Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-19T12:25:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 sandro_braga_soares.PDF: 1522684 bytes, checksum: e4b75192ce73d2d347e5f0dc806fc8e3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-19T12:58:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 sandro_braga_soares.PDF: 1522684 bytes, checksum: e4b75192ce73d2d347e5f0dc806fc8e3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-19T12:58:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 sandro_braga_soares.PDF: 1522684 bytes, checksum: e4b75192ce73d2d347e5f0dc806fc8e3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Foi realizado um estudo avaliando a utiliza??o de duas fontes de lip?dio e uma ra??o controle, associadas a dois n?veis de monensina na alimenta??o de cordeiros. O ensaio de desempenho foi realizado no Setor de ovinocultura da Fazenda Experimental do Moura, Curvelo-MG, da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Foram utilizados 36 cordeiros, 18 machos inteiros e 18 F?meas, Santa In?s x Texel, terminados em sistema intensivo, alimentados com seis dietas: dieta controle (RC), ?leo de soja (OS), gr?o de soja (GS), controle com adi??o de monensina (RC+M), ?leo de soja com adi??o de monensina (OS+M) e gr?o de soja com adi??o de monensina (GS+M). Os animais foram abatidos ap?s 87 dias de confinamento, sendo avaliados o desempenho, as caracter?sticas de carca?a, os pesos e percentagens dos componentes da carca?a e n?o carca?a. O ensaio de digestibilidade foi realizado nas depend?ncias do Laborat?rio de Pesquisa Animal da Universidade Federal de Lavras, sendo utilizadas18 borregas Santa In?s com 6 meses de idade e 29kg, confinadas em gaiolas de metabolismo por 21 dias, sendo 14 dias de adapta??o de 7 dias de coleta de fezes, urina, sobras e amostras de ra??o. Os tratamentos foram constitu?dos das ra??es citadas acima, e no pen?ltimo dia do per?odo experimental realizou-se a coleta de sangue dos animais para avalia??o de constituintes sangu?neos indicadores do metabolismo energ?tico, prot?ico e fun??o hep?tica. Os dados foram avaliados pelo procedimento GLM do SAS, e as m?dias comparadas e analisadas pelo teste de t a 5% de probabilidade. Houve superioridade no desempenho, consumo e digestibilidade dos animais que receberam dieta controle em rela??o aos animais que receberam gr?o de soja, sendo que a dieta com ?leo n?o diferiu da controle na maioria dos par?metros analisados. Os animais que receberam monensina apresentaram menores coeficientes de digestibilidade, menor consumo de todos os nutrientes analisados, menor desempenho e apresentaram ind?cios de problemas hep?ticos. Os machos tiveram desempenho e cortes mais pesados que as f?meas. N?o se recomenda o uso de monensina a 78 ppm em base da mat?ria seca para cordeiros em confinamento. O ?leo de soja n?o melhorou o desempenho, consumo e digestibilidade das dietas e o gr?o de soja, adicionado em 15% na mat?ria seca da ra??o, piorou esse par?metros. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT There was conducted a study to evaluate the use of two fat sources and a control diet, combined with two monensin levels on lambs feed. The performance test was accomplished at a sheep industry sector of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys in the Moura Experimental Farm, Curvelo-MG. The work evaluated 36 lambs, 18 males and 18 females, Santa In?s x Texel finished in feedlot and fed with six diets: control diet (RC), soybean oil (SO), soybean (GS), control with monensin addition (CR + M), soybean oil with monensin addition (OS + M) and soybean with monensin addition (GS + M). The animals were slaughtered after 87 days of confinement, being evaluated for performance, carcass characteristics, weights and percentages of carcass and not carcass components. The digestibility trial was conducted on the premises of the Animal Research Laboratory of the Lavras Federal University evaluating 18 Santa Ines lambs with 6 months of age and 29kg, confined in metabolism cages for 21 days, being 14 days for adaptation counting 7 days of collection of feces, urine, and samples of feed. The treatments consisted of the diets mentioned above, and one day before the end