Capsules are modeling language elements which are sometimes used to develop real-time software. One way to test such capsule elements without relying on dependencies to other units is to use mock objects. The aim of the study was to look at existing object-oriented design patterns and investigate how they could be used for capsules, in order to perform mock testing. The focus was to find solutions that were usable from the programmers’ point of view, meaning that they should promote high user effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction when implementing them. It was also important that program efficiency wasn’t affected negatively. 5 design- or refactoring patterns were adapted for capsules: Constructor Injection, Setter Injection, Parameterize Method, Factory Method and Abstract Factory. Those patterns were evaluated by 5 programmers in a usability test, where Incarnate Injection (an adaptation of Constructor Injection) and Abstract Factory were considered most usable. Incarnate Injection seemed to be easier to implement and promoted high user efficiency, while Abstract Factory was considered more flexible. The performance tests indicated that Abstract Factory compromises program efficiency when the factory product is resource-heavy and is required frequently by dependent capsules. The study showed that it is possible to adapt design patterns to capsules by looking at conceptual similarities between capsules and classes. However, there are cases when this adaptation is impossible. Furthermore, even when adaptation is possible, it was apparent that different patterns adapt differently well to capsules.

Neste trabalho foi realizado o projeto e o desenvolvimento do framework de classes OOPS - Object-Oriented Parallel System. Esta é uma ferramenta que utiliza orientação a objetos para apoiar a implementação de programas científicos concorrentes para execução paralela. O OOPS fornece abstrações de alto nível para que o programador da aplicação não se envolva diretamente com detalhes de implementação paralela, sem contudo ocultar completamente aspectos paralelos de projeto, como particionamento e distribuição dos dados, por questões de eficiência e de desempenho da aplicação. Para isso, o OOPS apresenta um conjunto de classes que permitem o encapsulamento de técnicas comumente encontradas em programação de sistemas paralelos. Utiliza o conceito de processadores virtuais organizados em grupos, aos quais podem ser aplicadas topologias que fornecem modos de comunicação entre os processadores virtuais, e contêineres podem ter seus elementos distribuídos por essas topologias, com componentes paralelos atuando sobre eles. A utilização das classes fornecidas pelo OOPS facilita a implementação do código sem adicionar sobrecarga significativa à aplicação paralela, representando uma camada fina sobre a biblioteca de passagem de mensagens usada. / This work describes the design and development of the OOPS (Object Oriented Parallel System) class framework, which is a tool that uses object orientation to support programming of concurrent scientific applications for parallel execution. OOPS provides high level abstractions to avoid application programmer\'s involvement with many parallel implementation details. For performance considerations, some parallel aspects such as decomposition and data distribution are not completely hidden from the application programmer. To achieve its intents, OOPS encapsulates some programming techniques frequently used for parallel systems. Virtual processors are organized in groups, over which topologies that provide communication between the processors can be constructed; distributed containers have their elements distributed across the processors of a topology, and parallel components use these containers for their work. The use of the classes supplied by OOPS simplifies the implementation of parallel applications, without incurring in pronounced overhead. OOPS is thus a thin layer over the message passing interface used for its implementation.

