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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
141

Structural and Biochemical Characterization of the Frequency-Interacting RNA Helicase FRH

Johnson, Jacqueline M. 01 May 2016 (has links)
RNA is a molecular messenger of the cell, essential to many cellular pathways and processes. In order to maintain functionality, RNA is processed and modified by protein complexes such as the exosome and associated proteins. The exosome-mediated RNA processing or degradation both require a Ski-2 like helicase to function. One such helicase is the Frequency-interacting RNA Helicase (FRH), an essential RNA helicase from Neurospora Crassa. FRH is homologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mtr4 from the Ski2-like family of RNA helicases. Sequence alignments between FRH and Ski2-like family helicases predicted FRH to share the helicase core domains and the inserted arch domain a characteristic of the Mtr4-like proteins in this protein family. FRH is also a main component of the circadian oscillation pathway in N. crassa. The participation of FRH in circadian oscillation is not a shared role across RNA helicases. FRH forms a link between two major cellular pathways providing a unique system to study RNA surveillance. Here we present the 3.51Å and 3.25Å crystal structures of FRH which supports structural prediction by maintaining the core architecture found in Ski2-like helicases. These similarities are accompanied by significant flexibility of the arch domain and revealed a unique homodimer. Other known Ski2-like helicases have not been observed to form dimers and function biologically as monomers. Furthermore, the initial characterization of helicase activity of FRH on a poly-adenylated RNA substrate is presented. Also explored is the evidence of a dimer through crosslinking and size exclusion chromatography assays.
142

Studies suggesting the presence of more than one nitrite reductase in Neurospora crassa

Mulkins, Gwenyth Jean 09 1900 (has links)
It is usually assumed that the reduction of nitrite by nitrite reductase results in the formation of ammonia. The purpose of this investigation was to enquire whether more than one nitrite reductase activity is responsible for in vivo nitrite reduction. An assay system which measures the production of ammonia, as a result of nitrite reductase is described. The. reduction of nitrite by nitrite reductase did not result in the formation of stoichiometric amounts of ammonia. Nitrite non-utilizing mutants showed that nitrite reduction could occur in vitro with no subsequent formation of ammonia or could result in the formation of essentially stoichiometric amounts of ammonia. Sedimentation velocity gradient centrifugation resulted in the separation of at least two peaks of nitrite reductase activity. A model is described which accounts for the results in terms of two nitrite reductase activities, necessary for in vivo nitrite reduction. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)
143

An Investigation Of the Control of Recombination in Neurospora Crassa by a Dominant Factor, or Factors, from N. Sitophila

Ferraro, Michael John 09 1900 (has links)
<p> The phenomenon of genetic recombination is of fundamental importance to the evolution and adaptation of species, and is a valuable laboratory aid to the biological scientist. Probable mechanisms of control of recombination are largely unknown, due partly to the difficulty of obtaining artificial mutants affecting the process. The studies reported here avoid this difficulty by the use of different factors controlling recombination which occur naturally in the species Neurospora crassa and N. sitophila. Studies of hybrid N. crassa strains carrying factors from N. sitophila are described, and some models for the control of genetic recombination are discussed. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)
144

The Quinic Acid Gene Cluster In Neurospora: Sequence Comparison And Gene Expression

Arnett, Diana R. 10 March 2005 (has links)
No description available.
145

Effects of the <i>qa-1F</i> Activator Protein on the Expression of Quinic Acid Induced Genes in <i>Neurospora crassa</i>

Tirabassi, Dana M. 27 September 2013 (has links)
No description available.
146

Genetic and metabolic regulation of enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism in Neurospora crassa /

Sikora, Leonard January 1982 (has links)
No description available.
147

Regulação da expressão gênica pelo fosfato no fungo filamentoso Neurospora crassa / Regulation of Gene Expression by Phosphate in the Filamentous Fungus Neurospora crassa