of the experiment there was collected animals blood sampling for blood constituents evaluation, which are indicators of energy metabolism, protein and liver function. The data were analyzed by GLM procedure of SAS and the average were compared and analyzed by t test for 5% of probability. There were higher in performance, intake and digestibility of pigs fed with the control diet compared to animals fed with soybean, and oil diet did not differ from controls in most parameters. The animals fed with monensin had lower digestibility, lower consumption of all nutrients, lower performance and showed signs of liver problems. Males had cuts and performance heavier than females. There are not recommended the monensin use at 78 ppm in dry matter basis for confined lambs. Soybean oil has not improved performance, intake or digestibility of diets and the soybean, added 15% in the dry matter, worsened this parameters.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Soares Antunes.pdf: 2612502 bytes, checksum: 9c4bb850a1a22ef8aaeabded22655ba0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-01-26 / Instituto de Veterin?ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ, 2009. Several diseases in dogs causing anemia, with the example of ehrlichiosis are thoroughly investigated. But in Brazil there are no studies to estimate the incidence of anemia in different species and so little, studies that assess the extent and causes related to the problem. Thus, it was developed this study to diagnose and assess the rates of anemia in male and female dogs of different breeds, ages and various conditions of health and nutritional management, but no clinical signs of anemia, and to evaluate the metabolic profile of these animals. We evaluated 148 dogs with anemia that was identified in 40% of the animals, most of then was normochromic normocitic (NNA) in type. It was concluded from the analyzed data that anemia is a significant occurrence, even in asymptomatic dogs. The nutritional deficiency especially of copper and iron, parasites and liver failure were not related to the occurrence of anemia among the animals studied. In this study we highlight the chronic infection with Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys, and periodontal disease (PD) as chronic infectious/inflammatory diseases as likely causes of the NNA between the animals studied. The treatment of PD and evaluation of inflammatory markers would be useful for elucidation of the causes of anemia in the herd studied. / Instituto de Veterin?ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ, 2009. Em c?es diversas enfermidades que cursam com anemia a exemplo da erliquiose s?o exaustivamente estudadas. Contudo, n?o existem no Brasil estudos para estimar a incid?ncia de anemia em diferentes esp?cies e, t?o pouco, estudos que avaliem a dimens?o e as causas relacionadas ao problema. Assim, desenvolveu-se o presente estudo visando diagnosticar e avaliar os ?ndices de anemia em c?es machos e f?meas, de diferentes ra?as, idades e condi??es diversas de manejo nutricional e sanit?rio, mas sem sinais cl?nicos de anemia, bem como avaliar o perfil metab?lico desses animais. Foram avaliados 148 c?es, sendo que anemia foi identificada em 40% dos animais, a maioria do tipo normoc?tica normocr?mica (ANN). Conclui-se pelos dados analisados que anemia tem ocorr?ncia significativa, mesmo em c?es assintom?ticos. A defici?ncia nutricional, especialmente de cobre e ferro, as parasitoses e insufici?ncia hep?tica n?o estiveram relacionadas ? ocorr?ncia de anemia entre os animais estudados. Neste estudo destacam-se as infec??es cr?nicas por Ehrlichia canis e/ou Anaplasma platys e a doen?a periodontal (DP), como enfermidades infecciosas /inflamat?rias cr?nicas causadoras prov?veis da ANN entre os animais estudados. O tratamento da DP e a avalia??o de indicadores inflamat?rios seriam ?teis para elucida??o das causas da anemia no rebanho estudado.