- About
-
The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is
provided by the
Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
Search results
Showing 1 to 2 of 2 (0.054 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"mapas alternativas"" "subject:"capas alternativas""
| 1 |
Análisis de la diversidad genética de papas nativas (Solanum sec. Petota) de la comunidad de Chahuaytire, integrante del Parque de la Papa (Pisaq-Cusco), y de las papas nativas repatriadas por el Centro Internacional de la Papa usando marcadores microsatélitesRojas Domínguez,Percy January 2007 (has links)
195 native potato cultivars collected in Chahuaytire community and 246 native potatoes repatriated to Potato Park Communities Association (ACPDP) by the International Potato Center (CIP) were characterized using nine primer pairs that amplify the ten most polymorphic microsatellite loci from the potato genetic identification kit (STM0019, STPoAc58, STM0037, STM0030, STM1104, STM1052, STM1106, STM2013, STM2022), located in 9 of the 12 chromosomes of potato. The molecular characterization differentiated the 93.33% of the native potatoes from the Chahuaytire community and the 92.68% of repatriated native potatoes from CIP. 114 and 130 alleles and average diversity index between 0.762 and 0.776 were obtained in the Chahuaytire community and the repatriated potatoes, respectively. The clustering of potato cultivars was performed using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean) method applied to similarity matrix obtained with Jaccard coefficient. Clustering analysis revealed that no differentiation according to origin was found. Similarly, Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) revealed that the molecular variation between evaluated groups was 0.73% (p- value=0.05), indicating a basically similar genetic constitution between both groups. The main source of molecular variation, 99.27% (p-value=0.05), was found within the native potatoes inside groups. However, the finding of 6 private alleles in the native potatoes from Chahuaytire suggests that some genetic diversity maintained in the Chahuaytire native potatoes is not represented in the 246 repatriated potatoes from CIP.
|
| 2 |
The economics of exchanging and adopting plant genetic resources for food and agriculture / Evidence from Germany and PeruLüttringhaus, Sophia 09 March 2022 (has links)
Landwirtschaftliche Systeme müssen sich immerfort an Druckfaktoren wie Klimawandel und Bevölkerungswachstum anpassen. Hierbei spielt die genetische Vielfalt von Pflanzen eine wichtige Rolle, da diese für die Sicherung der Ernährung und des Einkommens von entscheidender Bedeutung ist. Dennoch wird der wirtschaftliche Wert pflanzengenetischer Ressourcen selten untersucht. Um diese Forschungslücke zu schließen, werden in dieser Arbeit drei Bewertungen vorgestellt, welche die wirtschaftlichen Werte pflanzengenetischer Ressourcen untersuchen.
Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation werden zwei verschiedene Agrarsystemen analysiert. Diese unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich des Klimas, der agrarökologischen Bedingungen, der landwirtschaftlichen Praxis, der politischen und ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen sowie der soziokulturellen Verankerung der Kulturart. Die ersten beiden Analysen befassen sich mit der Züchtung und Produktion von Winterweizen in Deutschland. Charakterisiert sind diese durch ein gemäßigtes Klima und intensive Anbaubedingungen. In diesem System überwiegen moderne Sorten, die in einem formalisierten Züchtungsprozess entstanden sind. Es werden die folgenden Forschungsfragen beantwortet: 1) Was ist der ökonomische Wert, der durch den Austausch von Zuchtmaterial entsteht? und 2) Wie hoch ist der mikroökonomische Wert von Resistenzzüchtung? In der dritten Analyse wird ein weiteres Agrarsystem vorgestellt: Die Andenlandwirtschaft, wo im Hochland unter extensiven Bedingungen eine Vielzahl von Kartoffellandrassen angebaut wird. Dort wird folgende Frage analysiert: 3) Welche Mehrwerte wurden durch die Repatriierung oder Neuverteilung von Kartoffellandrassen erzielt?
Diese Analysen zeigen, dass die Verfügbarkeit, der Austausch und die Nutzung von pflanzengenetischen Ressourcen die Agrarproduktion verbessern; es entstehen sowohl sektorale, mikroökonomische als auch ernährungsbezogene und kulturelle Mehrwerte. / Agricultural systems must constantly adapt to pressuring events such as climate change and population growth to maintain and improve production processes in a sustainable manner. Thereby the genetic diversity of plants used in agriculture constitute a strategic asset. Nevertheless, their economic value is often overlooked. To fill this research gap, this thesis presents three assessments that produce more evidence on the economic value of plant genetic resources.
Two very distinct agricultural systems are discussed. These differ greatly in terms of climate, agroecological conditions, farming practices, seed systems, political and economic frameworks, and the socio-cultural embeddedness of the crop in question. The first two assessments are concerned with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding and production in the temperate climate and intensive growing conditions in Germany. Modern cultivars created in a formalized breeding process prevail in this system. The following two research questions are elaborated: 1) What is the economic value of exchanging breeding material? and 2) What is the microeconomic value of resistance breeding? The third assessment presents a different agricultural system: Andean agriculture, where a wide variety of potato landraces (Solanum spp.) are grown extensively in the Peruvian highlands. In this case, the research question I investigated is: 3) What are the benefits of repatriating (i.e., redistributing) potato landraces to Andean farmers?
These studies demonstrate that the availability, exchange, and adoption of plant genetic resources, which are well adapted to and culturally embedded in specific agricultural systems, improve the overall quantity and sustainability of agricultural production. These improvements can be translated into sectoral, microeconomic as well as nutritional and cultural benefits.
|
Page generated in 0.0597 seconds