Abstract The purposes of this study are to investigate the relationship among teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors, teachers¡¦ organizational commitment, and teachers¡¦ job of involvement of elementary school teachers in Kaohsiung County. The major purposes are as follows¡G 1.To understand the situation of teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors, teachers¡¦ organizational commitment, and teachers¡¦ job involvement¡F 2.To understand their differences on different backgrounds of elementary school teachers¡F 3.To investigate the differences of teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors in teachers¡¦ organizational commitment and teachers¡¦ job involvement¡F 4.To understand the prediction effect of teachers¡¦ organizational commitment and teachers¡¦ job involvement from teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors. In order to achieve its purposes, this study has methodologically adopted document analysis, questionnaire survey. The subjects are public elementary school teachers in Kaohsiung County. The tool of this study, ¡§Elmentary School Principals¡¦ Tansformational Leadership Behaviors and Teachers¡¦ Organizational Commitment and Teachers¡¦ Job Involvement Survey Questionnaire¡¨ was designed and then 613 samples were surveyed. The data were analyzed and presented by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson¡¦ s product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regressions. The conclusions of this study are as follows¡G 1.The teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors have high positive response in elementary schools. 2.The dimension of identification with school has high good response in teachers¡¦ organizational commitment. 3.The dimension of concentration on work has high good response in teachers¡¦ job involvement. 4.First, different personal variables have differences in teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors. Next,different personal variables have differences in teachers¡¦ organizational commitment. Finally, different personal variables have differences in teachers¡¦ job involvement. 5.First, teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors have great positive correlation with teachers¡¦ organizational commitment. Next, teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors have great positive correlation with teachers¡¦ job involvement.Last, teachers¡¦ organizational commitment have great positive correlation with teachers¡¦ job involvement. 6.Different teachers¡¦ organizational commitment and teachers¡¦ job involvement have differences in different teachers¡¦ perceptions ofprincipals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors. And the high level ofteachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors is higher in teachers¡¦ organizational commitment and teachers¡¦ job involvement than the middle level and the low level. 7.Teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors are powerful in predicting teachers¡¦ organizational commitment in elementary schools. 8.Teachers¡¦ perceptions of principals¡¦ transformational leadership behaviors are powerful in predicting teachers¡¦ job involvement in elementary schools.

The consuming environment in the 21st century has transformed itno a stage of experience economy, consumers pursue the products which can create wonderful memories more than the ones with high quality and efficiency. Also, their consuming behaviors transform from being ration-dominated to being ration-and-emotion-mutually dominated; further, consumers are fascinated with not only products or services but also the unforgettable consuming experiences. In this way, Schmitt(1999) proposed strategic experiential modules¡]SEMs¡^¡Xsense, feel, think, act and relate marketing to create the integral experiences for customers, and even stated that the employment of the concepts of experiential marketing has turned out to be a fashion in practice. This study adopted Starbucks to be the analyzing target. The main purpose is to examine the effectiveness of experiential marketing and to discuss the impacts of experiential marketing on customer loyalty; then the study added involvement, consumers¡¦ life styles, and centrality of visual product aesthetics to be the moderate variables, to examine the relation between experiential marketing and consumer loyalty. Based on these analyzing results, the companies can find out the most effective moderate variables to develop the marketing strategies, and even to build up the competitive advantage. This study put emphasis on those who consume in Starbucks recently, to implement the empirical investigation through the questionaire method, distributing 577 samples while the valid ones got 532 in total. This study analyzed the collected data through descriptive statisitic analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, multiple regression analysis, one-way ANOVA and so on, to verify the hypothses of this study and to come out these results as follow. 1.The higher the consumers¡¦ integral experiential evaluations are, the higher the customer loyalty is; the consumers¡¦sense experiences, think experiences, act experiences and relate experiences even have positive influences on customer loyalty. 2.For consumers being with diverse levels of involvement, the consumer loyalty alters with their experiential evaluations. 3.For consumers being with diverse centrality of visual product aesthetics, the consumer loyalty fails to alter with their experiential evaluations. 4.For consumers being with diverse life styles, the consumer loyalty fails to alter with their experiential evaluations. 5.Consumers who have different life styles will own divergent centrality of visual product aesthetics.