Gras, Diana Ester 06 February 2009 (has links)
A regulação da expressão gênica é vital para todos os organismos se adaptarem rapidamente às mudanças ambientais. Estes mecanismos adaptativos são altamente complexos e a maioria deles não está completamente esclarecida. O fosfato inorgânico (Pi), um nutriente essencial para todos os organismos, é requerido em importantes processos celulares como a biosíntese de ácidos nucléicos e a sinalização metabólica. O sistema de aquisição de Pi no fungo filamentoso Neurospora crassa inclui pelo menos quatro genes regulatórios: nuc-2, preg, pgov e nuc-1. Em condições limitantes de Pi, NUC- 2, uma proteína com domínio de repetição de anquirina, inibe o funcionamento do complexo PREG-PGOV, ativando assim o fator de transcrição NUC-1 e a expressão de genes envolvidos na captação de fosfato, como fosfatases, fosfato permeases e nucleases. Visando entender a funcionalidade do gene nuc-2 na regulação da expressão gênica em resposta aos níveis de Pi exógeno, foram construídas duas bibliotecas de subtração de cDNA entre as linhagens selvagem St.L.74A e nuc-2A de N. crassa, cultivadas em Pilimitante. Obtivemos 52 transcritos induzidos e 16 reprimidos pela proteína NUC-2. A categorização funcional destas sequências revelou genes envolvidos em diversos processos celulares, como transporte, regulação transcricional, transdução de sinal, metabolismo, síntese protéica e desenvolvimento. Entre os genes modulados negativamente pela proteína NUC-2, foi identificado um gene que codifica a proteína MAK-2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase-2), envolvida em vias de sinalização intracelular. O papel funcional deste gene no monitoramento do Pi extracelular foi avaliado por microarranjos de oligonucleotídeos, comparando as linhagens selvagem e mutante mak-2, cultivadas em baixa concentração de Pi. Foram identificados 4.214 genes regulados pela proteína MAK- 2, dentre eles a ciclina codificada pelo gene preg. Além disto, genes regulados em função da concentração de Pi foram identificados, mostrando o envolvimento de 3.174 transcritos. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho revelam novos aspectos moleculares envolvidos na adaptação à disponibilidade de Pi extracelular, sugerindo que o gene mak-2 constitui um novo componente da via de sinalização e monitoramento de fosfato em N. crassa. / Gene expression regulation is crucial for all organisms to rapidly adapt to environmental changes. These adaptive mechanisms are highly complex and most of them have not been completely elucidated. The inorganic phosphate (Pi), an essential nutrient for all organisms, is required for important cellular processes, such as nucleic acids biosynthesis and metabolic signaling. The Pi acquisition system in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa includes at least four regulatory genes: nuc-2, preg, pgov and nuc-1. Under limiting Pi conditions, NUC-2, an ankyrin-like repeat protein, inhibits the functioning of the PREG-PGOV complex, allowing the activation of the transcription factor NUC-1 and the expression of genes involved in phosphate acquisition, such as phosphatases, phosphate permeases and nucleases. Aiming at a better comprehension of the nuc-2 functionality in gene expression regulation in response to exogenous Pi levels, two cDNA subtraction libraries were constructed comparing N. crassa wild type St.L.74A and nuc-2A strains, grown under Pi starvation. We obtained 52 NUC-2 up- and 16 downregulated genes. Functional categorization of these sequences revealed genes involved in several cellular processes, such as cellular transport, transcriptional regulation, metabolism, protein synthesis and development. Among the NUC-2 negatively modulated genes, we identified the MAK-2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase-2) protein coding gene, involved in the intracellular signaling pathway. The functional role of this gene in the extracellular Pi sensing was evaluated by oligonucleotide microarrays, comparing wild type and mak-2 strains responses under Pi starvation. We identified 4.214 MAK-2 regulated genes, among them the cyclin coding gene, preg. Furthermore, 3.174 genes regulated in response to Pi levels were identified. In a nutshell, the results obtained in this work reveal novel molecular aspects of the adaptation to extracellular Pi availability, suggesting that the mak-2 gene constitutes a novel component of the N. crassa phosphate sensing and signaling pathway.
148

Regulação da expressão gênica pelo fosfato no fungo filamentoso Neurospora crassa / Regulation of Gene Expression by Phosphate in the Filamentous Fungus Neurospora crassa

