Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, 1988. / Typescript (Photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves [181]-206).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, 1987. / Typescript. Copies of two papers co-authored by the author, in back cover pocket. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-143).

Thesis (doctoral)--Hochschule zu Stockholm, 1921. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-171).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (November 27, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Rosemarie Rohn Davies / Banca: Fresia Soledad Ricardi Torres Branco / Banca: Roberto Ianuzzi / Banca: Joel Carneiro de Castro / Banca: Luis Gustavo Ferreira de Oliveira / Resumo: No presente estudo é descrita uma floresta do Eopermiano do Norte do Gondwana, dominada por pteridófitas arborescentes, gimnospermas, licófitas e esfenófitas. Esta rica assembléia fossilífera localiza-se no Monumento Natural das Árvores Fossilizadas do Tocantins (MNAFTO), na Bacia do Parnaíba, Norte do Brasil. Dois aspectos se destacam: a abundância dos fitofósseis e seu excepcional nível de preservação. Os vegetais fósseis guardam semelhanças com aqueles do mesmo período em Chemnitz (Alemanha), na Província Euroamericana, e com a Flora Gondvânica, na Bacia do Paraná (Brasil), entre outros. A análise dos padrões de orientação de 178 caules, junto com observações geológicas, sugere paleocorrentes no sentido Oeste-Leste predominantemente, originadas durante tempestades de monções, com área-fonte muito distante a Oeste, talvez em um contexto de leque aluvial distal. A vegetação das margens dos principais canais fluviais e suas planícies de inundação era dominada por pteridófitas arborescentes no estrato superior da floresta (dossel), com licófitas, esfenófitas e outras pteridófitas menores ocupando o estrato inferior (sub-bosque). Gimnospermas ocupavam regiões mais distantes das margens dos canais. A comparação entre pteridófitas arborescentes permianas (do MNAFTO) com pteridófitas arborescentes atuais (em remanescentes de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana) permitiu discutir nichos ecológicos ocupados por estas plantas, a estrutura da floresta em ambos os casos, e a inferência da altura verdadeira dos fitofósseis, em uma aplicação inédita de técnicas alométricas a estudos paleontológicos / Abstract: This present study describes a Lower Permian forest in Northern Gondwana, composed by tree ferns, gymnosperms, lycophytes and sphenopsids. This fossil assemblage is located at Tocantins Fossil Trees Natural Monument (MNAFTO) at Parnaíba Basin, Northern Brazil. There are two remarkable aspects: the abundance of fossils and their exceptional level or preservation. The vegetation is similar to the plant fossils found at Chemnitz (Germany), to Euroamerican Flora sites, and to Gondwanian Flora at Paraná Basin (Brazil), among others. Orientation pattern analyses of 178 stems with geological observations suggest paleocurrents in West-East direction, in monsoon storms. The source area should be at West, several quilometers away, probably in a distal alluvial fan context. The forest in the margins of main fluvial channels was occupied by tree ferns at canopy, and lycophytes, sphenopsids and other small ferns at understory. Gymnosperms probably lived in more distant areas from the fluvial channels. The comparison between fossil tree ferns (from MNAFTO) and modern tree ferns (in Submontane Tropical Rain Forest remnants at the present) allowed discussions about ecological niche, forest structure and estimations of real height of fossil tree ferns, in a new way to apply allometric techniques to paleontological studies / Doutor

Orientador: Frésia Soledad Ricardi Torres Branco / Acompanha 1 mapa acondicionado em bolso no [anexo IV] / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T16:09:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_IsabelCortezChristianode_M.pdf: 9651668 bytes, checksum: 4da84ef5f4b99b65a558d352d48494b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A presente dissertação buscou revisar as publicações acerca dos fitofósseis da Bacia do Paraná, permitindo visualizar a distribuição espacial das ocorrências fossilíferas. Para tanto foram selecionadas as Paleofloras Pré-Glossopteris e Glossopteris, presentes nos períodos Neocarbonífero e Permiano da borda leste da porção brasileira da Bacia do Paraná. Tal escolha se deu devido a grande quantidade de publicações sobre o tema (mais de 158), o que permite o estudo da distribuição florística mais completo. Primeiramente se construiu um banco de metadados, onde critérios de interesse para cada dado foram adicionados, incluindo sua localização geográfica, sistemática, geologia e referências. Posteriormente os dados georreferenciados foram transferidos para mapas de distribuição fossilífera, o que permitiu diferentes abordagens sobre o mesmo banco de dados. Desta maneira, foram computadas 1208 ocorrências em 281 afloramentos. Os gêneros que tiveram maior número de ocorrências foram Glossópteris (201 ocorrências), seguido de Paracalamites (143 ocorrências) e Pecópteris (107 ocorrências). A distribuição espacial dos afloramentos cadastrados demonstra que estes se encontram dispersos ao longo da área de deposição estudada. Apesar de se constatar o registro de alguns gêneros que persistem ao longo do tempo, verifica-se a existência de outros que perduram durante curtos intervalos de tempo, havendo assim, da Base (Grupo Itararé) até seu topo (Formação Rio do Rasto) uma substituição, além de uma diminuição significativa no número de gêneros (de 45 no Grupo Itararé para 11 na Formação Rio do Rasto) / Abstract: This study describes the formulation of a metadata base of the neopaleozoic phytofossiliferous occurrences of the paleoflorístic province of late Paleozoic Gondwana, on the eastern edge of the Paraná Basin, related to the southwestern corner of the Gondwana, with an analysis through the Geographic Information System (GIS). This mapping allows a spatial study of most species mentioned in the literature, in addition to the intersection of the specific information of each occurrence. This affords an integrated analysis of geological, stratigraphic, biostratigraphic, climatic, and botanic data for the period ? a task never before accomplished for that basin. Thus, a number of maps were generated on the distribution of fossiliferous occurrences ? of all outcrops included in the metadata base, of the distribution of cases according to Floras and Phyitozones proposed in the literature, of the genres regarded as most important, of transport, and of humid environments ? which are regarded as most conducive to fossilization. The possibilities of cross-referencing are endless. Here we show the basic alternatives that the use of this tool allows / Mestrado / Geologia e Recursos Naturais / Mestre em Geociências

Fossil plants are regard to be excellent proxies to trace paleoclimatic and paleoatmospheric changes. The vegetational response to changing paleoclimate and paleoatmospheric conditions has already been known for a long time and is well documented for the Paleogene of central Europe. Methods such as the Coexistence Approach (CA) and the Climate Leaf Analyses Multivariate Program (CLAMP) analyze the composition of fossil plant assemblages. Changes in paleoclimate and CO2 through time can be tracked also via changes in morphometric parameters such as leaf area, leaf size and leaf shape or epidermal (cuticular) parameters as for instance stomata density (SD), stomata index (SI) and stomata size. The multivariate gas exchange model combines morphometric and cuticular parameters, together with assumed paleoclimate conditions and physiological data of nearest living equivalents to determine paleo-CO2. Plants show differences in morphological, morphometric and cuticular parameters, not only in response to overall changes in CO2 and climate, but also due to their immobility and dependency on light intensity, water availability and soil conditions at the respective site. In this study leaf traits of both Rhodomyrtophyllum reticulosum and Platanus neptuni from 23 sites in Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic covering a time span from the late early Eocene to the early Miocene of central Europe are investigated. Alongside the stratigraphic range of the data set, which allows for tracing long-term variations in the respective parameters, sites of different depositional facies types (maar deposits, marine deposits and fluvial-lacustrine deposits) were included. It has been proven that the investigation of single species and their correspondence to global and regional paleoclimatic and paleoatmospheric shifts has to be done considering differences in the respective depositional setting and thus habitat. Regional effects influence the peculiarity of leaf traits greatly which implies that regional and site related patterns partly overweigh global correspondences. The weak correlation of leaf trait changes to global changes in paleoclimate and CO2 implies that the long-lived species Rhodomyrtophyllum reticulosum and Platanus neptuni are not suitable to track these changes due their high plasticity and adaptability. The long stratigraphic range of the investigated species therefore point out the high adaption potential which by implication leads to a lower correspondence to global paleoclimatic changes. The determination of crucial leaf traits and their response to overall changes in paleoclimate and CO2 hampers the fact that the fossil record bears mainly elements present in azonal vegetation which is caused by predominantly burial of fossils in aquatic bodies. Hence, long-lived species could have been survived these remarkable changes in climate from the end of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum to the Oligocene icehouse world due to their occurrence in azonal assemblages, buffering global effects in climate variability to a certain degree. The investigation of long-lived fossil species therefore has to be done by coincident consideration of the composition of the whole plant assemblage, which reflects both azonal and partly zonal vegetation of the respective time interval.

