No description available.

No description available.

This thesis examines news articles to see if obesity has been framed as a moral panic by looking at how the coverage understands the causes of obesity and its solutions. A qualitative textual analysis of 100 articles and 28 images from Time and Newsweek was done spanning 1986 to 2012. I found that the obesity "epidemic" was first discussed as problem of individual responsibility and that the best cure was medicine. The narrative shifted to childhood obesity around 2004 and cited parents as the responsible party while suggesting family bonding as a solution to childhood obesity. I find that the media dialogue around obesity points to individuals rather than systemic factors as the cause of obesity and, in so doing, takes the focus off of social and economic inequalities that are also factors in the obesity epidemic.

abstract: Public mass shootings occur at a rate in the U.S. that is higher than any other developed country. These event initiate wide spread media attention. The media attention these events achieve have shown to impact the public behavior (e.g., increased firearm sales). However, the impact public mass shootings have on firearm storage and carry habits of the public is not well understood. Using data collected from the Transportation Security Administration, this study examines how mass shootings have led to moral panics occurring within the U.S. through the examination of the firearm carrying habits among the population immediately following mass shootings. The results indicate that loaded firearms with rounds in the chamber detected by the TSA have significantly increased since 2012. Further, firearms detected immediately following a public mass shooting had a higher proportion of firearms loaded with a round in the chamber relative to 7 days prior to the shooting. Moreover, the increase in proportions of firearms found loaded with a round in the chamber exponentially decays as days past the initial shooting, these events occur at a higher rate than the decay rate can normalize these occurrences. I conclude that in the wake of these shootings a moral panic ensues that is partially responsible for the change in the general public’s arming configuration habits. Further research is needed in to determine the impact on crime, and public health related issues due to this change in the public’s firearm carrying habits. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Criminology and Criminal Justice 2018

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:57:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_7274_021 - DISSERTAÇÃO JOHNATHAN JUNIOR VAZ CARVALHO.pdf: 702170 bytes, checksum: d050a58ac0d19c54163d1007bd3edd12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-19 / A substância cinzenta periaquedutal dorsal (SCPD) é uma estrutura mesencefálica envolvida na mediação de comportamentos defensivos associados aos transtornos de ansiedade generalizada (TAG) e de pânico (TP). Existem evidências que indicam um envolvimento da neurotransmissão noradrenérgica da SCPD na modulação da ansiedade, no entanto, não existe evidência sobre sua participação nos ataques de pânico. Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a participação da neurotransmissão noradrenérgica da SCPD na mediação de comportamentos defensivos relacionados ao TAG e ao TP em animais testados no labirinto em T elevado (LTE), um modelo animal que associa a resposta de esquiva inibitória ao TAG e a resposta de fuga ao TP. Para tal, ratos Wistar receberam a administração intra-SCPD de noradrenalina (10, 30 ou 60 nmoles/0,1μL) ou salina e foram testados no LTE. Adicionalmente, investigamos o efeito do pré-tratamento intra-SCPD com os antagonistas não seletivos de receptores alfa e beta-adrenérgicos, fentolamina e propranolol, respectivamente, no efeito da injeção de noradrenalina na mesma estrutura. Nossos resultados mostram que a administração intra-SCPD de noradrenalina na maior dose prejudicou a aquisição da esquiva inibitória, sugerindo um efeito do tipo ansiolítico, porém não apresentou efeito sobre a resposta de fuga no LTE. Além disso, a injeção de noradrenalina não alterou a atividade locomotora dos animais no teste do campo aberto, sugerindo que o efeito ansiolítico não foi devido a um aumento na atividade exploratória. Os resultados mostram ainda que o pré-tratamento intra-SCPD de fentolamina ou propranolol atenuou o efeito do tipo ansiolítico da noradrenalina. Assim, o presente estudo sugere um envolvimento da neurotransmissão noradrenérgica na SCPD, via receptores alfa e beta-adrenérgicos, em reações defensivas associadas com o TAG, mas não com o TP em animais submetidos ao LTE.

No description available.

Betaxolol, a long-acting β-adrenergic blocker that enters the central nervous system, was examined for therapeutic effects on the persistent anxiety of anxiety disorders. Prior studies of β-blockers examined only agents that were short-acting or did not enter the brain. Betaxolol was administered to 31 patients in open trials. Of 13 outpatients, 11 had generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and 2 had adjustment disorder with anxiety. Five with GAD had concurrent panic disorder. Of 18 inpatients, 16 had GAD and 2 had adjustment disorder with anxiety. Betaxolol doses were increased until the patient responded or declined further dosage. Severity was rated on a 4-point global scale. Before betaxolol, all were moderately or severely ill. In all patients with panic disorder panic attacks stopped within 2 days (p < 0.001). Anxiety decreased to no more than marginally ill in 85% of outpatients (p < 0.0001) and all inpatients (p < 0.0001). Betaxolol doses were usually 5 mg once or twice daily; four inpatients took 10 to 20 mg twice daily. In sum, betaxolol administration was rapidly followed by improvements that were easily noticed by the doctor, even in patients with longstanding anxiety and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Preliminary observations in posttraumatic stress disorder are similar.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.