The Israeli-Palestinian conflict brings up many questions considering and reaching into several different spheres, including the spheres of law. This thesis focuses on the question of the organized resistance movement against occupation and on its legal status. It is known that the inhabitants of every occupied territory are allowed to protect themselves and their territory from the occupier, thus they are allowed to resist the occupation and to claim a recognition of their resistance movement and of its acts as legal acts. Although the resistance movement is a well known term, there is no official definition of this movement and its legal framework is quite narrow; it only establishes the characteristics needed in order for its members to gain a status and a legal protection similar to the regular combatants. It is limited from its name that the resistance movement against occupation may only exists in the territory where an actual occupation takes place. In order to characterize the organized resistance movement against occupation in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, it is necessary for this thesis to first answer several supporting questions concerning the actual status of the specific conflict and look closer whether or not is the concerned territory actually occupied. After reaching a...

Les vallées du bassin versant de la Maine forment des paysages diversifiés soumis à des enjeux multiples(étalement urbain, activités agricoles, boisements). Les interactions entre l’eau et les activités humainesprésentent une certaine variabilité. Pour rendre compte des caractéristiques des vallées, de leurs diversités et deleurs singularités, la recherche est fondée sur les descripteurs objectifs (matériels) en utilisant d’une approche multiscalaire et reproductible. Une typologie des types de vallées est réalisée en s’appuyant sur une approche morphologique (MNT/analyse spatiale) pour caractériser les morphologies de vallées et une approche des modes d’occupation du sol (traitement d’images LANDSAT ETM+7) pour renseigner les types de couvertures du sol.23 types des paysages de vallées sont identifiés. La typologie met surtout en évidence la diversité de paysages devallée, pourtant souvent négligée par les approches classiques. La confrontation des résultats de cette typologieavec les atlas des paysages valide les types de vallées. Un suivi des changements dans les vallées du bassinversant de la Maine est mesuré, à partir d’images LANDSAT TM 1984 et ETM 2003, en utilisant les outilsgéomatiques (télédétection, SIG et techniques statistiques). Les méthodes et les procédures adoptées dans cetterecherche sont la cartographie de l’occupation du sol, l’obtention d’indicateurs et la cartographie deschangements. Les vallées intermédiaires sont les vallées les plus soumises aux changements, alors qu’aucontraire, les vallées jugées remarquables (gorges, vallées très encaissées et les basses vallées) sont les valléesayant le moins évolué. La détection des changements par type de vallées met en avant l’intérêt de combinaisond’approches morphologiques et d’approches d’occupation du sol, ce qui permet de montrer l’influence de naturedes reliefs à l’évolution d’occupation du sol. La confrontation des types de vallées avec les politiques paysagèrespermet de mettre en évidence le rôle des acteurs dans la gestion de ces espaces. Ainsi, le travail avec d’autrestypes des données, d’autres zones et avec une échelle plus fine permet de valider les résultats tirés des vallées dubassin versant de la Maine. / The valleys of Maine Basin contain diverse landscapes subjected to multiple issues (urban sprawl, agriculturalactivities, and afforestation). The interactions between water and human activities have some variability. In orderto reveal the characteristics of the valleys, their diversity and their singularities, the research is based on thedescriptors objectives (hardware) using a multi-scale approach and reproducible. A typology of types of valleysis performed based on a morphological approach (MNT / spatial analysis) to characterize morphological formsvalleys and approach patterns of land cover (processing of images LANDSAT ETM +7) to inform the types ofland cover. The typology particularly highlights the diverse landscapes of valleys often neglected by classicapproaches. Comparing the results of this typology with the atlas reveals the importance of landscape andvalidation of type’s valleys. Monitoring changes in the valleys of Maine Basin is measured from LANDSAT TM1984 and ETM 2003, using geometrics tools (remote sensing, GIS and geo-statistical techniques). The methodsand procedures adopted in this research were the cartographic of land cover, subtraction indicators and mappingchanges. The intermediate valleys are valleys most subject to change, but, on the contrary, remarkable valleys(gorges, valleys and very steep low valleys) are the valleys less subject to change. The change detection byvalleys types emphasizes the interest combining morphological approach and the approach of land cover andthereby shows the influence the nature of reliefs to changing land cover. The confrontation the types of valleyswith landscape policies can highlight the role of stakeholders in the management of these areas. Thus, workingwith other types of data, and other areas with a finer scale can validate the results from the valleys of MaineBasin.

