This thesis proposes a new bandpass filter prototype modified based on T-type coupled resonator architecture by considering the parasitic shunt capacitance effect. After derivation, the new prototype can be proved equivalent to third-order Chebyshev bandpass filter. It is easy to realize the new prototype circuit by utilizing the inductor and capacitor library established from electromagnetic simulations. The couplings between circuit components can cause some transmission zeros to enhance attenuation rate at stopbands. This thesis designs several bandpass filters embedded in 4-layer laminate package substrate with center frequency at 2.45GHz. The measurement results show that most of these filters can achieve less than 1.7dB insertion loss and more than 14dB return loss at passband, and more than 30dB attenuation at 950MHz, 4.8GHz and 7.2GHz. One of the filters has a size of 1.9¡Ñ2.7mm2, which is the smallest area for the currently reported bandpass filters embedded in the organic package substrate.

The thesis is mainly divided into three parts. The first part will discuss about structures, manufacture, and design flow of embedded passives in organic and flexible substrates, and the results of measurement and electromagnetic (EM) simulation will be compared as well. Second part will discuss the theory and the process of establishing broadband model, and the broadband model will be compared to Pi model and EM simulation. In the third part, we will try to design embedded bandpass filters in organic substrate by the experience of establishing the library of embedded passives. Because of lacking of the fabrication of large capacitance devices in organic substrate, we design bandpass filters by using T type in order to limit the lump devices in the larger inductance and smaller capacitance. The final result of the filters are small in size and have high performance, thus they can be well applied to the RF system in chip (SIP) of wireless communication.

This thesis is mainly divided into two parts. The first part discusses in detail design flow of the coupled-resonator bandpass filters, including basic theory of synthesis and the procedure of electromagnetic (EM) simulation. In the second part, by using the above-mentioned design flow, different structure filters have been implemented on organic substrates. The coupled-resonator BPF designs are verified to overcome the elements¡¦ parasitic effects, and thus can be optimized with high degree of freedom. In practice, a 3rd-order bandpass filter by coupling three spiral resonators has been proposed and implemented, having miniature and wide stopband characteristics. Finally, a two-layer 4th-order cross-couple bandpass filter with a pair of transmission zeros has been also proposed and implemented, achieving a significant size reduction of 50% compared with the single-layer design. The simulation and measurement results have good agreement for all design cases in this thesis.

A busca por fontes de energia é algo inerente à história da sociedade. O impacto da revolução industrial e a evolução da produção manufaturada, forçaram a um crescimento do uso dos combustíveis fósseis. Crises do petróleo, crescimento populacional, tratados ambientais e o reconhecimento da influência das atividades humanas nos fenômenos de mudanças climáticas levaram ao aprofundamento das pesquisas e aplicações em Energias Renováveis e fontes menos poluentes. Dentre essas diversas pesquisas destaca-se o desenvolvimento de células eletroquímicas, que em muitas vezes, estão relacionadas à problemas de poluição ambiental. Células eletroquímicas são dispositivos capazes de gerar e acumular energia através de reações químicas e bioquímicas. Estudos nessa área são importantes, visto que muitas vezes existem dúvidas de ordem técnica para suas aplicações no design de produtos eletroeletrônicos, que buscam reduzir seu impacto, principalmente, no descarte final. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa buscou contribuir com dados técnico-científicos orientadores para a geração da microenergia, a partir da utilização de materiais naturais para fabricação da célula bioquímica. Diante desse objetivo, foram selecionados materiais naturais dentre um conjunto de folhas de espécies comuns no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com possível potencial para atuarem como eletrólito na microgeração de energia de corrente contínua. Após os ensaios de caracterização, foram montados sistemas de células eletroquímicas composta por eletrodos de Cobre e Zinco e os materiais selecionados como eletrólito. Os resultados apontaram que as folhas de limão, de bergamota, e de laranja apresentam um potencial para geração de energia. Com base na pesquisa, verificou-se que existem boas possibilidades para microgeração de energia utilizando eletrólitos com matérias naturais. / The search for energy sources is something inherent in the history of society. The impact of the industrial revolution and the evolution of manufactured production forced the use of fossil fuels to grow. Oil crises, population growth, environmental treaties