Orientador: Maria Gabriela Caffarena Celani / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T12:58:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_GellyMendes_M.pdf: 1730536 bytes, checksum: 00f2744f140773703f9dfbcacc766788 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Diferentes métodos computacionais têm sido discutidos desde o movimento dos métodos da década de 1960, na tentativa de ajudar os arquitetos a melhor estruturar e gerenciar o processo de projeto. Entretanto, atualmente o uso do computador encontra-se cada vez mais voltado para a representação do projeto arquitetônico, enquanto conceitos e métodos computacionais raramente são expressos no processo de projeto. Na tentativa de explorar o uso da computação como uma técnica que efetivamente auxilie o arquiteto no processo de projeto em arquitetura, a presente pesquisa buscou investigar as possíveis relações entre o paradigma da orientação a objetos e o processo de projeto arquitetônico. Para ilustrar o processo de projeto arquitetônico, baseado no método da orientação a objetos, algumas implementações foram desenvolvidas com o uso da linguagem de programação Visual Basic for Applications para AutoCAD. Os conceitos de classes e de objetos ¿ bem como suas propriedades e métodos ¿ foram usados para estabelecer uma analogia com a forma como o arquiteto estrutura o problema de projeto. Espera-se que essa pesquisa possa ajudar estudantes de arquitetura a desenvolverem uma nova compreensão do processo de projeto / Abstract: Different computational methods have been used since the design methods movement in the 1960¿s with the aim of helping architects to better structure and manage the design process. However, the use of computers is currently more commonly used for design representation, while computational concepts and methods are rarelly expressed in the design process. Trying to explore the use of computation as a technique that can effectively assist the architect in the design process, the present investigated the relationship between the object-oriented programming paradigm and the architecturual design process. To illustrate the architectural design process based on the object-oriented method, some implementations were developed with the use of Visual Basic for Applications in AutoCAD. Concepts such as object and class, along with their properties and methods, were used to establish an analogy with the way the architect structures the design problem. This research is expected to help architecture students develop a new understanding of the design process / Mestrado / Arquitetura e Construção / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Orientador: Andre Luiz Morelato França / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T08:14:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mota_LiaToledoMoreira_D.pdf: 2050832 bytes, checksum: 67d474d280eaf6b619b3f766e55b9010 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, foram desenvolvidos dois métodos para prever o comportamento da carga durante a reenergização de redes elétricas pós-blecaute total ou parcial e instantes posteriores. O primeiro consiste em um Método Heurístico Top-Down, baseado em regras extraídas da experiência de especialistas e eventos anteriores, caracterizado por uma capacidade de representação aproximada do comportamento da carga e por um baixo esforço computacional requerido em sua utilização. Nessa metodologia, as incertezas associadas às variáveis e regras são modeladas usando-se lógica fuzzy. O segundo método consiste em um Método Caixa-Branca Bottom-Up que permite a representação do comportamento da carga agregada de forma mais precisa, partindo-se da modelagem individual dos vários tipos de equipamentos e dos principais fenômenos físicos envolvidos na reenergização dos mesmos. Nessa metodologia, os modelos implementados levam em conta as parcelas de consumo residencial, comercial e industrial, bem como a classificação dos equipamentos quanto a seu tipo de controle (controlados termostaticamente, fixos e controlados manualmente). Testes e simulações foram realizados, visando a verificação da adequação dos métodos desenvolvidos, bem como uma análise comparativa entre eles, destacando vantagens e desvantagens da aplicação de cada um / Abstract: This work is focused on developing methods to forecast the load behavior during power systems restoration. Two methodologies were implemented. The first one is the Top-Down Heuristic Method, based on rules extracted from expert experiences and also on past events, that yields an approximate representation of the load behavior at a low computational effort. In this method, the uncertainties associated to the variables and rules are modeled using fuzzy logic. The second method is the Bottom-Up White-Box Method that alows a more adequate representation of the load behavior, by modelling both the functioning of individual equipments and the physical phenomena involved with the reenergization process. In this methodology, the implemented models take into account the residential, the commercial and the industrial consume parcels and the control type of each equipment (thermostatically controlled, fixed and manually controlled). Tests and simulations were carried out in order to verify the adequacy of the proposed methodologies and to compare the advantages and disadvantages of each one / Doutorado / Energia Eletrica / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

Today, there are many technologies available for developing cross-platform desktop apps. JavaFX is a software platform based on the Java language. It has a set of features that play a role in its success. On the other hand, Electron is a new framework that allows developers to employ web technologies (JavaScript, HTML, and CSS) to create cross-platform desktop applications. This thesis describes and compares between these two frameworks. The purpose of this report is to provide guidance in choosing the right technique for a particular cross-platform desktop application. Simple cross-platform desktop applications have been developed to compare both approaches as well as find the advantages and disadvantages. The results show that both apps satisfied the functional and nonfunctional requirements. Each framework architecture has its own advantage in building particular apps. Both frameworks have rich APIs as well as rich GUI components for building desktop apps. Electron has good documentation and community help, but it cannot be compared to JavaFX. The Electron app gives faster execution time and less memory usage than JavaFX app. However, the implementation of OOP concepts in Electron using JavaScript has some concerns in terms of encapsulation and inheritance.

This dissertation defines "modular-objective coupling", and shows that programming language designs which imply reduced modular-objective coupling reduce complexity of remodularizations--behaviour-preserving restructurings for which the only intended goals are to change program source code structure. We explicitly distinguish between two points of view on program structure: modular structure--the structure of a program as a set of static text documents, and objective structure--the structure of a program as a dynamic computational model during execution. We define modular-objective coupling as the degree to which changes in modular structure imply changes to objective structure, for a given programming language. We use the term remodularization to refer to any behaviour-preserving source code restructuring, for which the only intended goal is to change modular structure. We argue that programming languages with strong modular-objective coupling introduce accidental complexity into remodularizations, by requiring complex objective structure changes to achieve intended modular structure changes. Our claim is that a programming language design which implies reduced modular-objective coupling reduces remodularization complexity in the language. To validate this claim, we first present SubjectJ, a subject-oriented programming system that extends Java. The design of Java implies strong modular-objective coupling, while SubjectJ is designed for reduced modular-objective coupling. We then perform a series of remodularization case studies comparing Java and SubjectJ. Our results suggest that remodularizations are less complex in SubjectJ. / Science, Faculty of / Computer Science, Department of / Graduate

Im Rahmen der Arbeit in der damaligen DFG-Forschungsgruppe ¨Scientific Parallel Computing¨ wurde ein hierarchischer paralleler Netzgenerator fuer das Finite-Elemente- Programmpaket SPC-PM CFD unter dem Namen NETGEN69 entwickelt. Als Programmiersprache wurde seinerzeit - wie auch in den FEM-Programmen selbst - FORTRAN benutzt. Im Rahmen des Teilprojektes B2 im Sonderforschungsbereich 393 bestand nunmehr die Aufgabe, den Netzgenerator in ein objektorientiertes Layout zu fassen und in C++zu implementieren. Die Beschreibung von Ein- und Ausgabedaten kann in [3] nachgelesen werden. Die Form der Eingabedaten hat sich aus Kompatibilitaetsgruenden nicht geaendert und wird auch in Zukunft so beibehalten werden. Auch das der Assemblierung und FEM-Rechnung zuge- wandte Interface wurde vorerst nicht geaendert. Ein Wrapper, der fuer die Generierung der erwarteten Ausgabedaten aus den netzgeneratoreigenen Datenbestaenden sorgt, ist derzeit in Planung. Diese Lösung ist freilich nur voruebergehender Natur; sie ermoeglicht es uns, den Netzgenerator innerhalb der FEM-Bibliotheken zu testen.

