Quality nursing care is today the essential goal of contemporary nursing. Therefore it is necessary to introduce in sanitary facilities a quality improvement program, whose part is tracking quality indicators of care provided. Within the practical part we set three goals. The first of them is to define tracked quality indicators of nursing care in Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. The second goal is to evaluate the selected quality indicators of nursing care in Hospital České Budějovice. The third goal is to inform nurses on quality indicators of nursing care in Hospital České Budějovice. Based on these goals we introduced six hypotheses. The first hypothesis says: Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. tracks at least 15 quality indicators of nursing care within the tracked period. The second hypothesis says: Hospital České Budějovice, a. s. realized at least four nursing care audits per year. The third hypothesis says: nurses of Hospital České Budějovice are satisfied with working conditions. The fourth hypothesis says: clients of Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. are satisfied with the provided nursing care. The fifth hypothesis says: Nurses of Hospital České Budějovice know at least four quality indicators of nursing care in Hospital České Budějovice being tracked in their wards. The sixth hypothesis says: Prevalence rate of decubitus in Hospital České Budějovice decreases. The research ran over under collaboration with staff nurse of Hospital České Budějovice, a.s.; one of forms of the research was also a nursing audit; further data collection method by means of questionnaires was used. The research file involved nurses and clients of Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. In the course of the research we fulfilled the set goals; the first, fourths and the fifth hypotheses were confirmed and the second, third, and the sixth hypotheses were not confirmed. The research results have been offered to the hospital top management as a data source concerning the nursing care quality. The work should also provide nurses with information on that monitoring and evaluating nursing care quality through specific indicators is at present a necessity and indispensable fact and that its goal is not individual disciplinary decisions of individual nurses, but it concerns finding out system errors, their assertion and resolution.

The main intention of this thesis was to monitor the activities of nurses as risk managers in selected healthcare facilities. The first objective was to map the current state of accreditation procedures in the Czech Republic, the number of accredited facilities and the types of accreditation. Another objective was to find out in which healthcare facilities there is a nurse as a risk manager or who has the responsibility of a risk manager in healthcare facilities. The third objective was to explore the activities of nurses - risk managers. To achieve these objectives, the following research questions were set: 1st What is the current state of accreditation procedures in the Czech Republic? 2nd In which accredited facilities there is a nurse - a risk manager? 3rd research question: What are the activities and roles of a nurse - a risk manager? (What activities nurses carry out in the performance of their duties; whether nurses feel a change in the provision of nursing care; which risks and incidents nurses encounter in their facilities and what are their solutions; what is the level of communication between the parties in the risk management process in a given facility; which benefits are seen in risk management). The research was conducted with respondents from those healthcare facilities that were willing to cooperate. The research conducted is a qualitative one. The respondents underwent interviews according to the structure of categorized questions. Subsequently, transcripts of the interviews were made as well as the analysis and categorization of the data was carried out and presented in tables under the framework analysis according to Ritchie and Spencer. The research revealed the answers to the research questions. In no of the facilities that have responded to the questions there is a nurse with the function of a risk manager. Activities within the risk management are taken over by staff at other positions, mostly quality managers, head nurses or auditors. Detailed proportion of these functions is clearly presented in the accompanying graphs. Research question 3 yielded a great number of responses. For example, nurses who have competence in risk management play mainly the roles of communicators, defenders, authors, auditors and mentors. In exercising their functions, they have observed changes, as compared with the past, in the responsibilities of nurses, patient activity, greater transparency, the quality and safety of the care provided. They describe in detail the risks and incidents which they have met at their workplaces, and how they have been solved. The respondents see the advantages of risk management in the fact that it is a good tool for defending not only patients but also nurses themselves; that it is a tool to increase responsibilities and activities of patients and to improve the quality and safety of the care provided. All the responses are clearly presented in tables and confronted with the knowledge derived from professional literature and our own experience. The results of the thesis can be provided to the healthcare facilities where the research has been carried out; it could be provided to competent institutions and also, in the form of an informative brochure, to nurses and other healthcare personnel. We would suggest a higher level of education about risk management potential. Our suggestions also include changes to legislation - powers, the establishment of clear procedures and rules, and the regulation of education in risk management so that implementation of this tool is unified and becomes accessible to all facilities.