and the recognition of the influence of human activities on the phenomena of climate change have led to the deepening of research and applications in Renewable Energies and less polluting sources. Among these several types of research the development of electrochemical cells, which in many cases, are related to the problems of environmental pollution, stands out. Electrochemical cells are devices capable of generating and accumulating energy through chemical and biochemical reactions. Studies in this area are important since there are often technical doubts for their applications in the design of electrical and electronic products, which seek to reduce their impact, mainly in the final disposal. In this sense, the present research sought to contribute to technical-scientific data guiding for the generation of micro-energy, from the use of natural materials to manufacture the biochemical cell. In view of this objective, natural materials were selected from a set of leaves of common species in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with a potential to act as an electrolyte in the micro energy generation of direct current. After the characterization tests, electrochemical cell systems composed of Copper and Zinc electrodes and the materials selected as electrolyte were assembled. The results indicated that lemon, bergamot, and orange leaves have a potential for energy generation. Based on the research, it was verified that there are good possibilities for microgeneration of energy using electrolytes with natural materials.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-20T18:25:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - F?bio Ferreira Cruvinel.pdf: 1438823 bytes, checksum: 49768f1c89baea668d06d925b16c5e0c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-20T18:25:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - F?bio Ferreira Cruvinel.pdf: 1438823 bytes, checksum: 49768f1c89baea668d06d925b16c5e0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / CAPES / The pitaya (Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose) has an exotic shape, pleasant taste, easy digestibility and antioxidant properties, which have given greater demands in the Brazilian market for this fruit in recent years. The production of seedlings is a determining factor for the successful installation of pitaias orchards and the use of phytoregulators such as BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and organic substrates, such as millipede-compost, in the production of seedlings of this fruit is still little reported. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of BAP and millipede-compost on the production of pitaia seedlings. Pitaia cuttings from Fazendinha Agroecol?gica - Km 47, in the town of Serop?dica-RJ, were used. The stakes were standardized with 20 cm in length. The experiment with the phytoregulator was conducted in the greenhouse sector of the UFRRJ and the cuttings planted in substrate composed of sand and bovine manure in a ratio of 1: 1 by volume in a completely randomized design (DIC) in a factorial scheme (2X4) with 4 replicates: (2) By immersion and incision made at the apex of cladodes stakes versus (4) four doses of BAP (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg.L-1) were applied. Non-destructive Growth Analysis was performed and the simple correlations were calculated with the climatic data obtained at the Ecologia Automatic Station in Serop?dica-RJ. For the experiment with the millipede compost, the cutting was conducted in pots with three types of substrates: Gongocomposto, Biomix? and sand + bovine manure (1: 1 by volume) in DIC with five replicates. The results showed a linear tendency in number of shoots and quadratic tendency in other parameters (length, fresh and dry weight) evaluated with use of BAP. There was a correlation between the growth rates of the pitaya with the data of Global Solar Radiation of the 19h (22h UTC) period. The use of the gongocomposto showed larger and more vigorous plants of pitaia. / O fruto da pitaieira (Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose) apresenta forma ex?tica, sabor agrad?vel, f?cil digestibilidade e propriedades antioxidantes, caracter?sticas essas que proporcionaram maiores demandas no mercado brasileiro por essa fruta nos ?ltimos anos. A produ??o de mudas ? um fator determinante para o sucesso da instala??o de pomares de pitaias e o uso de fitorreguladores como o BAP (6-benzilaminopurina) e substratos org?nicos, como o gongocomposto, na produ??o de mudas desta frut?fera ainda ? pouco relatado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito do BAP e gongocomposto na produ??o de mudas de pitaia. Utilizaram-se estacas de pitaieira proveniente da Fazendinha Agroecol?gica ? Km 47, no munic?pio de Serop?dica-RJ. As estacas foram padronizadas com 20 cm de comprimento. O experimento com o fitorregulador foi conduzido no setor de olericultura da UFRRJ, em casa de vegeta??o e as estacas plantadas em substrato composto por areia e esterco bovino na propor??o 1:1 em volume em Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado (DIC), com 4 repeti??es, em esquema fatorial (2X4), sendo (2) por imers?o e incis?o feita no ?pice das estacas dos clad?dios versus (4) quatro doses da citocinina BAP (0, 50, 100 e 150 mg.L-1). Foi realizada a An?lise de Crescimento n?o destrutiva e foram calculadas as correla??es simples com os dados clim?ticos obtidos na Esta??o Autom?tica Ecologia em Serop?dica-RJ. Para o experimento com o gongocomposto a estaquia foi conduzida em vasos com tr?s tipos de substratos: Gongocomposto, Biomix? e areia+esterco bovino (1:1 em volume) em DIC com cinco repeti??es. Os resultados mostraram uma tend?ncia linear positiva no n?mero de brota??es e quadr?tica para o incremento de comprimento, peso fresco e seco das brota??es para o uso da citocinina BAP no incremento de. Houve correla??o entre as taxas de crescimento da pitaia com os dados de Radia??o Solar Global do per?odo das 19h (22h UTC). O uso do gongocomposto proporcionou maiores e mais vigorosas mudas de pitaieira.

La méthanisation par voie sèche possède différents avantages par rapport à la méthanisation par voie humide. Les réacteurs sont plus petits, les besoins en eau sont moindres, la production de digestat et le prétraitement nécessaire sont également moins importants. Cependant, plusieurs études ont démontré que l'eau favorise l'hydrolyse du substrat et permet le transport des sous-produits d'hydrolyse et des nutriments vers les bactéries. Pour mieux comprendre le rôle de l'eau lors de la méthanisation, des tests de digestion sèche et semi-sèche à partir de substrats organiques complexes (déchets alimentaires, paille de riz, déchets de carotte), avec différentes teneurs en matière sèche de substrat traité ont été réalisées. Les résultats confirment que l'eau joue un rôle essentiel sur le taux de production spécifique de méthane, le rendement final de méthane généré et la dégradation de la matière volatile sèche (MVS). Le rendement final de méthane produit dans des conditions semi-sèches et sèches est respectivement de 51% et de 59% inférieur avec la paille de riz et 4% et 41% de moins pour les déchets alimentaires en comparaison avec des conditions humides. Des tests d'inhibition basés sur l'analyse des acides gras volatils (AGV) ont été menées pour étudier les processus d'inhibition spécifiques qui ont lieu avec les substrats sélectionnés à différentes teneurs en matière sèche. Pour le cas de la méthanisation par voie humide des déchets de carotte, aucune accumulation d'AGV a été trouvé, et toutes les concentrations d'AGV étaient inférieurs aux seuils d'inhibition. Une corrélation directe entre la teneur en matière sèche et la concentration totale d'AGV (AGVtot) a été mise en évidence pour la paille de riz et les déchets alimentaires. Pour la paille de riz, une concentration d'AGVtot maximale de 2,1 g / kg a été trouvé pour la voie sèche, 1 g / kg dans les conditions semi-sèche et 0,2 g / kg dans les conditions humides, alors que pour les déchets alimentaires la concentration d'AGVtot était de 10 g / kg à l'état sec, 9 g / kg dans les conditions semi-sèche et 3 g / kg dans les conditions humides. Un modèle mathématique de la méthanisation de substrats organiques complexes dans des conditions sèches et semi-sèche a été proposé pour simuler l'effet de la teneur en matière sèche sur le processus. Les données obtenues à partir d'expériences en mode batch, en termes de production de méthane et de concentration d'AGV, ont été utilisées pour calibrer le modèle proposé. Les paramètres cinétiques de production et d'élimination d'AGV ont été calibrés à l'aide des données expérimentales, et il a été montré qu'ils sont fortement dépendants de la teneur en matière sèche et différent des valeurs de la littérature concernant la méthanisation par voie humide. Cela est dû à l'accumulation d'AGV dans les conditions sèches, ce qui implique d'utiliser des valeurs plus élevées concernant les constantes d'inhibition introduites dans le modèle. Enfin, comme la méthanisation par voie sèche a généralement lieu dans des réacteurs à écoulement piston, une étude historique et critique de la littérature concernant la compréhension du rôle de l'hydrodynamique dans des bioréacteurs à écoulement piston a été réalisée / Dry Anaerobic Digestion (AD) presents different advantages if compared to wet AD, i.e. smaller reactor size, lesser water addition, digestate production and pretreatment needed, although several studies have demonstrated that water promotes substrate hydrolysis and enables the transfer of process intermediates and nutrients to bacterial sites. To better understand the role of water on AD, dry and semidry digestion tests of selected complex organic substrates (food waste, rice straw, carrot waste), with various TS contents of the treated biomass have been carried out in the present study. The results confirm that water plays an essential role on the specific methane production rate, final methane yield and Volatile Solids (VS) degradation. The final methane yield in semi-dry and dry conditions was 51% and 59% lower for rice straw and 4% and 41% lower for food