Recent studies show that parent involvement in schools increases students&rsquo / academic achievements, and it has many benefits for parents, teachers, children, schools and the community as a whole. Teachers are one of the most important components of parent involvement and their attitudes toward parent involvement are significant. Unfortunately, all around the world, and especially in Turkey, there are not enough studies measuring various aspects of preschool teachers&rsquo / attitudes toward parent involvement. This study was designed to see whether differences exist in preschool teachers&rsquo / attitudes, who work in public and private schools toward parent involvement, to determine the affects of school type, educational level, graduated program, experience, income, number of students, age group, taking course on parent involvement and preparation to parent involvement by means of course/s, in-service education, sending newsletter, and frequency of sending them on teachers&rsquo / attitudes of parent involvement and to examine whether there were differences in attitudes of teachers with different self efficacy levels. Preschool teachers were asked to complete &ldquo / The Attitudes of Teachers toward Parent Involvement Scale&rdquo / that includes six subscales all of which were supposed to measure the attitudes of teachers toward parent involvement. The subscales included to the study were: teacher beliefs about parental involvement, teacher self-efficacy for teaching, teacher beliefs about parents&rsquo / efficacy for helping children succeed in school, teacher beliefs about the importance of parent involvement practices, teacher reports of parent involvement and teacher report of invitations to parental involvement. The sample of study consisted of preschool teachers working with children between the ages of 3 and 6 and working in public and private schools of Ankara. 169 preschool teachers from public schools and 121 preschool teachers from private schools in Ankara comprised the total sample. The results revealed that there were not significant differences between the attitudes of public and private school teachers with respect to first five subscales. Educational level of teachers was found effective in the attitudes of teachers only for the fourth subscale. The effect of experience, age group of children, and courses taken on parent involvement on attitudes were only reported for the last subscale. Finally, sending newsletters was found to have an effect on attitudes toward parent involvement for the last two subscales and for frequency of sending newsletters, it was reported that there were differences between the attitudes of teachers with respect to second and last subscales. Graduated program, income, number of children, preparation by means of courses and in-service training did not have an effect on teachers&rsquo / attitudes toward parent involvement. The last finding was related to the difference in the parent involvement attitudes of teachers with lower, middle and higher self efficacy. The results yielded that teachers with higher self efficacy held more positive attitudes on the first two subscales than the ones with middle and higher self efficacy. For the last three subscales, no differences were found. Limitations of the present study, implications for practice and finally recommendations for further studies were offered.

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As the rapid development of the Internet advertisement, the Internet as a kind of advertising media has a greater competitive ability among all kinds of media. This study is designed to figure out the difference of print media and the Internet, especially in the field of advertising research. Using the laboratory experimentation and factorial experimental design, there are three factors in the study, including media properties (the Internet active media, the Internet static media, and print media), advertising appeals (rational and emotional appeal), and product involvement (high and low product involvement). Under such arrangement, the three factors result in 12 (3´2´2) different advertising strategies. The findings are as the followings: 1.The Internet active media can increase the advertising effect efficiently, while the machine-interactivity can¡¦t increase advertising effects. 2.Advertising appeals aren¡¦t able to influence the advertising effect efficiently. 3.The composition of emotional appeal and the Internet active media is the best advertising strategy to advertising effects; while the composition of rational appeal and each media property will not be able to achieve better advertising effects. 4.Product involvement is irrelevant to the advertising effect in the study. 5.The male consumers preferred the composition of the Internet active media and high product involvement, and they also like the composition of the Internet static media and low product involvement. 6.Consumers with BS. Degree or above preferred the composition of the Internet active media and emotional appeal. 7.The 46 above age group preferred the composition of low product involvement and emotional appeal, and they also like the composition of high product involvement and rational appeal.

Research of the relation among the job involvement, job satisfaction, reward and job performance for consuming finance staff - Banks in Kaohsiung area to be the examples Abstract Finance service industry is a key pivot in modern economic system. The high service quality in finance is apparently consequent upon the strong competition in financing market day by day. During these recent years, banks struggle to occupy more marketing share in consuming loan. Based on the principles of pursuing high profit and dispersing risks, how to reinforce the quality of manpower, improve job performance and service quality are the most important targets for finance service industry. Therefore, using individual variable, job involvement, job satisfaction as independent variables, reward as interfered variable, and job performance as dependent variable to probe into the relation among the job involvement, job satisfaction, reward and job performance. Furthermore, using reward as interfered variable to investigate the effect of interference to job involvement, job satisfaction on job performance. This reseach was using the method of questionnaire survey together with various kind of statistic analysis and got the important discoveries are stated separately as follows: 1. The different individual variables to job involvement, job satisfaction, reward and job performance comes out a partly remarkable discrepancy. 2. Job involvement, job satisfaction, reward and job performance reveals outstanding positive relation. 3. The effect of interference among inspiration and safety, the equity of reward and internal satisfaction, external satisfaction, general satisfaction to customer satisfaction, job efficiency of job performance concludes as follows¡G (1) The interaction of internal satisfaction, inspiration and safety revelas interference effect to the customers statisfaction. (2) The interaction of external satisfaction, inspiration and safety revelas interference effect to the customers statisfaction. (3) The interaction of internal satisfaction and equity revelas interference effect to the customers statisfaction. (4) The interaction of general satisfaction and equity revelas interference effect to the customers statisfaction. (5) The interaction of internal satisfaction and equity revelas interference effect to the job efficiency . (6) The interaction of external satisfaction and equity revelas interference effect to the job efficiency . According to the results of research, finance organization enable to promote job performance and competition by offering high reward for their staff, increasing job satisfaction of employee, and establishing perfect reward system. Key words : consuming finance, job involvement, job satisfaction, reward, job performance.