Sepsis represents a serious medical, but also social problem. Hundreds of thousands of patients die from serious sepsis and septic shock every year. Patients with serious sepsis are treated at intensive care units and their treatment is long, costly and low efficient. These are the reasons why prevention of sepsis focused on prevention and effective treatment of nosocomial infections or timely solution of another problem, e.g. a shock is so much stressed. Nosocomial infections affect about 30 per cent of patients at intensive care units and may cause serious diseases, sepsis or even death. This thesis deals with the possibilities nurses have to influence sepsis, particularly by adherence to aseptic procedures and prevention of nosocomial infection, which might consequently develop in nosocomial sepsis. Combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used for the research. There were two goals set for the quantitative research. 1. To find whether obstacles occur in adherence to proper aseptic procedures in nursing work as prevention of nosocomial infection occurrence and subsequent septic conditions in patients hospitalized at intensive medicine workplaces. 2. To map the weak points in adherence to proper aseptic procedures in nursing work in intensive care. The goals led to hypotheses H1 Obstacles obstructing thorough adherence to proper aseptic procedures in nursing work exist in intensive care. H2 Non-adherence to aseptic procedures occurs in nursing work at intensive medicine workplaces as a consequence of lack of time for particular interventions. The research sample consisted of nurses from the intensive care workplaces ARD and ICU from 8 hospitals. Questioning method through the questionnaire technique was used for data collection. 342 questionnaires were distributed in total. Hypothesis 1 was refuted, hypothesis 2 was refuted. We found that no obstacles obstructing adherence to proper aseptic methods occur, we mapped the weak points in adherence to proper aseptic procedures in nursing work in intensive care. There were two goals set for the qualitative research. GOAL 3 To find what measures preventing occurrence of nosocomial infection and subsequent septic conditions in patients hospitalized at intensive medicine workplaces are taken by department managements. GOAL 4 To find out how department management deals with possible occurrence of nosocomial infection and subsequent septic conditions in patients hospitalized at intensive medicine workplaces. The following research questions were set. 1. What are the measures preventing occurrence of nosocomial infection and subsequent septic conditions in patients hospitalized at intensive medicine workplaces taken by department managements? 2. How does department management solve possible occurrence of nosocomial infection and subsequent septic conditions in patients hospitalized at intensive medicine workplaces? The research sample consisted of 5 departmental nurses and 5 head nurses from intensive care workplaces from the same hospitals where the quantitative research took place. The research was performed by semi-standardized interview. The research questions were answered. A manual for nurses called ?Recommendation for nurses in prevention of nosocomial infection and nosocomial sepsis not only at intensive care units? was elaborated upon study of these issues and the performed research. A thought map for department management illustrating prevention and solution of nosocomial infection and nosocomial sepsis was also elaborated. Both the document and the research results will be provided particularly to the managements of the hospitals that took part in our research. The thesis may also be helpful to nurses, students and other interested people to gain overall insight into the issue.

The paper subject covers Nurse Care Options for Incurables. A theoretical paper of the Diploma Thesis is something like a comprehensive summary of potential nurse care options for incurable people. Based on data gathered herein, I tried to create a schematic layout making the above options clearer. It forms the Annex No.1 to the paper. A practical part is prepared as a quality {--} quantity survey. I concentrated on the Czech Republic legislative and statistic data related to the subject as well as the informedness level of patients/clients and general nurse of nurse care options for incurable people. One of hypotheses related to the issue determined by me ( ``The nurse care options for incurable people in the Czech Republic meet their needs{\crq}q) was confirmed; other two options ( ``All nurse care options provided to incurable people are available to them{\crq}q and ``Incurable people are informed of the nurse care options available to them in the frame of their illness{\crq}q) were disproved. I determined three essential objectives in my paper: 1. Identify nurse care options for incurable people in the Czech Republic; 2. Determine the availability of the nurse care for incurable people in the Czech Republic; and 3. Find the informedness level of incurable people regarding potential use of nurse care suitable for them, that I met. My theoretical part defines nurse care options for incurable people in the Czech Republic; my quality and quantity survey resulted into a conclusion that the nurse care availability for incurable people in the Czech republic doesn not meet their needs, and the informedness level of incurable people of suitable nurse care availability to them is insufficient. The Diploma Thesis findings result into following recommendations: To continue in development of the palliative care and start to perceive it not only as care for oncology terminal ill people; aim to improvement in the informedness of incurable people of the nurse care options available to them (currently a social nurse, general nurse, as well also voluntary workes, in the future a case manager nurse {--} advisor), and promote development of community nursery in the Czech Republic.

In the theoretical part the terms hospice, home hospice care and palliative care are defined. History, principles, objectives and the concept of hospice care in the Czech Republic are mentioned. The phases of psychological responses to a serious illness undergone by a patient and the patients´ reaction to impending death are described. The traditional model of dying in the Czech Republic in the home environment, the gradual institutionalization and the taboos surrounding death, and the new inception of humane methods in the care for the dying after the year 1989 are particularized. The current types of hospice care in the Czech Republic and especially home hospice care are described in detail, and also the needs of the dying and those of their loved ones, which is the main topic of my thesis. The aim of this work is to survey the availability of palliative home care services in the Vysočina region, to compare the range of offered services, to map the users´ experience and to identify the risk factors in providing this care. In the realized qualitative research the availability of these services was surveyed through the content analysis of data by the technique of official documents and virtual data analysis. In order to map the users´ experience, managers of two agencies providing home hospice care in the town of Třebíč were addressed, as well as the users or their families to whom these agencies provide their services. The interview method, the technique of a semi-structured interview was used. There are eight providers of home hospice care in the Vysočina region. The Vysočina region supports not only home hospice care, but also supported the establishment of residential hospice services in the Long-Term Care Hospitals in three towns in the Vysočina region and the Palliative Care Department in the Jihlava hospital. These facilities have partially substituted a non-existent hospice in the Vysočina region. Hospice care in the Vysočina region is relatively new. It is necessary to get some experience and discover possible shortcomings. The complexity of the care for the seriously ill can be extended, which may enable the seriously ill patients to stay at home with their relatives as long as possible. Although home hospice care has its limits in terms of pain alleviation and complications resulting from a disease, the users´ experience is satisfactory and meets their expectations. The contribution of the thesis lies in uncovering deficiencies in home hospice care and the provision of identified information to the care providers and other health care workers, thus enhancing the awareness of this care among health professionals and family members of seriously ill patients.