waste, respectively, if compared with wet conditions. Inhibition tests, based on Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) analysis, were carried out to investigate the specific inhibition processes that take place with the selected substrates at different TS contents. In wet AD of carrot waste no VFA accumulation was found, and all VFA concentrations were lower than the inhibition limits. A direct correlation between TS content and total VFA (TVFA) concentration was noticed for rice straw and food waste AD. For rice straw a maximum TVFA concentration of 2.1 g/kg was found in dry condition, 1 g/kg in semidry conditions and 0.2 g/kg in wet conditions, whereas for food waste the TVFA concentration was 10 g/kg in dry condition, 9 g/kg in semidry conditions and 3 g/kg in wet conditions. A Mathematical model of complex organic substrate AD in dry and semidry conditions has been proposed to simulate the effect of TS content on the process. The data obtained from batch experiments, in terms of methane production and VFA concentrations, were used to calibrate the proposed model. The kinetic parameters of VFA production and degradation, calibrated using the experimental data, resulted highly dependent on the TS content and different from wet AD literature values. This is due to VFA accumulation in dry conditions, which implies higher values of the inhibition factors introduced in the model. Finally, as dry AD takes usually place in Plug Flow (PF) reactors, an historical and critical review on the role of hydrodynamics in PF bioreactors has been carried out

This research developed a dynamic activated sludge model (ASM) to better describe the overall removal of organic substrate, quantified as chemical oxygen demand (COD), from A-stage high rate activated sludge (HRAS) systems. This dynamic computer model is based on a modified ASM1 (Henze et al., 2000) model. It was determined early in the project that influent soluble COD, which is normally represented by a single state variable in ASM1, had to be subdivided into two state variables (SBs and SBf, or slow and fast fractions) to simulate the performance of A-stage systems. Also, the addition of state variables differentiating colloidal COD from suspended COD was necessary due to short hydraulic residence times in A-stage systems which do not allow for complete enmeshment and bioflocculation of these particles as occurs in conventional activated sludge systems (which have longer solid retention times and hydraulic retention times). It was necessary to add several processes (both stoichiometry and kinetic equations) to the original ASM1 model including heterotrophic growth on both soluble substrate fractions and bioflocculation of colloidal solids. How to properly quantify heterotrophic growth on SBs and SBf resulted in two separate approaches with respect to process kinetic equations. In one approach the SBf was metabolized preferentially over SBs which was only utilized when SBf was not available. This is referred to as the Diauxic Model. In the other approach SBf and SBs were metabolized simultaneously, and this is referred to as the Dual Substrate Model. The Dual Substrate Model calibrated slightly better than the Diauxic Model for one of the two available pilot studies data sets (the other set was used for model verification). The Dual Substrate A-stage model was used to describe the effects of varying specific operating parameters including solids retention time (SRT), dissolved oxygen (DO), influent COD and temperature on the effluent COD:N ratio. The effluent COD:N ratio target was based on its suitability for a downstream nitrite shunt (i.e. nitritation/denitritation) process. In the downstream process the goal is to eliminate nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) from the reactor while selecting for ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The results showed that a low SRT (< 0.25 d) can produce high effluent substrates (SB and CB), and elevated COD:N ratios consistent with NOB out-selection downstream, the HRAS model was able to predict the measured higher fraction of CB in the A-stage effluent at lower SRTs and DO concentrations, and to achieve the benefits of operating an A-stage process, while maintaining an effluent COD:N ratio suitable for a downstream nitritation/denitritation process, an A-stage SRT in the range of 0.1 to 0.25 d should be maintained. This research also included an analysis of A-stage pilot data using stoichiometry to determine the bio-products formed from soluble substrate removed in an A-stage reactor. The results were used to further refine the process components and stoichiometric parameters to be used in the A-stage dynamic computer model, which includes process mechanisms for flocculation and enmeshment of particulate and colloidal substrate, hydrolysis, production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and storage of soluble biodegradable substrate. Analysis of pilot data and simulations with the dynamic computer model implied (indirectly) that storage products were probably significant in A-stage COD removal.