Diana Ester Gras 06 February 2009 (has links)
A regulação da expressão gênica é vital para todos os organismos se adaptarem rapidamente às mudanças ambientais. Estes mecanismos adaptativos são altamente complexos e a maioria deles não está completamente esclarecida. O fosfato inorgânico (Pi), um nutriente essencial para todos os organismos, é requerido em importantes processos celulares como a biosíntese de ácidos nucléicos e a sinalização metabólica. O sistema de aquisição de Pi no fungo filamentoso Neurospora crassa inclui pelo menos quatro genes regulatórios: nuc-2, preg, pgov e nuc-1. Em condições limitantes de Pi, NUC- 2, uma proteína com domínio de repetição de anquirina, inibe o funcionamento do complexo PREG-PGOV, ativando assim o fator de transcrição NUC-1 e a expressão de genes envolvidos na captação de fosfato, como fosfatases, fosfato permeases e nucleases. Visando entender a funcionalidade do gene nuc-2 na regulação da expressão gênica em resposta aos níveis de Pi exógeno, foram construídas duas bibliotecas de subtração de cDNA entre as linhagens selvagem St.L.74A e nuc-2A de N. crassa, cultivadas em Pilimitante. Obtivemos 52 transcritos induzidos e 16 reprimidos pela proteína NUC-2. A categorização funcional destas sequências revelou genes envolvidos em diversos processos celulares, como transporte, regulação transcricional, transdução de sinal, metabolismo, síntese protéica e desenvolvimento. Entre os genes modulados negativamente pela proteína NUC-2, foi identificado um gene que codifica a proteína MAK-2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase-2), envolvida em vias de sinalização intracelular. O papel funcional deste gene no monitoramento do Pi extracelular foi avaliado por microarranjos de oligonucleotídeos, comparando as linhagens selvagem e mutante mak-2, cultivadas em baixa concentração de Pi. Foram identificados 4.214 genes regulados pela proteína MAK- 2, dentre eles a ciclina codificada pelo gene preg. Além disto, genes regulados em função da concentração de Pi foram identificados, mostrando o envolvimento de 3.174 transcritos. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho revelam novos aspectos moleculares envolvidos na adaptação à disponibilidade de Pi extracelular, sugerindo que o gene mak-2 constitui um novo componente da via de sinalização e monitoramento de fosfato em N. crassa. / Gene expression regulation is crucial for all organisms to rapidly adapt to environmental changes. These adaptive mechanisms are highly complex and most of them have not been completely elucidated. The inorganic phosphate (Pi), an essential nutrient for all organisms, is required for important cellular processes, such as nucleic acids biosynthesis and metabolic signaling. The Pi acquisition system in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa includes at least four regulatory genes: nuc-2, preg, pgov and nuc-1. Under limiting Pi conditions, NUC-2, an ankyrin-like repeat protein, inhibits the functioning of the PREG-PGOV complex, allowing the activation of the transcription factor NUC-1 and the expression of genes involved in phosphate acquisition, such as phosphatases, phosphate permeases and nucleases. Aiming at a better comprehension of the nuc-2 functionality in gene expression regulation in response to exogenous Pi levels, two cDNA subtraction libraries were constructed comparing N. crassa wild type St.L.74A and nuc-2A strains, grown under Pi starvation. We obtained 52 NUC-2 up- and 16 downregulated genes. Functional categorization of these sequences revealed genes involved in several cellular processes, such as cellular transport, transcriptional regulation, metabolism, protein synthesis and development. Among the NUC-2 negatively modulated genes, we identified the MAK-2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase-2) protein coding gene, involved in the intracellular signaling pathway. The functional role of this gene in the extracellular Pi sensing was evaluated by oligonucleotide microarrays, comparing wild type and mak-2 strains responses under Pi starvation. We identified 4.214 MAK-2 regulated genes, among them the cyclin coding gene, preg. Furthermore, 3.174 genes regulated in response to Pi levels were identified. In a nutshell, the results obtained in this work reveal novel molecular aspects of the adaptation to extracellular Pi availability, suggesting that the mak-2 gene constitutes a novel component of the N. crassa phosphate sensing and signaling pathway.
149

Caracterização molecular de INc-1, um inibidor da proteína fosfatase do tipo 1 de neurospora crassa / Molecular characterization of INC-1, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase type 1 Neurospora crassa