Orientadores: Frésia Soledad Ricardi Torres Branco, André Jasper / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T04:59:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kauffmann_Marjorie_D.pdf: 10896204 bytes, checksum: e87c18b3f56ed15a1ab698a2c00261cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no Monumento Natural das Árvores Fossilizadas do Tocantins (MNAF), um rico sítio paleobotânico depositado na Bacia Sedimentar do Parnaíba onde os fósseis afloram nas Formações Pedra de Fogo e Motuca. Pela importância científica e patrimonial deste local o estudo foi norteado objetivando aprofundar os conhecimentos, geológicos e paleobotânicos, além de promover medidas conservacionistas para área, tendo como foco o geoturismo. Os componentes foram abordados de forma integrada e complementar, viabilizando a construção de conhecimento acadêmico com possível reflexo no manejo do patrimônio fitofossilífero da área. Para a realização do mapeamento geológico atualizado foram levantados perfis colunares em 17 pontos distribuídos na área do MNAF e seu entorno, os quais foram compilados em 11 seções geológicas elaboradas a partir da correlação entre os dados de campo e a bibliografia existente para região. A avaliação da paleoflora local se deu com coleta de dados de carácter quali-quantitativo em 12 parcelas de área fixa de 25 m², executadas em sítios paleontológicos conhecidos na área do MNAF e seu entorno, distribuídas nos quadrantes NO, NE, SE e SO (totalizaram três parcelas por quadrante). Os resultados do levantamento paleobotânico foram tratados estatisticamente com o programa SPSS Statistics, o teste escolhido foi ANOVA, o objetivo principal foi averiguar as características da distribuição dos fitofósseis por ordem botânica (Equisetales, Marattiales e Coniferales) na área proposta. Para a avaliação da efetiva proteção do patrimônio a pesquisa se desenvolveu com a revisão de arquivos documentais envolvidos direta e indiretamente com a unidade de conservação, buscando avaliar a existência e eficiência das ações de conservação e desenvolvimento sustentável do local. Ainda, foram sugeridos e descritos três locais potenciais para instalação de Geosítios, propícios para uso turístico pela beleza cênica e/ou conteúdo presente. O mapa geológico atualizado para área do MNAF e seu entorno apresenta uma distribuição das formações aflorantes atualmente no MNAF com detalhes das colunas estratigráficas de cada ponto amostrado. Os afloramentos fitofossíliferos estudados foram classificados como pertencentes á Formação Motuca, que foi também a formação dominante na área do parque. Os dados paleobotânicos não demonstraram diferenças estatísticas significativas na distribuição das ordens Equisetales, Marattiales e Coniferales dentro da área do MNAF e seu entrono, sendo assim se pode concluir que a preservação é importante em todo este perímetro. Quanto à relevância patrimonial revelou que, ainda que o MNAF possua um plano de manejo aprovado e bem elaborado, este é minimamente implementado. Os programas específicos de educação ambiental e desenvolvimento de estratégicas de turismo sustentável demandam ênfase e efetivação, o que certamente serão de grande valia, principalmente para a população que reside no entorno ou dentro da área do parque. Foram indicadas como áreas potenciais ao geoturismo três geosítios, Fazenda Andradina, Fazenda Buritirana e Fazenda Torre da Lua, os dois primeiros pela importância paleobotânica e o último pela beleza cênica estampada na geologia local / Abstract: This work was developed in the Monumento Natural das Árvores Fossilizadas (MNAF), a rich palaeobotanical site deposited in the Parnaíba Sedimentary Basin where fossils outcrop in the formations "Pedra de Fogo" and "Motuca". Because of the scientific and patrimonial importance of this site, the study was guided aiming to deepen geological and paleobotanical knowledge as well as promoting conservation measures for the area, focusing on geotourism. The components were addressed in an integrated and complementary way, enabling the construction of academic knowledge with possible effect in the handling of the fossil plant area. For the realization of the updated geologic mapping columnar profiles were surveyed in 17 points distributed in the MNAF area and its surroundings, which were compiled into 11 geological sections drawn from the correlation between the field data and the existing literature about the region. The evaluation of the local paleoflora was made through collection of qualitative and quantitative data in 12 plots of equal area of 25 m², executed in paleontological sites known in MNAF¿s area and surroundings distributed in quadrants NW, NE, SE and SW (totaled three installments per quadrant). The results of palaeobotanical survey were statistically analyzed with the SPSS Statistics program, the chosen test was ANOVA, the main objective was to investigate the characteristics of the distribution of plant fossils by botanical order (Equisetales, Marattiales and Coniferales) in the proposed area. For the evaluation of the effective protection of heritage, the research has been developed with the review of documentary files directly and indirectly involved with the conservation unit, aimed at assessing the existence and effectiveness of conservation and sustainable development actions of the site. Also three potential locations for installation of geological sites have been suggested and described, which are propitious to the tourist use either for its scenic beauty and / or the present content. The updated geological map for the MNAF¿s area and surroundings, presents a distribution of the outcropping formations currently on MNAF with details of stratigraphic columns from each sampled. The plant fossil outcrops studied were classified as belonging to the Motuca formation, which was also the dominant formation in the park area. Paleobotanists data showed no statistically significant differences in the distribution of orders Equisetales, Marattiales and Coniferales inside the area of MNAF and its surroundings, thus it is possible to conclude that preservation is important in this whole perimeter. As for the patrimonial relevance, it was revealed that, although the MNAF contains a well-developed and approved handling plan, it is minimally implemented. The specific environmental education programs as well as the development of strategic sustainable tourism, demand emphasis and effectiveness, which will certainly be of great value, especially for the population residing in the vicinity or within the park area. Three geological sites were indicated as potential areas to geotourism, "Fazenda Andradina", "Fazenda Buritirana" and "Fazenda Torre da Lua", the first two by their paleobotany importance and the last by the scenic beauty stamped in the local geology / Doutorado / Geologia e Recursos Naturais / Doutora em Ciências

Late Middle Eocene time marks one of the most dynamic periods of the Paleogene in the western interior of North America. Analysis of an extensive, new collection of plant, invertebrate, and vertebrae fossils from the Uinta Formation in the Uinta Basin, south of Myton, Utah, USA, provides evidence of environmental change. Paleobotanical specimens are preserved in late stage Uinta Lake sediments and coarse-grained fluvial sediments which are stratigraphically 650 to 660 m above the Green River Formation. Deposition rates estimates of 18 to 55 cm/kyr, for Uinta Lake sediments in the Uinta Basin suggest a period of 1.18 Ma to 3.69 Ma to deposit the thick section of lacustrine and fluvial sediments that separates the well-documented Green River Flora from this new fossil leaf assemblage, the Wells Draw flora. Prolific invertebrate trace fossils and invertebrates have a preference for areas with high to fluctuating water tables and soil moistures. The trace fossils are similar to traces of extant invertebrates found in temperate to tropical climates. A variety of reptiles, namely eight species of turtles/tortoise, one lizard (first report of Saniwa from the Uinta Formation), and at least two crocodilian species, are indicative of warm-temperate to subtropical climatic zones. Flow direction data derived from sedimentary structures in sandstone channel-fills confirms previous studies which indicate the major sediment source area was to the east with a prevailing westward to northwestward flow direction. The presence of higher elevation plant material within the flora, however, implies possible hydraulic transport from the nearby Uinta Mountain highlands, located north of the basin. The first report of Palmoxylon from the Uinta Formation, included in this report, corroborates the faunal indicators of a tropical climate. Physiognomical analysis of the flora yields a mean annual temperature (MAT) of 16.1◦C and a mean annual precipitation (MAP) of 56 cm. Compared with older Green River flora, these new data suggest a slight drying and cooling trend toward the end of the Eocene. Leaf types also indicate possible seasonality with seasonally dry periods and an overall warm-temperate environment with extreme minima temperatures not much below freezing.

The Manning Canyon Shale on the eastern slope of Lake Mountain in Utah County, Utah contains an Early Pennsylvanian flora within its upper shales. Many of these fossils appear to be new species. A microscopic study of the tissue remains can be of value in the further classification of these fossils. Selected fossils were macerated in hydrofluoric acid, and the residues were examined microscopically for tissue remains. Objects identified as fossil tissue remains were found in twenty five of the forty-eight specimens examined. Fibers, fiber tracheids, tracheids, and spores were isolated from fossils identified as Calamites. The spores were possibly recent fungus spores from the laboratory. Most of the fossils identified as Cordaites had little or no remaining organic material, but one fiber and a peel showing the outlines of cells which were presumed to be epidermal cells were found. A fiber and a fiber tracheid were isolated from a Lepidostrobus. A spore was found in the maceration residue of a fossil identified as Lepidodendron but was too decomposed to be classified as to the type of spore. Many of the fossils collected from the Manning Canyon Shale appear to be portions of stems, roots, or rachises of undetermined affinities. These were lumped together for this study under the classification of "stems." Xylem elements, cuticles, sclereids, and an