Dry Anaerobic Digestion (AD) presents different advantages if compared to wet AD, i.e. smaller reactor size, lesser water addition, digestate production and pretreatment needed, although several studies have demonstrated that water promotes substrate hydrolysis and enables the transfer of process intermediates and nutrients to bacterial sites. To better understand the role of water on AD, dry and semidry digestion tests of selected complex organic substrates (food waste, rice straw, carrot waste), with various TS contents of the treated biomass have been carried out in the present study. The results confirm that water plays an essential role on the specific methane production rate, final methane yield and Volatile Solids (VS) degradation. The final methane yield in semi-dry and dry conditions was 51% and 59% lower for rice straw and 4% and 41% lower for food waste, respectively, if compared with wet conditions. Inhibition tests, based on Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) analysis, were carried out to investigate the specific inhibition processes that take place with the selected substrates at different TS contents. In wet AD of carrot waste no VFA accumulation was found, and all VFA concentrations were lower than the inhibition limits. A direct correlation between TS content and total VFA (TVFA) concentration was noticed for rice straw and food waste AD. For rice straw a maximum TVFA concentration of 2.1 g/kg was found in dry condition, 1 g/kg in semidry conditions and 0.2 g/kg in wet conditions, whereas for food waste the TVFA concentration was 10 g/kg in dry condition, 9 g/kg in semidry conditions and 3 g/kg in wet conditions. A Mathematical model of complex organic substrate AD in dry and semidry conditions has been proposed to simulate the effect of TS content on the process. The data obtained from batch experiments, in terms of methane production and VFA concentrations, were used to calibrate the proposed model. The kinetic parameters of VFA production and degradation, calibrated using the experimental data, resulted highly dependent on the TS content and different from wet AD literature values. This is due to VFA accumulation in dry conditions, which implies higher values of the inhibition factors introduced in the model. Finally, as dry AD takes usually place in Plug Flow (PF) reactors, an historical and critical review on the role of hydrodynamics in PF bioreactors has been carried out

La RFID, pour Identification par Radio Fréquence, s'est considérablement développée depuis quelques années devenant un mode d'identification et de traçabilité incontournable. Les acteurs du marché sont nombreux et parmi eux, Tageos, société Montpelliéraine, a mis en place dès 2008 un procédé innovant de fabrication de l'étiquette RFID sur papier, économique et écologique. Cependant, même si les performances obtenues lors d'un précédent travail (Thèse C. Ramade 2008-2011) ont été suffisantes pour permettre la production de masse, elles ne sont pas optimales notamment vis-à-vis des résultats établis en laboratoire. C'est dans ce cadre-là que se positionne ce travail de thèse qui s'est réalisé toujours en étroite collaboration entre l'Institut d'Electronique du Sud et la société TAGEOS S.A.S. Nos efforts se sont focalisés : sur l'optimisation du processus de réalisation d'antenne RFID en travaillant sur l'analyse, les méthodes ou protocoles et les moyens techniques sur la préparation du substrat papier, sur des solutions alternatives et complémentaires de réalisation d'antenne RFID et de collage de la puce RFID et sur la fiabilisation et la qualité des produits finis. Par ailleurs, dans ce travail nous avons également démontré la valorisation de notre tag RFID bas coût par l'intégration d'un capteur et de sa fonctionnalité. Le processus de réalisation industriel d'un tel tag est abordé en tenant compte de celui de TAGEOS. / The RFID, for Radio Frequency Identification, has grown considerably in recent years become an essential mode of traceability and identification. Market