Thesis (doctoral)--Paris, 1868. / Includes bibliographical references.

The kea is the only parrot species in the world to include the true alpine environment as part of their habitat. Survival in these harsh alpine conditions has been hypothesised to be the cause of the generalist behaviour of kea, leading to their heightened explorative behaviour and curiosity. Kea are also widely regarded as being extraordinarily intelligent. It is their intelligence that suggests that kea may possess a sophisticated communication system. I conducted a study exploring the potentially complex vocal repertoire of the kea. My study was conducted with wild population of banded juvenile and fledgling kea in Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park between February 2003 and April 2004. I obtained 449 vocalisations from 16 identified and several unidentified kea. The results of this study confirmed that the vocal repertoire of the kea is exceptionally large for a parrot species, encompassing over 17 vocalisations. This study revealed five vocalisations previously undescribed in the kea repertoire and showed for the first time that vocal repertoire of immature kea may be different to the repertoire of adult kea. Two possible gender specific vocalisations were also revealed. The study of apparent vocal responses revealed that kea appear to be able to identify vocalisation types and respond accordingly using combinations of increasingly complex vocalisations. This is also the first study to take advantage of the similarity between human and parrot vocal systems for the kea, by utilizing powerful human speech analysis software. The results of this analysis allowed the identification of subtle differences in kea vocalisations, including the presence of graded signals, not identifiable by use of spectrogram analysis.

The kea is the only parrot species in the world to include the true alpine environment as part of their habitat. Survival in these harsh alpine conditions has been hypothesised to be the cause of the generalist behaviour of kea, leading to their heightened explorative behaviour and curiosity. Kea are also widely regarded as being extraordinarily intelligent. It is their intelligence that suggests that kea may possess a sophisticated communication system. I conducted a study exploring the potentially complex vocal repertoire of the kea. My study was conducted with wild population of banded juvenile and fledgling kea in Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park between February 2003 and April 2004. I obtained 449 vocalisations from 16 identified and several unidentified kea. The results of this study confirmed that the vocal repertoire of the kea is exceptionally large for a parrot species, encompassing over 17 vocalisations. This study revealed five vocalisations previously undescribed in the kea repertoire and showed for the first time that vocal repertoire of immature kea may be different to the repertoire of adult kea. Two possible gender specific vocalisations were also revealed. The study of apparent vocal responses revealed that kea appear to be able to identify vocalisation types and respond accordingly using combinations of increasingly complex vocalisations. This is also the first study to take advantage of the similarity between human and parrot vocal systems for the kea, by utilizing powerful human speech analysis software. The results of this analysis allowed the identification of subtle differences in kea vocalisations, including the presence of graded signals, not identifiable by use of spectrogram analysis.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:36:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo849_1.pdf: 2198781 bytes, checksum: 8924b0a3c3618b6bf5059f6b61ada062 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a obra de Nestor Duarte produzida entre os anos 1930 e 1940, fundamentalmente em dois aspectos: sua representação da figura do sertanejo e sua proposta de modernização nacional. Partindo da análise de sua produção intelectual e de sua atuação política no referido período, tentamos demonstrar o vínculo entre estes dois aspectos de sua obra e qual o sentido que tal vínculo assumia no referido contexto. Neste sentido, nos parece que a representação que Duarte opera dos sertanejos adquire uma dupla intenção: produzi-los tanto como signo de uma pretendida nacionalidade quanto como sujeitos situados às margens da história, atrasados , numa palavra. Já sua proposta de modernização visava justamente resolver tal questão: o devir moderno da nação se passa pela colocação destes sertanejos na linha da história. O que tentamos demonstrar é como o discurso sertanista de Nestor Duarte trabalha numa ambivalência que tanto afirma quanto nega os sertanejos . Da mesma forma, tentamos por em relevo como sua proposta de modernização nacional atualiza e/ou reforça o discurso da necessidade de ser moderno. O que pretendemos mostrar é, em dada medida, a ligação entre saber e poder, o problema do discurso identitário e a questionável pretensão universal dos postulados modernos (especialmente em sua dimensão política)

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This work presents study of parrot nestor kea. It is divided into two parts - theoretical and experimental part. Two chapters are dedicated to the theoretical part. This kind of parrot is connected to culture and relationship of local people. The first capture applies to enviroment in New Zealand, its inhabitants and their relationship between each other. The second chapter operates with detailed information about nestors. It's summary of available information about nestors from Czech and also foreign authors. The purpose of experimental part was to find out the possibilities of testing of cognitive abilities in conditions of zoo. We also passed the testing of cognitive abilities. We tried to define the factors that can involve the results of the testing. At the time we also suggested and proved a new system of experimental facility that can be used in our suggested future research. In the end we managed experimental testing of cognitive abilities of this kind of parrot that took place in zoo in Liberec. Key Words: nestor kea, research, cognitive abilities, zoo