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-03-22T13:55:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mariana Gomes Lima.pdf: 3236185 bytes, checksum: 3517b88022c7943663ae0274085cc96a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T13:55:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mariana Gomes Lima.pdf: 3236185 bytes, checksum: 3517b88022c7943663ae0274085cc96a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis has gained notoriety under the public health point of view out of its endemic area in Asia, since in recent years cases of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis have been reported in other continents, such as in the Americas. In Brazil over thirty cases of this zoonotic disease have been recorded and there are reports of the presence of this nematode in 11 states. In its life cycle A. cantonensis has, along their development, need for intermediate and final host, involving predominantly molluscs and rodents, respectively, and different paratenic hosts, humans are accidental hosts. They can also infect a rich variety of terrestrial and aquatic molluscs and in this study, there were used specimens of neotropical planorbids transmitters of schistosomiasis, Biomphalaria straminea and Biomphalaria tenagophila, born and reared in the laboratoryfor experimental infection by A. cantonensis. In order to characterize the resulting physiological profile that host-parasite relationship, the host molluscs were separated into groups of infected and uninfected containing thirty molluscs per group, all made in triplicates. The investigation lasted 21 days, after the pre-patent period molluscs were dissected to collect hemolymph, removal of tissues and use the shell for calcium concentration check. The reproductive biology of both species was observed on the viability of the eggs, as well as (A) Number of eggs/ eggs mass; (B) Number of eggs/mollusc; (C) Number of eggs mass/mollusc and (D) Number of hatched molluscs/mollusc. In the hemolymph there were quantified total protein, glucose, uric acid, urea, the activity of transaminases AST and ALT, lactate dehydrogenase - LDH, and organic acids (oxalic, pyruvic, succinic and lactic). In the cephalopedal mass and digestive gland the glycogen content was measured and in the albumen gland, it was measured the galactogen. The results showed that the snails infected, of both species showed significant reduction in the viability of eggs, 50% for B. straminea and 10% for B. tenagophila. The metabolic status was also strongly affected, with mobilization of glycogen and hemolymph glucose reduction of 68% to B. straminea and 6.48% for B. tenagophila, followed by anincrease of LDH activity of 518.25% to 320.14% B. straminea and to B. tenagophila as well as the concentration of lactic acid, 5,7mM to B. straminea and 0.34 mM for B. tenagophila, and reduction in the concentration of pyruvic and succinic acids. The intense release of gluconeogenic amino acids from protein catabolism reversed the excretory pattern from uricotelic to ureotelic in both B. tenagophila and B. straminea. The tissue injury showed increase of 69% in the concentration of total proteins in the hemolymph of B. straminea and the intense activity of aminotransferases, ALT and AST, an increase of 241.26% and 360%, respectively, compared to the control group. The infection reduced by 51.57% the concentration of total circulating proteins to B. tenagophila, and increased ALT and AST activity at 310% and 280% compared to uninfected snails. The results of this study indicate that the energetic and structural metabolism of both species is strongly affected by the infection, showing the activation of an anaerobic to compensate for the depletion of glicidics stores as well as the change in the excretory pattern depending on the use of substrates protein for the production of ATP. Although studies on clinical, pathological and epidemiological neural angiostrongyliasis have been extensively carried xiii out, data on the metabolic and reproductive profile of snails infected by A. cantonensis are scarce. This pioneering study focused on species of host-parasite relationship certainly contribute to the knowledge of this interaction, as well as to the epidemiology of transmission A. cantonensis in addition to providing new subsidies which can be used in prevention and control of eosinophilic meningitis, zoonosis considered emerging in Brazil. / O nemat?deo Angiostrongylus cantonensis tem ganhado