players are numerous and among them, Tageos (Montpellier, France) established since 2008 an innovative process for manufacturing the RFID tag on paper, economic and ecologic. However, even if the performances obtained during a previous work (Thesis C. Ramade 2008-2011) were sufficient to allow mass production, they are not optimal in particular with respect to the established results in laboratory. It is in this context that ranks this work which is always carried out in close collaboration between the Institute of Electronics of South and TAGEOS company S.A.S. Our efforts were focused : on process optimization of realization of RFID antenna working on the analysis, methods or protocols and technical resources on the preparation of the paper substrate, on alternative and complementary solutions to realize RFID antenna and RFID chip bonding and on the reliability and quality of finished products. Moreover, in this work we have also demonstrated the valorization of our low cost RFID tag by integrating a sensor functionality. The industrial process of producing of this tag taking accounts of TAGEOS process.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:39:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2345574 bytes, checksum: f50ccd341e0c58d0887d9e2f705c1bb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of magnesium dose (Mg) on morphological characteristics of the plant and production of potato tubercles in three cropping systems. Furthermore, this study aimed to select potential indices for the indirect diagnosis of the Mg state of the plant and for the prognosis of yield of basic seed potato tubercles. Each cropping system composed an experiment. At first, the treatments consisted of five doses of MgSO4 (0,0; 1,8; 3,6; 5,4 and 7.2 g dm-3) applied in organic substrate, in which were added the other nutrients, except nitrogen. The second experiment was identical to the previous, except that nitrogen was added to the substrate. In the third experiment, five doses of Mg (0,0; 0,625; 1,25; 2,5 and 5,0 mmol L-1) were tested in circulating and closed hydroponic system, in sand. The experiments were installed in a greenhouse, at the Plant Science Department at Federal University of Viçosa, simultaneously, in the period from 04/03/2012 to 06/25/2012. In experiments 1 and 2, it was used a commercial minitubercle of basic category, Ágata cultivar, as a propagating material. The plants were grown in pots of 3 dm3 containing commercial organic substrate. In experiment 3, it was used the sprout of Ágata cultivar as a propagating material. The plants were grown in pots of 8 dm3 containing washed sand, being the nutrients provided through nutrient solution. At 21 days after emergence (DAE), in the three experiments, the following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (PH), number of stems (NS), number of leaves (NL), fresh stems mass (FSM), fresh leaves mass (FLM), fresh root mass (FRM), dry stem mass (DSM), dry leaves mass (DLM), dry root mass (RDM), fourth leaf thickness (LT), fourth leaf length (LL), fourth leaf width (LW), number of leaflets of the fourth leaf (NLL), leaf area of the fourth leaf (LA), mass of fourth fresh leaf (FLM), mass of fourth dry leaf (DLM), numerical index (NI), nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll index (CHI), flavonols index (FLI), SPAD index (SPAD), N content in the fourth leaf (NC), Mg content in the fourth leaf (MgC). At 35 DAE, in the experiment in hydroponics, the following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (PH), number of leaves (NL), number of stems (NS), SPAD index (SPAD), nitrogen balance index (NBI) chlorophyll index (CHI) and flavonols index(FLI). The data were submitted to analysis of variance, regression and correlation. At 21 DAE, it was not observed visual symptoms of deficiency or excess Mg in plants, in the three experiments. Except the Mg content in the dry matter of the fourth leaf (MgC), any other characteristic evaluated at 21 DAE showed response to Mg dose in the three