1 Abstract Contract for health care under the Civil Code The subject of this thesis is a new type of contract, which was brought into Czech civil law by the Civil Code effective since 1 January 2014 - contract for health care. By including this special type of contract, the legislators practically agreed with a group of legal experts stating that health care is provided under contract, even before the new Civil Code became effective. This paper deals with the very conception of health care used in Czech legislation and with its comparison with the interpretation on this matter in legal codes, which were used by the authors of the provisions on contract for health care as inspiration. First part of this thesis discusses the legal regulation of health care in the Civil Code. With aim to provide a coherent point of view of this type of contract, this part briefly describes other possible conceptions of this legal institute. Besides the solutions, which provided a source of inspiration to Czech legislators, and those which are similar to the new Czech regulation, conceptions of health care used in other states of mainly continental Europe are mentioned. That is followed by introduction of interpretation of relation between provider of care and patient applied in the Czech Republic before the new Civil Code...

The master thesis investigates the care of orphans and abandoned children paying special attention to how the care was executed in Prague in the 1st half of the 20th century. First, the thesis describes the general development of care of these children and of legislation. It then focuses on Prague social care of children. The orphans and abandoned children could be provided either in foster families (this form of care was more frequent) or in orphanages. Prague children were often placed outside of Prague to the so called family colonies, where the foster families were concentrated and where it was easier to control the quality of care those children attained in foster families. The other option was care in orphanages. Those could be established by the city, by the church or by an independent charity association. For each option I chose one Prague orphanage as an example. I also tried to describe the everyday life in these institutions. The last chapter focuses on the period view on advantages and disadvantages of both forms of care. Keywords: orphans, abandoned children, social care, Prague, children's homes, foster care, family colonies

This thesis focuses on the topic of parental separation and awarding custody of pre-school and early-school aged children. In the theoretical part the specifics of each developmental stage and also of the mother's and father's role are described. In the following chapter the thesis focuses on the process of parental separation, its phases, causes and its influence on children. Also the most typical phenomenons and risks connected with this complicated situation are mentioned. Not to be forgotten, the legal side of the process is also included. The thesis contains empirical part, in which structured interviews with social workers were led, in order to map current trends, the most serious risks, the possibilities of different forms of custody and the role of psychologists in parental separation in the Czech environment. Key words: parental separation, awarding custody of child, pre-school age, early-school age, sole custody, joint custody

1 Annotation DRVOTOVÁ, Petra. Social services for the elderly living in the family. Praha, 2016. Diploma thesis. Charles University, Hussite theological faculty. Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Beáta Krahulcová, CSc. The diploma thesis deals with a topic of social services for seniors living in families. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. Both of them describe seniors as clients of social work with focus on home care. Theoretical part elaborates on term of age, its symptoms and specific needs of elderly people. Social work with seniors and risks connected with such a matter are described as well. The first part focuses also on interconnection between social and health care and evaluation of self-sufficiency of elderly. Last two chapters describe home and institutional care and existing social services for seniors according to the law about social services (Act no. 108/2006) Empirical part of the thesis examines initiatives leading seniors in the region of Ústí nad Labem to choose home or institutional care. Qualitative research methods were used to complete empirical part. Respondents of the research were seniors in age of 65 or more, living in Ústí nad Labem region. Results were obtained and analyzed with use of semi structured questionnaire.

The aim of the thesis Volunteer programs that support child in adoption or foster care is to monitor the offer of volunteer programs for children in adoption foster care in the Czech Republic and to show possibilities of support which volunteer program could bring to children, including demonstrations of experience from similar programs abroad. The theoretical part of thesis describes the foster care system with respect to the child's needs and ways of support that are available to them in both professional and volunteer sphere. Emphasis is placed on the role of people who accompany a child on his way from the biological family to foster families, including important relationships and ties, which child lose during his way. It will also explain the idea and values of volunteering as unpaid voluntary work, including the typology of programs focusing on children and the ways volunteers can help to improve their situation. Practically oriented empirical part shows the concrete experiences of the actors from the volunteer program supporting children in foster care by the interviews. This program is organized by the volunteer center and respondents are volunteers, parents and children involved in this program, including the head of the program, through which the program was created. At the end of this...