notoriedade sob o ponto de vista da sa?de p?blica fora de sua ?rea end?mica na ?sia, uma vez que nos ?ltimos anos casos de meningoencefal?te eosinof?lica v?m sendo reportados em outros continentes, como nas Am?ricas. No Brasil mais de trinta casos dessa zoonose j? foram registrados e h? relatos da presen?a desse nemat?deo em 11 estados. Em seu ciclo de vida heteroxeno A. cantonensis tem, ao longo do seu desenvolvimento, a necessidade de hospedeiro intermedi?rio e definitivo, envolvendo predominantemente, moluscos e roedores, respectivamente, al?m de v?rios hospedeiros parat?nicos, sendo o homem um hospedeiro acidental. Pode infectar uma rica variedade de moluscos terrestres e aqu?ticos e neste estudo, foram utilizadas para infec??o experimental popula??es nascidas e criadas em laborat?rio de duas esp?cies de planorb?deos neotropicais transmissores da esquistossomose mans?nica, Biomphalaria straminea e Biomphalaria tenagophila. Com a finalidade de caracterizar o perfil fisiol?gico resultante dessa rela??o hospedeiro-parasito, os moluscos hospedeiros foram separados em grupos de infectados e n?o infectados, contendo trinta moluscos por grupo, todos feitos em triplicatas. A investiga??o durou 21 dias, ao fim do per?odo pr?-patente os moluscos foram dissecados para a coleta de hemolinfa, retirada de tecidos e utiliza??o da concha para verifica??o de concentra??o de c?lcio. A oviposi??o dos moluscos de ambas as esp?cies foi observada quanto ? viabilidade dos ovos, assim como (A) N?mero de massas ov?geras/molusco; (B) N?mero de ovos/molusco; (C) N?mero de ovos/massa ov?gera e (D) N?mero de moluscos eclodidos/molusco. Na hemolinfa foram quantificadas as prote?nas totais, glicose, ?cido ?rico, ureia, a atividade das transaminases ALT e AST, lactato desidrogenase - LDH, e os ?cidos org?nicos (ox?lico, pir?vico, succ?nico e l?tico). Na massa cefalopediosa e gl?ndula digestiva, foram mensurados os conte?dos de glicog?nio e na gl?ndula de alb?men, foi mensurado o galactog?nio. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os moluscos infectados, de ambas as esp?cies, apresentaram redu??o significativa na viabilidade dos ovos, de 50% para B. straminea e de 10% para B. tenagophila. O estado energ?tico tamb?m foi vigorosamente afetado, com mobiliza??o das reservas de glicog?nio, e queda da glicemia de 68% para B. straminea e de 6,48% para B. tenagophila, seguida de uma eleva??o na atividade da LDH de 518,25% para B. straminea e 320,14% para B. tenagophila, bem como na concentra??o do ?cido l?tico, 5,7mM para B. straminea e 0,34 mM para B. tenagophila, e redu??o na concentra??o dos ?cidos pir?vico e succ?nico. A intensa libera??o de amino?cidos gliconeog?nicos a partir do catabolismo proteico inverteu o padr?o excretor de uricot?lico para ureot?lico tanto em B. tenagophila quanto em B. straminea. A les?o tecidual mostrou eleva??o de 69% na concentra??o das prote?nas totais na hemolinfa de B. straminea, bem como a intensa atividade das aminotransferases, AST e ALT, com aumento de 241,26% e 360%, respectivamente, em rela??o ao grupo controle. A infec??o reduziu em 51,57% a concentra??o de prote?nas totais circulantes para B. tenagophila, e elevou a atividade de ALT e AST em 310% e xi 280% em compara??o com os moluscos n?o infectados. Os resultados observados neste estudo indicam que o metabolismo energ?tico e estrutural de ambas as esp?cies foi vigorosamente afetado pela infec??o, mostrando a ativa??o de uma via anaer?bia para compensar a exaust?o das reservas glic?dicas, assim como a mudan?a no padr?o excretor em fun??o da utiliza??o de substratos proteicos para produ??o de ATP. Embora, estudos sobre aspectos cl?nicos, patol?gicos e epidemiol?gicos da angiostrongil?ase neural t?m sido extensivamente realizados, dados acerca do perfil metab?lico e reprodutivo de moluscos infectados por A. cantonensis s?o escassos. Este estudo pioneiro na rela??o parasito-hospedeiro das esp?cies focadas seguramente contribuir? tanto para o conhecimento dessa intera??o, quanto da epidemiologia da transmiss?o de A. cantonensis, al?m de fornecer novos subs?dios que poder?o ser utilizados em medidas de preven??o e controle da meningite eosinof?lica, zoonose considerada emergente no Brasil