experiments. The doses that provided the highest production of tubercles, in units per plant, in the experiments 1, 2 and 3 were, respectively, 0,0; 7,2; g dm-3 of MgSO4 and 0.96 mmol L-1 of Mg2+ . With these doses, the Mg contents in the fourth leaf of dry matter were 2,02; 2,44 and 1,10 dag kg-1, respectively. The indices for indirect diagnosis state of Mg of plant depend on the cropping system utilized. It was not possible to determine any index, common to all three experiments, able to predict the production of tubercles in units per plant. / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de dose de magnésio (Mg) sobre características morfológicas da planta e produção de tubérculos de batata em três sistemas de cultivo. Adicionalmente, objetivou-se selecionar possíveis índices para o diagnóstico indireto do estado de Mg da planta e para o prognóstico da produtividade de tubérculos de batata semente básica. Cada sistema de cultivo constituiu um experimento. No primeiro, os tratamentos foram constituídos de cinco doses de MgSO4 (0,0; 1,8; 3,6; 5,4 e 7,2 g dm-3) aplicadas em substrato orgânico, no qual foram acrescentados os demais nutrientes, exceto o nitrogênio. O segundo experimento foi idêntico ao anterior, exceto que nitrogênio foi acrescentado ao substrato. No terceiro experimento, foram testadas cinco doses de Mg (0,0; 0,625; 1,25; 2,5 e 5,0 mmol L-1), em sistema hidropônico circulante e fechado, em areia. Os experimentos foram instalados em ambiente protegido, no Departamento de Fitotecnia na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, simultaneamente, no período de 03/04/2012 a 25/06/2012. Nos experimentos 1 e 2, utilizou-se minitubérculo comercial de categoria básica, cultivar Ágata, como material de propagação. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos de 3 dm3 , contendo substrato orgânico comercial. No experimento 3, utilizou-se broto da cultivar Ágata como material propagativo. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos de 8 dm3 contendo areia lavada, sendo os nutrientes fornecidos via solução nutritiva. Aos 21 dias após a emergência (DAE), foram avaliadas, nos três experimentos, as características: altura de planta (APL), número de hastes (NHA), número de folhas (NFO), massa de hastes frescas (MFH), massa de folhas frescas (MFF), massa de raiz fresca (MFR), massa de haste seca (MSH), massa de folhas secas (MSF), massa de raiz seca (MSR), espessura da quarta folha (EQF), comprimento da quarta folha (CQF), largura da quarta folha (LQF), número de folíolos da quarta folha (NFQF), área foliar da quarta folha (AF), massa da quarta folha fresca (MFQF), massa da quarta folha seca (MSQF), índice numérico (IN), índice de balanço de nitrogênio (IBN), índice de clorofila (ICH), índice de flavonóis (IFL), índice SPAD (SPAD), teor de N na quarta folha (TN), teor de Mg na quarta folha (TMg). Aos 35 DAE, foram avaliadas, no experimento em hidroponia, as características: altura de planta (APL), número de folhas (NFO), número de hastes (NHA), índice SPAD (SPAD), índice de balanço de nitrogênio (IBN), índice de clorofila (ICH), e índice de flavonóis (IFL). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, regressão e correlação. Não foram observados, aos 21 DAE, sintomas visuais de deficiência ou de excesso de Mg nas plantas, nos três experimentos. Exceto o teor de Mg na matéria seca da quarta folha (TMg), nenhuma outra característica avaliada aos 21 DAE apresentou resposta à dose de Mg, nos três experimentos. As doses que proporcionaram a maior produção de tubérculos, em unidade por planta, nos experimentos 1, 2 e 3 foram, respectivamente, 7,2; 0,0; g dm-3 de MgSO4 e 0,96 mmol L-1 de Mg2+. Com essas doses, os teores de Mg na matéria seca da quarta folha foram 2,02; 2,44 e 1,10 dag kg-1, respectivamente. Os índices de diagnostico indireto do estado de Mg da planta dependem do sistema de cultivo utilizado. Não foi possível determinar nenhum índice, comum aos três experimentos, capaz de prognosticar a produção de tubérculos em unidade por planta.