Basically, state compensation liability can be sorted to: One is caused by the public servant who exercises public power while executing duties(namely human liability) and the other is caused by deficient installation or management of public-owned and public facilities (namely liability of an object). They are two pivots related to compensation liability of the existing State Compensation Law. Although cases of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau are increasing year by year during the enforcement of State Compensation Law for more than twenty years, all of them are from lawless liability of public servants and deficient liability of public-owned and public facilities. The research is mainly to analyze and discuss cases of state compensation of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau and targets are police officers of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau as the priority. Concerning general public servants of other organizations and ¡§public servants having duties of judgment and prosecution,¡¨ they belong to special regulation of State Compensation Law, so they are not within the scope of the research. To pursue accuracy and precision, the research analyzed cases of state compensation of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau during recent five years (2001 to 2005) to discuss whether there is room for improvement among five structures of our legal system of state compensation liability, including principles of legislation, organizational structure, authority design and application, relief & aftercare, and supervision & evaluation, and then provide Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau with concrete ways and suggestions in handling cases of state compensation in the future.

I have chosen the topic of this diploma thesis for its relevance. The number of ordered executions is still high and the ratio between rights and obligations on the part of individual subjects of the execution proceeding is unclear. The diploma thesis discusses subjects of the execution proceeding according to the Execution Procedure Act. It analyses who can be subject and participant of the execution proceeding, the status of the subjects, their role in execution proceeding and also their rights and duties. The aim of the diploma thesis is to compare the position of individual subjects, describe how the execution can affect lives not only of the obligated and entitled subjects but also lives of third parties and to elaborate on future legislation. The diploma thesis is, except for the introduction and the conclusion, divided into ten chapters. The beginning is devoted to general questions regarding subjects and participants of the proceeding and the proceeding itself. Then it discusses individual subjects of the execution proceeding. The last chapter focuses on the discussion about future legislation.

Covid-19 pandemin har lett till flera förändringar i det svenska samhället och organisationer har behövt anpassa sig till de rådande rekommendationerna som folkhälsomyndigheten har gått ut med. Det har inneburit att flera medarbetare runt om i landet har tvingats arbeta på distans. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka medarbetares upplevda arbetstillfredsställelse och arbetsmotivation under det påtvingade distansarbetet. Studien har sin teoretiska utgångspunkt i Herzbergs tvåfaktor teori för att förklara samt analysera respondenternas upplevda arbetstillfredsställelse och self-determination theory för att förklara samt analysera respondenternas upplevda arbetsmotivation. Det har genomförts en kvalitativ studie där insamlingen av empiri gjordes genom fjorton semistrukturerade intervjuer. Det genomfördes ett icke-sannolikhetsurval och avgränsades till svenska medarbetare som arbetar på kontor. Resultatet visar på att den största förändringen som respondenterna upplever är kommunikationen mellan arbetskollegor och chefer. En gemensam upplevelse framträdde där respondenterna beskrev att den sociala kontakten har påverkats negativt och att den fysiska kontakten med sina arbetskollegor och chefer minskat. Resultatet visar på att respondenterna upplever en större autonomi till upplägget av deras arbetsdag samt att de upplever en mer flexibilitet i att arbeta hemifrån. Det dras inte en generell slutsats men det konstateras att arbetsmotivationen förbättras kopplat till respondenters autonomi, arbetsmotivationen försämras kopplat till samhörighet och arbetsmissnöjet ökar kopplat till respondenternas relation till kollegor och chefer. / The purpose of this study is to investigate employees perceived work satisfaction and work motivation during the obligated teleworking that has emerged due to Covid-19. The study has its theoretical basis in Herzberg two-factor theory to explain and analyse the respondents perceived work satisfaction, and self-determination theory to explain and analyse the respondents work motivation. A qualitative study was conducted where fourteen semi structured interviews took place. The selection of participants was limited to Swedish employees who work in an office. The results shows that the biggest change respondents perceived was communication between co-workers and managers. The respondents describe a decline in social contact, and they perceive a negative effect regarding their relationship between co-workers and managers. The result shows a greater perceived autonomy and flexibility linked to work arrangement. The study does not draw a general conclusion but what can be stated is that the work motivation is lower due to a negative effect on relatedness and that the autonomy leads to a higher work motivation. The negative effect on respondent’s relationship between co-workers and managers leads to a higher dissatisfaction. The study is written in Swedish.

La fiducie est à la fois un concept ancien et un outil moderne protéiforme, capable de remplir les fonctions les plus diverses. Introduite en 2007 en droit français, la fiducie prend de l’ampleur et il devient nécessaire de s’intéresser à une problématique essentielle : la responsabilité du fiduciaire. La fiducia romaine comme le trust anglo-saxon ont montré que l’efficacité de sa mise en œuvre était primordiale pour assurer le succès de l’institution. Pourtant, les textes relatifs à la fiducie sont largement incomplets, tant en ce qui concerne le mécanisme lui-même, que la responsabilité de son principal acteur, le fiduciaire. A cet égard, l’article 2026 du Code civil donne pour toute indication que « le fiduciaire est responsable, sur son patrimoine propre, des fautes qu'il commet dans l'exercice de sa mission ». Ambigüe et discutable, cette disposition ne révèle pas tout son sens à première lecture. L’analyse historique, comparative et exégétique des textes permet de comprendre le mécanisme de la fiducie. Un régime cohérent de responsabilité du fiduciaire – à la fois propriétaire et obligé, à la tête d’un patrimoine d’affectation – peut alors être dégagé, qui réalise l’équilibre entre les différents intérêts en présence, tout en assurant la protection du constituant et du bénéficiaire. / The trust is both an ancient concept and a modern instrument which can fulfill the most diverse functions. Introduced in France in 2007, the French fiducie is growing and it has become necessary to focus on a key issue : the liability of the French trustee. Roman fiducia and the Anglo-Saxon trust have shown that the efficiency of its implementation was crucial to the success of the institution. Yet, the rules regarding the fiducie mechanism and the liability of its main actor are largely incomplete. In this regard, Article 2026 of the French Civil code only indicates that “the trustee is responsible, on his own property, for breaches of the trust committed during the performance of its mission”. Ambiguous and debatable, this provision does not reveal its meaning at first reading. An historical, comparative and exegetical analysis entitles the reader to understand the mechanism of the French fiducie. A coherent structure of the liability of the French trustee – both owner of a separate patrimony and debtor to the settlor and the beneficiary – can be drawn, which results in a balanced system between the different interests in consideration, while ensuring the protection of the settlor and the beneficiary.