Dès 1890, les footballeurs français de haut niveau ont suscité l’intérêt de publics toujours plus nombreux. Mais s’ils ont été les premiers à attirer l'attention de l'opinion, il s'avère que les entraîneurs, qui sont demeurés longtemps méconnus, ont joué un rôle primordial dans l'évolution et les progrès du football français. A partir des années 1920, ils investissent le champ du ballon rond et tentent d'imposer leur vision de la pratique et de l'entraînement. Mais ils se heurtent à divers obstacles qui entraveront leur influence durant des décennies. L'ensemble des entraîneurs professionnels ne se constitue en véritable profession qu'à partir des années 1950, en s'appuyant sur une « Amicale », une organisation déterminante dans la structuration de leur identité, ainsi que sur une formation performante. Les entraîneurs deviennent plus visibles aux yeux du grand public depuis les années 1980. Mais en fait cette exposition médiatique est à double tranchant : si elle permet de souligner leur rôle dans les progrès du football français, elle met davantage encore en péril une stabilité professionnelle qui leur a toujours été contestée. L'histoire de la profession des entraîneurs s'organise autour de l'action d'individualités déterminantes comme Gabriel Hanot ou Georges Boulogne, mais également d'actions collectives souvent initiées par leur syndicat, mais aussi par leur hiérarchie représentée par la Direction Technique Nationale. Ces hommes et ces organisations ont pris conscience que l'action des entraîneurs ne se limite pas au terrain, ni à l'entraînement et à la compétition et que leur profession présente de nombreuses caractéristiques du travail des cadres. / Since 1890, élite French footballers have become the centre of interest for an ever increasing number of people. But although players were the first to attract attention, it is taken for granted that coaches played the most prominent role in the evolution and improvement of French soccer. However, they remained largely unknown for many years. As early as the 1920s, they invested the area of French soccer and tried to teach their own perception of how to train for an play the game. But they faced some difficulties, which would slow their influence for several decades. Coaching did not become a real occupation till the 1950s, when they created an organization called “Amicale”, which played a decisive part in establishing their own identity as well as creating an efficient academy process. Coaches have become better known by the general public since the 1980s, but this new media coverage is a two-edged sword: on the one hand, it gives them credit for their action in improving French football, but on the other hand it threatens more and more their professional stability, which they have always been denied. The history of professional coaching suggests we take a look at the action of decisive individuals like Gabriel Hanot or Georges Boulogne, but also at collective actions which were often driven by their own union, or by their hierarchy through the D.T.N. (National Technical Direction). These men and organizations have become aware of the fact that coaching does not amount to the practice pitch alone, nor to training and competition, and that their occupation shows many similarities to managerial work.

This thesis is about modern Jewish history in the territory of Czechoslovakia, specifically the history of 2WW. It maps the fate of Jews under the new circumstances that had prevailed right after the declaration of the Protectorat of Bohemia and of Moravia, on the 15th of March, 1939. In keeping with those changes according to the new political system that was forcibly implemented, new and new anti-Jewish regulations were published with a view of total displacement of Jews from society and their total liquidation in compliance with Hitler's "final solution". It emphasizes some attempts to save Jews not only by "ordinary non-aryan people", but also by the Jewish resistance and last but not least by the government in exile. This work attempts to explain what led rescuers to their actions and their motivations, including some known rescuers, such as Nicholas Winton and Přemysl Pitter.

The thesis deals with impact of the Nazi occupation on the church administration. The aim is to describe as thoroughly as possible the results of the occupation of the Czech borderland as well as remaining area Bohemia and Moravia for the church administration and also to touch some other questions related to this theme. I chose this topic because of my interest in history. The issues of churches and religion societies are also close to me. During writing Master's degree thesis I studied special literature and I visited bishopric in České Budějovice and National archive. The work is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter deals with the occupation of the Czech borderland by German army and subsequent government at this region. The second chapter describes the impact of the occupation on the Roman Catholic Church administration, namely administration in individual dioceses, commissariats of Wroclaw archdiocese on the Czech territory, attempts to fill the vacancy of diocesan bishops from the part of the Apostolic See and consequences for the structure of congregations. The third chapter outlines German church politics and its impact on the church life in the occupied borderland, especially relationship of believers to the national issue, German steps aimed against churches, persecution of...

The postwar Constitution of Japan is one of the foremost legacies of american occupation. The aim of this study is to describe the circumstances of its creation, to evaluate the roles and motivations of the parties and individuals concerned, and to answer the following question: To what extent was the constitution imposed on Japan and to what extent was its contents a compromise? The study tries to emphasize the role of interaction between the GHQ and the japanese government prior to the presentation of the draft to the Imperial Diet. The focus is put on the analysis of the events of March 4th and 5th, during which the american and the japanese visions of postwar Japan clashed most dramatically.

