There is a major issue with concussion within contact sports and one of these sports is ice hockey. Concussions have a negative effect on health and repeated concussions, which often occur in ice hockey, can force players to retire early. Since it is such a major problem that can result in serious consequences, a better understanding within the field is needed. This report has focused on speeds right before a player was tackled as well as the players contact body parts. The information was collected by analyzing 10 video clips where a tackle took place that resulted in a concussion. The video clips were analyzed using the software SkillSpector, where 3D speeds were collected for both the attacking and the injured players. The contact body parts were also identified during the analysis. The results were compared to a reference group from an earlier bachelor degree project where tackles that did not result in a concussion were analyzed. The conclusion from this project is that the speeds for the players in the interest group were proven to have a significantly higher mean speed than the players from the earlier project. Furthermore, the results indicate that the tackled players speed can have a larger impact on the outcome of the tackle than the speed of the attacking player. From the results in this project it is shown that, of the tackles that could lead to a concussion, shoulder to jaw was the most common combination. / Det finns ett stort problem med hjärnskakningar inom kontaktsporter och en utav dessa sporter är ishockey. Hjärnskakningar påverkar hälsan negativt och vid upprepade hjärnskakningar, som ofta uppstår i ishockey, kan spelare tvingas förtidspensioneras. Eftersom att det är ett stort problem som kan ge allvarliga konsekvenser behövs en bättre förståelse inom ämnet. Denna rapport har fokuserat på att ta fram farter precis innan en tackling har skett samt spelarnas kontaktdelar (islagsdelar). Informationen har samlats in genom analysering av 10 stycken videoklipp där en tackling har resulterat i en hjärnskakning. Analysen av videoklippen genomfördes i mjukvaran SkillSpector där 3D farter har tagits fram för både den attackerande och skadade spelaren. Vid analyserna identifierades också islagsdelarna. Resultaten har jämförts med en referensgrupp från ett tidigare kandidatexamensarbete där tacklingar som inte resulterat i en hjärnskakning har analyserats. Slutsatsen från detta arbete är att farterna för spelarna i intressegruppen som drabbats av hjärnskakning hade en högre signifikant medelfart än motsvarande spelarna från det tidigare arbetet. Vidare indikerade resultaten att den tacklades fart är en faktor som kan ha en stor påverkan på utfallet av tacklingen. Från resultatet i detta arbete visas det att av tacklingar som kan leda till hjärnskakning är axel mot käke den vanligaste kombinationen.