[pt] Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta a utilização do novo paradigma de desenvolvimento de software, a programação orientada a objetos (OOP), na modelagem em redes de transportes. A utilização da OOP visa, através de suas características: herança, polimorfismo e encapsulamento, aumentar a flexibilidade, produtividade e eficiência dos softwares desenvolvidos segundo seus princípios. O programa desenvolvido, visa servir como uma ferramenta de auxílio a tomada de decisão, a nível estratégico, no planejamento de redes de transportes urbanos. O software faz a alocação de fluxos em redes buscando minimizar o custo do usuário, ou seja, segundo o primeiro princípio de Wardrop. Este estudo foi baseado no método Fusion, que propõe uma abordagem sistemática para o desenvolvimento de software orientado a objetos. O método também está voltado para requisitos de desenvolvimento para e com reutilização. Será feita uma abordagem a nível de análise, projeto e implementação. / [en] This Master thesis presents the utilization in transport modeling the new paradigm in software development, the Object Oriented Program (OOP). The using of OOP seeks improve the flexibility, productivity and efficiency in software developed under such principles. This will be done thought its characteristics: inheritance, polymorphism and encapsulation. The application of the OOP principles has been done adjusting the software TRAFFIC, developed in the University of Montreal. The model will be used like a decision making tool for the urban network transportation planning, ai a strategic level. The software assigns vehicle flows on road networks in order to minimize the user cost, following the first Wardrop`s principle. This research has been based on the Fusion method, that presents a systematic approach for development of object oriented software. The method also is directed toward the requirements of development with and for reutilization. The study will be developed at the level of analysis, project and implementation. / [es] Esta disertación de mestrado presenta la utilización del nuevo paradigma de desarrollo de software, la programación orientada a objetos (OOP), en la modelaje de redes de transportes. La utilización de la OOP tiene como objetivo, a través de sus características (herencia, polimorfismo y encapsulamiento) aumentar la flexibilidad, productividad y eficiencia de los softwares desarrollados según sus principios. El programa desarrollado sirve como herramienta de auxilio a la toma de decisión, a nivel estratégico, en la planificación de redes de transportes urbanos. El software configura los flujos en redes buscando minimizar el costo del usuario, o sea, según el primer princípio de Wardrop. Este estudio está basado en el método Fusión, que propone una abordaje sistemática para el desarrollo de software orientado a objetos. El método también considera requisitos de desarrollo para y con reutilización. Se realiza una abordaje a nível de análise, proyecto e implementación.

Process patterns allow the modular modelling and adaptable application of business processes. Present descriptions of process patterns show defects like non-uniform and unequivocal description forms and missing relationship definitions. These defects disadvantageously affect the effective usage of process patterns. In this work we introduce the language PROPEL (Process Pattern Description Language), which provides concepts for the semiformal description of process patterns and relationships between process patterns. With the help of PROPEL single process patterns can be modelled and, by definition of relationships, be composed to more complicated processes. With the representation of different views of a process pattern catalog the process patterns and their relationships can be shown clearly. An example illustrates how a process pattern catalog and the contained process patterns are modelled. It is shown that in applying PROPEL the complexity of a process model can be reduced and inconsistencies of processes be eliminated.

This thesis studies the use of the functional reactive programming (FRP) framework reactive-banana in a prototype which simulates a part of a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) base station: the Radio Resource Control connection setup procedure. The investigated problem is to determine whether using this FRP framework leads to an implementation with suitable performance and improved maintainability compared to the current implementation. Enhancing the maintainability of the base station software enables quicker and more efficient maintenance activities, which lead to an improved customer satisfaction. Moreover, it means that less programmers need to work on maintenance, so they can work on developing new products instead. In order to compare the use of the FRP paradigm to the one currently used in the base station implementation, the object-oriented programming (OOP) paradigm, a second prototype using this paradigm was also implemented. Having two prototypes implementing the same designed reference model (which is a simplified version of the Radio Resource Control connection setup procedure) enables a relevant comparison of the two paradigms. The two prototypes were then compared in terms of performance and maintainability. The maintainability evaluation consisted in using both software metrics and experts’ assessment, as this has been proven to be the most efficient way to evaluate software maintainability. Four experts were asked to fill in a questionnaire after reviewing the code of the two implementations. The comparison of the two prototypes indicates that the FRP prototype is more maintainable than the OOP one, but the OOP prototype has better performances than the FRP one. Moreover, the performance of the FRP prototype during the conducted tests indicates that such an implementation of the FRP paradigm is not suitable for a real base station.