Beton, Daniela 01 October 2004 (has links)
A proteína serina/treonina fosfatase do tipo 1 (PP1) é a principal serina/treonina fosfatase envolvida na regulação de diversos processos tais como metabolismo, crescimento e divisão celular, síntese protéica e processamento de RNA. A holoenzima PP1 é constituída de uma subunidade catalítica conservada (PP1c) e subunidades reguladoras variáveis. Em mamíferos já foram identificados dezenas de polipeptídeos que associam-se direta ou indiretamente a PP1c, gerando holoenzimas com localizações celulares e especificidades distintas. Entre as proteínas que se associam a PP1c, muitas têm função inibitória como o inibidor-1 (I-1) e o inibidor-2 (I-2). A partir de extratos de micélios de Neurospora crassa foi purificada uma proteína, denominada INc-1, que atua in vitro como inibidor da atividade de fosforilase fosfatase de PP1c e constitui-se no primeiro exemplo de subunidade reguladora da PP1 descrito em fungos filamentosos. INc-1 apresenta diversas características bioquímicas comuns ao I-2 de mamíferos. Seqüências parciais de aminoácidos de três fragmentos proteolíticos obtidos de INc-1 permitiram a identificação de uma ORF (fase aberta de leitura) no genoma de N. crassa que provavelmente codifica INc-1. A análise dessa ORF mostrou que a sequência de aminoácidos do INc-1 é similar a do I-2, especialmente em regiões supostamente envolvidas em sua interação com a PP1c. Neste trabalho descrevemos a clonagem e a expressão em bactérias da sequência codificadora de INc-1. A atividade inibidora de PP1c de duas isoformas recombinantes purificadas, INc-1L e INc-1, foram avaliadas e comparadas. A forma denominada INc-1L apresenta em sua região aminoterminal um segmento de 38 aminoácidos derivado da retenção de um íntron, sem alterar a fase de leitura. Ambas proteínas recombinantes exibiram efeito inibidor sobre a atividade de fosforilase fosfatase de PP1c recombinante, sendo que a IC50 determinada para INc-1L foi de ~50nM e para INc-1 foi de ~11nM, sugerindo que a retenção do segmento de aminoácidos codificado pelo íntron na isoforma INc-1L diminui seu potencial inibitório. Verificamos também que o mRNA de INc-1 é expresso durante o crescimento vegetativo de N.crassa, apresentando níveis máximos na fase exponencial. / Type 1 protein serine/threonine phosphatases (PP1) play important roles in the regulation of many cellular functions including metabolism, cell growth and division, protein synthesis and pre-mRNA splicing. PP1 holoenzyme consists of one highly conserved catalytic subunit (PP1c) and variable regulatory subunits. A number of proteins that interact with PP1c have been described in mammals and the respective holoenzymes present distinct substrate specificity and/or different subcelular localization. Among the proteins that interact with PP1c, there are many with inhibitory effect such as inhibitor-1 (I-1) and inhibitor-2 (1-2). It has been demonstrated that a protein denominated INc-1, purified from Neurospora crassa extracts, specifically inhibits PP1c and has biochemical properties that resemble those of mammalian I-2. INc-1 is the first example of a PP1c regulatory subunit in filamentous fungi. Partial amino acid sequences of INc-1 led to the identification of an ORF (open reading frame) in Neurospora crassa genome which appears to encode INc-1. This ORF shows similarity with mammalian I-2 mainly in regions mapped as sites for interaction with PP1c. In this work we report the cloning and bacterial expression of the coding sequence for INc-1. The PP1c inhibitory activities of two recombinant isoforms, named INc-1L and INc-1, were compared. INc-1L aminoacid sequence presents an in frame segment of 38 residues encoded by an non-processed intron. 80th recombinant proteins showed inhibitory effect against phosphorylase phosphatase activity of recombinant PP1c, with IC50 of ~50nM for INc-1L and ~11nM for INc-1, suggesting that retention of the 38 residue segment decrease the inhibitory potential of INc-1L. We have also verified that INc-1 mRNA is expressed during N.crassa vegetative growth with maximum level at the exponential phase.
150

Étude de la relation entre structure, dynamique et fonction de l’ARN par l’ingénierie du ribozyme VS de Neurospora

Girard, Nicolas 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.

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