This study examines Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) within the industry of sports and more precisely in regards to professional ice hockey players. The purpose of this study is to achieve a deeper understanding of how professional ice hockey players organize themselves through philanthropic CSR and why these engage in this CSR-work and in turn how it affects their brand. To attain this purpose the study need to answer the following three questions: how do ice hockey players organize themselves using philanthropic CSR, what motivates them to do philanthropic CSR-work and lastly how is their brand affected by doing philanthropic CSR.To achieve this deeper knowledge eleven interviews were carried out to collect the empirical data for the study. The interviews were conducted with a deductive viewpoint which gradually turned into a inductive one. With this in mind the study has been carried out with previous studies being taken in consideration and after the conclusion of the interviews into the position of the individual hockey players. After analysing the results a strong connection between the empirical data and the theoretical framework could be confirmed and it became clear that the players did not use CSR for their own gain or benefits. The motives behind the players engagement with CSR-activities could be connected to their unique prerequisites, but also through the encourage they received from their surroundings. The motivation for CSR seemed to come from the will to transcend into the life after sports. / Denna studie behandlar Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) inom idrottsbranschen, med inriktning mot professionella ishockeyspelare. Studiens syfte är att erhålla en förståelse för hur professionella ishockeyspelare organiserar sig av filantropiskt CSR, samt undersöka vad som motiverar dem till det filantropiska CSR-arbetet och hur detta i sin tur påverkar ishockeyspelarens varumärke. Följande frågeställningar ska besvaras för att uppnå syftet: hur organiserar sig ishockeyspelare genom filantropiskt CSR-arbete, vad motiverar dem till filantropiskt CSR-arbete samt hur deras varumärke påverkas av filantropiskt CSR-arbete? För att nå den djupa förståelsen har empirin samlats in genom elva semistrukturerade intervjuer. Studien har utgått från ett deduktivt synsätt men har gradvis övergått till ett induktivt synsätt. Således har studien utgått från tidigare kunskap för forskningsämnet men efter de utförda intervjuerna övergått till ishockeyspelarnas ställningstagande. Efter en analysering av studien kunde starka kopplingar mellan det empiriska materialet och den teoretiska referensramen konstateras. Efter arbetets gång blev det tydligt att ishockeyspelarna inte använder sig av CSR för sin egna skull eller för sin egna vinning. Motiven bakom ishockeyspelarnas engagemang för CSR kunde kopplas till deras unika förutsättningar, men även av uppmuntran av sin omgivning. Motivationen för CSR engagemang visade sig fortleva i livet efter idrotten.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). FL is clinically designated as an indolent disease with a long median survival of 8-10 years. However, the clinical and biological behavior of FL shows considerable variability, with some patients showing aggressive disease progression and very short survival. Because defects in the regulation of apoptotic cell death are fundamental in FL pathogenesis, we hypothesized that deregulated expression of components of the pRb signaling pathway may promote cell proliferation, thereby complementing antecedent anti-apoptotic mutations and producing more aggressive disease. In the present study we undertook an immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation of expression of key cell-cycle regulatory proteins in diagnostic biopsies from 127 cases of FL using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) in tissue microarray (TMA) sections immunostained for p53, pRb, p16INK4A and cyclin D3. Data analysis revealed that increased abundance of p53 or p16INK4A is associated with reduced overall survival (OS) (p=0.005 and p=0.014 respectively), and with conventional pathological markers of tumour aggressiveness including high histologic grade. Encouraged by this remarkable finding of a counterintuitive association between p16INK4A expression and clinical outcome, we analyzed CDKN2A gene deletion and methylation, as these are the most frequent mechanisms of the CDKN2A gene inactivation in NHL including FL. We determined the deletion and methylation status of CDKN2A in 105 FL cases. Laser-capture microdissection was used to enrich the samples for lymphoma cells. CDKN2A was deleted in 9 cases and methylated in 22 cases. The 29 cases (28%) with CDKN2A deletion or methylation had decreased overall survival (OS) (p=0.046) in all cases and in cases treated with rituximab (p<0.001). Our findings indicate that deleterious alterations of CDKN2A are relatively prevalent in FL at diagnosis and can predict poor clinical outcome. In summary, our data reveal novel insights into the pathogenesis of FL and suggest a relationship between increased p16INK4A expression and CDKN2A deletion or methylation and unfavorable clinical outcome in FL. We hope that the work presented herein will provide a useful prognostic tool for predicting the prognosis and choosing optimal treatment approaches to help patients suffering from FL. / Thesis (Ph.D, Pathology & Molecular Medicine) -- Queen's University, 2013-03-12 23:49:44.541

Title: NHL and crisis Objectives: The goal of this diploma thesis is to analyze crisis of the National Hockey League and to make the economic forecast of the league and chosen clubs. Other goals are to introduce the league, its game system and the way of leading. Then to make an analysis of each crisis which the NHL went through during its history and to identify their causes. Methods: A qualitative and quantitative research, concretely descriptive analysis and the linear regression, which was made by the Microsoft Excel programme and its function TREND, were used in this thesis. Descriptive analysis was used for introduction of the National Hockey League and for definition of the main terms about the topic. The Microsoft function TREND was used for the forecast of the NHL and NHL team's economic situation. Results: Result of this diploma thesis is a summary of the most important terms and facts about the National Hockey League. Also a summary of the NHL crisis and an identification of their reasons. The main reason is that the team owners have completely different interests than the players, which can result to the lockout. The lockouts harm the richest teams and help the poorer ones, sometimes it can even solve them from bankruptcy. The biggest problem has been the high level of player's salary....