BACKGROUND: This study focuses on a very sensitive and underestimated topic of drug addiction among medical staff. There is necessary interdisciplinary approach, focusing on psychosocial and environmental factors involved in the etiology of addiction among medical staff. The profession of paramedical staff demands to work with people and responsibility for their lives, so it is important that this work must be performed by a person in mental and physical well-being for performing adequate quality of care. Despite the awareness and exploration of burnout syndrome, the occurrence is still a current issue. Manifested mainly as a reaction to the working stress (Kebza, Šolcová, 2004). This working stress may penetrate also into the overall quality of life (Křivohlavý, 2013). Frequent helper in the stages of burnout syndrome is drinking alcohol, which shows the effects of antidepressants, which can be progress to alcoholism in certain situations (Ühlinger, 2009). OBJECTIVES: The research objective of this study is to determine the relation between alcohol consumption, occurrence of burnout syndrome and subjective evaluation of life quality among paramedical staff working in the hospital. METHODS: The study was performed by quantitative form and realized through standardized psychological instruments:...

M.A. / The aim of the present essay is the study of the Resistance which took place in the area of Kalavrita and Egialia between 1941-1944 and how it is re-lated to the Resistance in the rest of Greece, using everyday people’s memo-ries. More specifically, we are going to find the impact of the geomorphology of the area on the development of the Resistance and the importance of the lo-cal history and traditions on the development of the patriotic feeling of the ar-ea’s citizens. Moreover, we are going to study the factors which led to the crea-tion and development of Resistance, the impact of the Communist party and ideas and of other factors, and the role of the allies’ diplomacy. Although many books and essays have been written about that period of time, the history of Greek Resistance is not complete yet, as they used to em-phasise the patriotic aspect, minimizing the importance of the Resistance in so-cial aspects, and the impact on the lives of everyday people. Moreover, most of the local history talks about the facts in the town of Kalavrita, and less is known about the Resistance in the rest of Achaia. However, there are still un-exploited sources, like interviews, diaries and photos. Their study will result in a more complete understanding of the local history and also in the preservation of these important memories of the people who were alive at that time. For this study, the quality methods of interviews and field study will be used. Qualitative analysis will be used to extract similarities and differences with other studies, so as to generate new evidence for the local history. This essay will contain 3 major parts. In the 1st part, we are going to discuss what was happening in Greece just before the beginning of the 2nd World War. More specifically, we will speak about the position of the Greek expedition from the day of capitulation (April 1943), till the organisation of the Resistance towards the German and Italian expeditions. Then we are going to find out what was going on in the same period in the regions of Kalavrita and Egialia (summer 1943) during the first years of the war. Moreover, we are go-ing to explore the everyday life of the Greek people, how the Greek society changed due to German and Italian army and the more or less important facts which helped in the organisation of the local Resistance, as these facts were presented in the local newspapers. In the first part, we are going to speak exten-sively about the birth of the Greek Resistance. We will also speak about the re-sisting organised teams, armed or not, in the local area and in the whole of Greece which were related to the Resistance. More specifically, we are going to speak about the people who took part in these teams, the way they were or-ganised and the relations they had with each other and similar European teams. Also, we are going to find out the relations with the political parties, so as to discover the political ideas of these teams. Moreover, we will talk about the le-gal and illegal mass media of the time, the way they were organised and their importance in the development of Resistance, through the newspapers and the testimonies of the people who lived of that time.

D.Litt et Phil. / Questions relating to organisational roles in industry are studied in terms of personality factors as well as the associated group behaviours. A two dimensional model is conceptually constructed according to which eight role sets can be placed in relation to Introversion vs Extroversion on one axis and Group vs Self Orientation on the other. The research is aimed at establishing the homogeneity of natural work groups and comparing the preferred team role profiles of different groups with one another. By means of the procedure and methodology used in the study it becomes possible to analyse group compositions, establish role requirements and to compare these role requirements with an individual's role preferences. A questionnaire, that measures a person's predisposition towards these roles, was used for ranking the order of 1415 respondent's role preferences. The statistical significance of the homogeneity of 40 organisational job groups are calculated by means of the Kendall Coefficient of Concordance and reported in the study. The different group profiles are compared using the Chi-square statistic for 2x2 tables. By means of this comparison, the similarities and differences between job groups are indicated in terms of status level, hierarchical relationships, titles and job types. Significant homogeneity, below the 0.05% level, is reported for 90% of the job-related groups selected for the study. Of these homogeneous groups, 75% indicated significance levels below 0.001%. The similarities and differences between groups were identified for each role set and meaningful conclusions could be reached regarding the reasons why these differences were observed. The conclusions drawn from the study are that job-related groups are homogeneous in terms of role composition, that differences between groups are significant, and that the extent of a person's adaptation to meet the requirements of another role can be judged according to his predispositions towards that role.

D.Ed. (Educational Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract