La famille des Icacinaceae est une famille de plantes à fleurs possédant un registre fossile important durant le Paléogène, principalement en Amérique du Nord et en Europe. En particulier, des fossiles d’Icacinaceae ont été retrouvés au niveau de cinq sites du Bassin de Paris, principalement sous forme d’endocarpes datant du Thanétien et de l’Yprésien. Ces sites sont donc d’un grand intérêt pour étudier l’impact du maximum thermique de la limite Paléocene-Eocène sur les flores. En premier lieu, un travail sur les fruits actuels a permis de montrer la grande diversité des endocarpes et leurs valeurs en terme de reconnaissance spécifique chez les Icacinaceae. Par ailleurs, une clé d’identification Xper3 accompagne cette étude. L’étude des fossiles du Bassin de Paris a permis de mettre en évidence huit nouvelles espèces appartenant au genre Iodes, une occurrence de Palaeophytocrene et Icacinicarya ainsi que le nouveau genre Icacinanthium décrit à partir d’une fleur et de grains de pollen pris dans de l’ambre. Sur les cinq espèces paléocènes, trois sont retrouvées au niveau des sites de l’Eocène, ce qui démontre au moins une continuité partielle des flores durant le réchauffement climatique. Cependant, une plus grande disparité morphologique est soulignée dans les sites éocènes. L’utilisation de l’ensemble du registre fossile a permis de reconstruire une histoire paléobiogéographique de la famille, en particulier de mettre en évidence une diversification de la famille durant l’Yprésien et plus généralement au cours de l’Eocène. Enfin, une étude de datation phylogénétique a permis de mettre en évidence la diversification d’un clade d’espèces grimpantes à la limite Paléocène-Eocène. Ainsi les différents niveaux d’études sont congruents et montrent que le réchauffement global du Paléocène-Eocène n’est pas un événement catastrophique pour les Icacinaceae, mais plutôt une époque de diversification et d’apports nouveaux par migration, principalement en Hémisphère Nord. / The Icacinaceae family is a group of Angiosperm with a large fossil record, mainly from the North American and European Paleogene. Especially, fossils related to Icacinaceae were found in five sites from the Paris Basin, mainly as endocarp remains, in the Thanetian and Ypresian. Therefore, these sites constitute a good opportunity to study the impact of the global warming at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary in the floras. As a first step, we propose a survey of extant fruits; we show an important diversity of fruit shapes emphasizing the value of this organ in terms of specific assignment. An Xper3 database was built in addition to this study. The study of fossil’s remains from the Paris Basin revealed the presence of eight new species belonging to the genus Iodes, an occurrence of genera Palaeophytocrene and Icacinicarya and a new genus, Icacinanthium, described from a flower and pollen in amber. Among the five species described from the Paleocene, three were present in the Eocene sites, demonstrating at least a partial continuity of the Icacinaceae through the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. However, a greater morphological disparity was underlined in the Eocene sites. The use of all the fossil records allowed us to reconstruct the biogeographic history of the family and especially the diversification of the Icacinaceae during the Ypresian and more generally during the Eocene. Finally, a phylogenetic datating study highlighted a diversification of a climber clade at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. Therefore, the different levels of studies are congruent and show that the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum was not a catastrophic event for the Icacinaceae family but rather a diversification event and new contributions by migration, mainly in the Northern Hemisphere.

It is widely believed that Australian Aboriginals utilised fire to manage various landscapes however to what extent this impacted on Australia???s ecosystems remains uncertain. The late Pleistocene/Holocene fire history from three sites within the Sydney Basin, Gooches Swamp, Lake Baraba and Kings Waterhole, were compared with archaeological and palaeoclimatic data using a novel method of quantifying macroscopic charcoal, which is presented in this study. The palynology and other palaeoecological proxies were also investigated at the three sites. The Gooches Swamp fire record appeared to be most influenced by climate and there was an abrupt increase in fire activity from the mid-Holocene perhaps associated with the onset of modern El Ni??o dominated conditions. The Kings Waterhole site also displayed an abrupt increase in charcoal at this time however there was a marked decrease in charcoal from ~3 ka. Lake Baraba similarly had displayed low levels of charcoal in the late Holocene. At both Kings Waterhole and Lake Baraba archaeological evidence suggests intensified human activity in the late Holocene during this period of lower and less variable charcoal. It is hence likely that at these sites Aboriginal people controlled fire activity in the late Holocene perhaps in response to the increased risk of large intense fires under an ENSO-dominated climate. The fire history of the Sydney Basin varies temporally and spatially and therefore it is not possible to make generalisations about pre-historic fire regimes. It is also not possible to use ideas about Aboriginal fire regimes or pre-historic activity as a management objective. The study demonstrates that increased fire activity is related to climatic variation and this is likely to be of significance under various enhanced Greenhouse scenarios. There were no major changes in the composition of the flora at all sites throughout late Pleistocene/Holocene although there were some changes in the relative abundance of different taxa. It is suggested that the Sydney Sandstone flora, which surrounds the sites, is relatively resistant to environmental changes. Casuarinaceae was present at Lake Baraba during the Last Glacial Maximum and therefore the site may have acted as a potential refugium for more mesic communities. There was a notable decline in Casuarinaceae during the Holocene at Lake Baraba and Kings Waterhole, a trend that has been found at a number of sites from southeastern Australia.

Typescript. Copies of two papers co-authored by the author, in back cover pocket. Bibliography: leaves 128-143.

Palynologic samples for this study were collected in April of 1975 at the Hawthorne and Minnehaha Mines near Linton and Dugger, Indiana, respectively. All samples were taken from the Coal No. 7 and the overlying shale.A total of eighty-three species assigned to thirty-one genera were recovered. Sixty-six species assigned to twenty-nine genera were recovered from the Hawthorne Mine and forty-seven species assigned to twenty-three genera were recovered from the Minnehaha Mine. Comparison of the palynomorph floras of the two localities reveals twenty-one genera and thirty-three species in common to both mines.Palynologic data from the sample area reveals two slightly different depositional basins. The ecology of the area was probably a coastal-swamp type of environment with an abundance of arborescent lepidodendrids.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

No description available.

It is widely believed that Australian Aboriginals utilised fire to manage various landscapes however to what extent this impacted on Australia???s ecosystems remains uncertain. The late Pleistocene/Holocene fire history from three sites within the Sydney Basin, Gooches Swamp, Lake Baraba and Kings Waterhole, were compared with archaeological and palaeoclimatic data using a novel method of quantifying macroscopic charcoal, which is presented in this study. The palynology and other palaeoecological proxies were also investigated at the three sites. The Gooches Swamp fire record appeared to be most influenced by climate and there was an abrupt increase in fire activity from the mid-Holocene perhaps associated with the onset of modern El Ni??o dominated conditions. The Kings Waterhole site also displayed an abrupt increase in charcoal at this time however there was a marked decrease in charcoal from ~3 ka. Lake Baraba similarly had displayed low levels of charcoal in the late Holocene. At both Kings Waterhole and Lake Baraba archaeological evidence suggests intensified human activity in the late Holocene during this period of lower and less variable charcoal. It is hence likely that at these sites Aboriginal people controlled fire activity in the late Holocene perhaps in response to the increased risk of large intense fires under an ENSO-dominated climate. The fire history of the Sydney Basin varies temporally and spatially and therefore it is not possible to make generalisations about pre-historic fire regimes. It is also not possible to use ideas about Aboriginal fire regimes or pre-historic activity as a management objective. The study demonstrates that increased fire activity is related to climatic variation and this is likely to be of significance under various enhanced Greenhouse scenarios. There were no major changes in the composition of the flora at all sites throughout late Pleistocene/Holocene although there were some changes in the relative abundance of different taxa. It is suggested that the Sydney Sandstone flora, which surrounds the sites, is relatively resistant to environmental changes. Casuarinaceae was present at Lake Baraba during the Last Glacial Maximum and therefore the site may have acted as a potential refugium for more mesic communities. There was a notable decline in Casuarinaceae during the Holocene at Lake Baraba and Kings Waterhole, a trend that has been found at a number of sites from southeastern Australia.

Typescript / Copies of two papers co-authored by the author, in back cover pocket / Bibliography: leaves 128-143 / 143 leaves, [60] leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Botany, 1987

Typescript (Photocopy) / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [181]-206) / vi, 207, [16] leaves, 16 p. of plates : ill., maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, 1989

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wyoming, 2006. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 3, 2008). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MA (Archaeology))--University of Stellenbosch, 1985. / This thesis consists of five separate studies (Chapters 2-6), each presented in the form of a self contained research paper. Chapter 2 deals with the analysis of palynomorph (pollen and spore) assemblages, while Chapters 3 to 6 deal with the analysis of charcoal assemblages. The pollen record preserved in the 3 m deep Norga Peat, located on the coastal platform west of the town of George (Fig.l.l), was analysed using measures of relative abundance of identified pollen types and by measures of pollen concentration. Evidence for three climatic phases in the last 4 000 years was obtained. In the earliest phase 4000 - 2500 B.P. conditions were favourable for the spread of forest, the climate was equable and adequate rain was received in summer. From 2500 - 1800 B.P. the climate was less favourable and west of George, forest vegetation only survived in protected and relatively well watered kloofs and lower mountain slopes. The climate then ameliorated and since 1800 B.P. conditions have been similar to the present. However, the present day climate is not as favourable for forest vegetation as was the climate during the Holocene climatic optimum before 2500 B. P • The Cango Valley lies 75 km north of the Norga site, inland of the town of Oudtshoorn and below the Swartberg Mountains. ...