Title: The aggressive behaviour in the NHL. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyze NHL fighting phenomenon. The analysis will be realized as a research study. At first, sources of the thesis will be described. Then, there will be mentioned contemporary backgrounds and theoretical points included theory of aggressiveness in everyday sport. Complex view on the aggressive behaviour within the NHL will be assigned as a main part of whole thesis. Main part will contain historical view, ongoing trends of NHL and brief glance to rules of the NHL. Methods: Basic information from the field of NHL fighting was compiled by direct method of research and by method of induction. Research via comparative method was used marginally. Results: Results of my thesis will help to understand and to light up aggressive behaviour phenomenon in NHL. This issue is not published in European countries. Thesis will help to why hockey players do fight, where are roots of the NHL brawling or how is an attitude of officials in NHL. Keywords: NHL, aggressiveness, aggressive behavior, brawl, fight, delinquency

Ekonomika sportu,odlišnosti podnikání se sportem od jiných výrobních odvětví, financování sportovních klubů v Evropě, financování sportovních klubů v USA, profesionální sport v USA, měřená a hodnocení kvality hráče,alternativní přístupy pro měření kvality hráče, analýza závislostí, aplikace metody v PQI England Premier League, ocenění dlouhodobého nehmotného majetku, profesionální smlouva v NHL, odhad možné budoucí smlouvy

Title: Migration of Czech ice hockey players to North America. Objectives: The main objective of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the current development of migration of Czech ice hockey players to North American highest competition - NHL since 1990. The sub-objective of this thesis is to investigate migration factors, then to describe historical developments within migration and to compare with other ice hockey powers. Further analysing the influence of Czech ice hockey players on the performance of teams in North American competitions, as well as introducing leagues themselves. Methods: This thesis used qualitative research which abnormally consists of a questionnaire survey and precedes quantitative research, which includes deskresearch, a method which is also referred to as secondary data analysis, data are mainly drawn from the outputs of mass media and virtual data for this work. Next method of comparison and correlation analysis. Hereinafter the comparation method and correlation analysis are used. Results: This study reveals the importance of focusing on the experiences of the migrants themselves as well as on the factors related to migration. They exist not only in professional field, but also in personal life. All this affects the overall adaptation process. The most motivating factor...

This paper examines whether racial salary discrimination exists in the National Hockey League (NHL). I examine data from Hockey Reference and CapFriendly and find some evidence of racial salary discrimination, controlling for a rich set of demographic and performance characteristics. Specifically, when I solely control for race, I do not find any racial wage gap. This gap exists when I control for race and limited place of birth groups, however, the effect is wiped out by performance controls. When controlling for race and detailed place of birth groups, I find some evidence of a race gap even when controls for performance are included. Lastly, I discover that whites from all countries excluding the USA earn more than whites from the USA.

The thesis investigates the rewarding system of professional ice-hockey players in the National Hockey League. The opening part describes theoretical foundation of collective bargaining and human resources management activities -- reward management and performance appraisal, while it also reviews related bases of sports economics. The empirical chapters describe the framework of reward practices as a result of collective bargaining between representatives of the National Hockey League club owners and the National Hockey League Players'Association and investigate effects of the Salary Cap and related instruments of cooperation between the clubs on the player labour market and certain activities of human resources management of the clubs. The thesis discovers a large impact of collective bargaining on economic system of the NHL, low flexibility of rewarding system as a result of Salary Cap related restrictions, a significant impact of these restrictions on the mobility of players within the market and an increase in importance of the club rewarding system rationalization. The thesis also aims for alternative application of the findings on HRM in organizations of more traditional sectors of economy.

Title: Analysis of social networks of NHL clubs Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to analyze content of social media posts from NHL clubs. Based on that I will establish recommendations which content should be published on each social media for other ice hockey clubs. Methods: In my thesis I used these methods: content analysis, statistical methods. I collected data from social media and wrote them in prepared tables. Data were collected from four social media platforms from five NHL clubs. Statistical methods helped for interpretation and for establishing recommendations. Results: With categorization of each post published by NHL clubs on each social media platform I could establish recommendations which content should be published on each social media. Keywords: social media, NHL, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, content analysis