Nas páginas de A Ordem Privada e a Organização Política Nacional (1939), Nestor Duarte dialoga com vários dos ensaios de interpretação do Brasil publicados ao longo dos anos trinta. Neste trabalho destacarei três das questões abordadas pelo autor, contrastando sua análise com as posições adotadas por outros participantes do debate daquela década. Eis os pontos examinados: i) seu diagnóstico crítico da permanência de uma lógica privatista na formação histórica da organização social brasileira; ii) sua proposta normativa do Estado como dimensão pública de convivência; e iii) sua defesa da democracia como processo preferencial de pedagogia política. Dessas teses de Duarte emerge uma ácida crítica do regime forte e centralizado do Estado Novo, em claro antagonismo com o proposto, por exemplo, por um pensador como Oliveira Vianna. / In the pages of his book A Ordem Privada e a Organização Política Nacional (1939), Nestor Duarte establishes a dialog with many of the so called interpretations of Brazil essays, published during the 1930s. In the present work, I have selected three questions dealt by Duarte in his essay, and tried to contrast them with positions preferred by other authors of the period. The points examined are: i) his critical diagnosis of the permanence of a privatist logic in the historical formation of brazilian social organization; ii) his normative proposal of a State understood as a public or communal dimension; e iii) his defence of democracy as a process of political pedagogy. From Duartes thesis emerges a acid critique of the strong and centralized State of the Estado Novo regime, in clear opposition with the proposals of a writer such as Oliveira Vianna, for instance.

O presente trabalho consiste em uma leitura da Obra crítica de Nestor Vítor, publicada pela Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa. Considerado pela historiografia literária brasileira como um importante crítico do simbolismo brasileiro, o estudo apresenta aspectos da trajetória sociocultural de Nestor Vítor dos Santos (1868-1932), analisando textos de sua produção intelectual, especificamente, aquela enquadrada como crítica literária. Pretende, desse modo, ressaltar algumas das linhas de força de seu pensamento no que se refere à leitura que fez de escritores nacionais e estrangeiros no período compreendido entre 1896 a 1930, logo, no interior do período conhecido como Primeira República ou República Velha (1889-1930). Apoiando-se em trabalhos já realizados acerca do crítico e do sistema literário nacional, a tese busca evidenciar as contribuições que sua obra fornece para entender a dinâmica do campo literário brasileiro, recorrendo, para isso, a aspectos da sociologia francesa de Pierre Bourdieu. Além de uma abordagem de elementos históricos e contextuais da vida e obra do crítico Nestor Vítor, a tese foca em três questões recorrentes de sua produção: a denúncia e a participação na política literária existente no meio cultural carioca, a relação com o movimento simbolista e, por fim, a aproximação crítica com autores que conformariam parte do movimento modernista brasileiro. A partir desse foco, vislumbra-se o papel de Vítor no interior da crítica literária, as estratégias de valorização ou desvalorização de obras e autores em seus escritos e a apreensão das disputas e valores em jogo no campo literário do período. Do conjunto das leituras realizadas, depreende-se uma visão mais complexa da obra de Nestor Vítor, contribuindo a pesquisa, assim, para enriquecer a história da crítica literária em nosso país. / The present work consists of a reading of the Obra crítica de Nestor Vítor, published by the Foundation Casa de Rui Barbosa. Considered by Brazilian literary historiography as an important critic of Brazilian symbolism, the study presents aspects of the sociocultural trajectory of Nestor Vítor dos Santos (1868-1932), analyzing texts of his intellectual production, specifically, that framed as literary criticism. In this way, he intends to emphasize some of the strengths of his thought regarding his reading of national and foreign writers in the period between 1896 and 1930, then within the period known as Primeira República or República Velha (1889-1930). Drawing on works already done on the critic and the national literary system, the thesis seeks to highlight the contributions that his work provides to understand the dynamics of the Brazilian literary field, using, for this, aspects of the French sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. In addition to an approach to historical and contextual elements of the life and work of the critic Nestor Vítor, the thesis focuses on three recurring issues of its production: denunciation and participation in \"literary politics\" in the carioca cultural milieu, the relation with the symbolist movement and, finally, the critical approach with authors who would conform part of the Brazilian modernist movement. From this focus, sees the role of Victor inside the literary criticism, the valuation strategies or depreciation of works and authors in their writings and the seizure of disputes and values at stake in the literary field period. From the set of readings carried out, a more complex view of Nestor Vítor\'s work emerges, thus contributing to the research to enrich the history of literary criticism in our country.