ecology and contemporary art in relation to traditional crafts. It also deals with the relationship between craft and applied art. The goal of the theoretical part is to deeply understand these concepts and contexts. It also represents the artwork of contemporary artists and free-form artists who deal with the theme of nature. The theoretical basis is based on authors own artwork, capturing the observation of nature and the growth of willow rods with as little human intervention as possible. The result of the author's work is the Willow Diary, which records this observation of the willow rods in nature. Authors own artwork is inspired by existing artwork in nature with natural materials. The didactic part of the thesis contains art tasks based on the theoretical part of the thesis. Tasks are focused on environmental education, spatial creation, contact with nature and natural materials. The aim of the artistic tasks is to raise pupils' interest for nature and to familiarize them with the techniques of basket weaving while introducing them to the themes of environmental education....

The main subject of the thesis is the development of the architectural study of the new Zoo entrance pavilion in Dvůr Králové. This Zoo specializes in breeding of African animals. The emphasis is placed on wide program of associated functions, on exhibition and multipurpose premises with restaurants and facilities for the visitors. Prerequisite is usage of progressive and unconventional principles of exhibiting with application of newest technologies in order to inform visitors of the main theme - Africa, before they start the tour around the zoo.