ABSTRACT Title¡GCross-Cultural comparison of work value and culture value between Australian and Chinese from China Pages: 82 total Author: Mr. Liao Cheng Hui Advisor: Professor Zhiao Bi Xiao In order to increasing the competitive advantage after joining WTO of both Taiwan and China¡Ahuman resources have been paid higher attention. The competition between companies will depend on which will have superior talents. Facing the globalize environment, we should understand the differences of work values and culture values between target countries. We took the questionnaires from Australian and Chinese working in Australia, also comparing with Chinese working in China in order to fit the cross-cultural research. Based on descriptive statistics analysis, factor analysis, reliability, path analysis and stepwise regression, our finding as as following¡G (6) Among personal characteristics, gender, age, job position, working years and level of education are significant to the variation of work value. (7) Among personal characteristics, gender, age, job position, working years and level of education are significant to the variation of culture value. (8) Among personal characteristics, age, job position, working years and level of education are significant to the variation of job involvement. (9) Nationality is significant to the variation of work value, culture value and job involvement. Comparing to Australian, Chinese (no matter working in Australia or in China) is with more constructive attitude in work value and job involvement. (10) Comparing to the country culture, there are deeper effects from enterprise culture to the employees in work value and job involvement.

Abstract It is extremely common that business utility in Taiwan are now stretching their business development to Mainland China for investment. Meanwhile, with stronger and stronger organization size in Mainland China of Taiwan utility, it is also a trend to develop or recruit local employees to perform supervisors¡¦ roles. Consequently, though being in the same blood of nature, there should be some differences between Taiwan citizen and China citizen no matter in culture aspect or in value aspect. As a supervisor/manager to the company, is there any difference in management competency and department performance? Hence, this research was designed to examine the relationship among management competency, characteristics of individuals, department performance, on the basis of organizational commitment and job involvement. The results of the research indicate that: 1. The interaction effect between supervisors with different nationalities and the recognition of department performance is significant. 2. The interaction effect between supervisors with different nationalities and the recognition of management competency is significant. 3. The interaction effect between supervisors with different business divisions and the recognition of management competency is significant. 4. The interaction effect between management competency and department performance is significant. 5. The interaction effect between management competency and job involvement is significant. 6. The interaction effect between management competency and organizational commitment is significant. 7. The interaction effect between job involvement and department performance is significant. 8. With organizational commitment and job involvement as middle-acted variables, the interaction effect between management competency and department performance is significant.

Previous studies in the area of parental involvement in the education system were based on inconsistent parameters or definitions of the construct (Baker and Soden, 1997). The present study seeks to more clearly define and quantify parental involvement and examine the reduction of academic risk factors for economically disadvantaged students through a program of parental involvement in the educational setting. This study compares the academic achievement (ITBS scores) of 70 students enrolled in 1st thru 5th grades at an elementary public charter school in relation to the level of documented parental involvement (PI). Data indicate that in comparison to students enrolled at two neighborhood traditional public elementary schools, students at the charter school are 1.2 to 1.7 times more likely to pass the state mandated TAKS test in grades three through five. However, statistical analyses did not support the hypothesis that level of parental involvement was associated with academic achievement.

This qualitative study investigated the urgent need for business and public schools to design a comprehensive system for preparing all students for a technological workplace, while giving them the necessary academic foundation for functioning effectively in a work environment. Businesses and communities need to participate with schools, regardless of where the schools are located. Schools, businesses and communities must explore and work together to create new methods for supporting technology in schools and in the workplace. The interviewees who participated in the study consisted of 21 teachers and administrators from four high schools located within four districts in San Antonio, Texas. Two of the high schools were located in southern San Antonio and were classified as lower socioeconomic institutions. The other two high schools were located in northern San Antonio and were classified as upper socioeconomic institutions. Also, seven business leaders were interviewed from (1) grocery, (2) San Antonio city government, (3) military, (4) large retail chain, (5) technology organization and business, (6) telecommunications, and (7) a youth-oriented organization. The major conclusions of the study were that businesses believe that a skill-deficient workplace hampers economic growth and productivity, and a knowledge-deficient high school graduate limits his or her opportunities for an extended academic experience. Few businesses in San Antonio supported or contributed to technology competencies in the selected schools in San Antonio by participating in curriculum development or as partnerships within the schools. All teachers had a high level of understanding about the importance of technology competencies for students. Furthermore, they believed that teachers and administrators must have a well-organized and fluid technology training program that will help integration of technology into the curriculum. Schools within the lower socioeconomic classification did not have many opportunities for training or access to technology; therefore, the teachers did not have the opportunity for building their competencies. In comparison, the schools located in northern San Antonio had more than adequate opportunities for training and access to technology. Educational, business, and community organizations must be concerned with all aspects of student learning and their ability to utilize technology. It is not enough to supply hardware and software to schools.