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Diplomová práce se zabývá nejznámějšími úlohami celočíselného programování a typickými úlohami z teorie grafů. Zahrnuje formulace matematických modelů, pojednává o metodách řešení těchto úloh a uvádí přehled v současné době nejpoužívanějšího software určeného k jejich optimalizaci. Těžiště práce spočívá v aplikaci vytvořené v prostředí MS Excel a napojené na optimalizační prostředí systému MPL for Windows. Tento celek umožňuje řešit typové celočíselné úlohy a představuje praktickou ukázku způsobu vnoření matematických modelů do vlastních aplikací.

The reasons of the contemporaly regulation in the waste management regarding the theoretical basis (on that the regulation is built) are the main objectives of this work. Because of high induced costs of the erroneous state measures built on wrong expectations in the economy and because of less effectiveness and efficiency of these measures this analysis is very important. The test of induced costs should be accomplished on the example of the deposit system on one-way containers (PET bottles and cans), which should be implemented into the public law in the Czech republic in next few years. Hardly any measure in the waste management is provoking so intensive diskussion, as the deposit system on some beverages does. What is the main reason? Especially the rise of abatement costs by subjects influenced by the deposit system and the influence on the system of separate collection. The deposit system and the separate collection are competitive systems because of the reciprocal relationship. Regarding the driving forces of the regulation the main goal of this work is the modelling of costs and benefits of the deposit system in the Czech republic and the analysis of the decision making proces of affected subjects.

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