This thesis focuses on the recent development of international commercial arbitration in international and national sphere. The aim is analysis and description of new trends in this field taking into account their implementation in legal system of the particular states and in the sources of international law. The structure of this thesis is composed by six chapters. The introductory chapter concentrates on the concept of international commercial arbitration, on its historical and theoretical bases. The advantages and disadvantages of the international commercial arbitration as the extrajudicial solution of the conflict are also covered in this chapter. Consequential chapter defines sources of law which apply to this juridical institute. It is divided into three sections according to its origin and also its function of these sources. This chapter closely describes eventual recent modification in the mentioned sources of law. The third chapter covers fundamental principles of the arbitration and its reflections. The explanation is focused on recent expressions of these principles. Second part of the thesis analyses the process of realization of international commercial arbitration. Its organization is described in the chapter four which deals with main instruments enabling process of arbitration....

Background: Emergency Department (ED) overcrowding is a national healthcare problem, and despite awareness and efforts to alleviate excessive patient volume, it continues to be an epidemic. One improvement technique proposed is to increase employment of independently licensed APRNs in the ED. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if LMC and USACS physicians are willing and ready to implement and collaborate with NPs in the ED. Design and Methods: A non-experimental descriptive study design was employed, and sixty emergency medicine providers were surveyed. Eighteen participants (14 MDs, 4 DOs) completed an online questionnaire which consisted of 21 Likert-style questions, an open-ended question, and six demographic questions. Research questions: 1) What are physician perceptions regarding the tasks and resources required for NPs to practice in emergency medicine? 2) What are physician perceptions regarding the need, importance, and benefits of NPs in the ED? 3) What are physician perceptions of contextual factors regarding NPs’ working in the organization? Results: Entire Questionnaire: Mean = 2.02 (SD = .35); Subscale 1: Mean = 2.13 (SD = .33); Subscale 2: Mean = 1.79 (SD = .48); Subscale 3: Mean = 2.06 (SD = .49). Conclusion: This study concludes that, overall, there is a readiness to change among the USACS physicians. Evaluation of subscale 2 and 3 from this study indicates that USACS physicians are willing and ready to implement an NP service in LMC's ED. Furthermore, while discrepancies occurred in subscale 1, these differences can be mitigated through education, credentialing requirements, and policy development.

Despite widespread health promotion and nutrition education efforts, gaps between official healthy eating messages and people’s actual eating practices persist. There is increasing recognition that emphasizing individual responsibility for eating may have limited applicability in improving people’s health. Many experts advocate that future research on healthy eating should involve exploration of how food practices are shaped by social structures (or determinants) and individual agency. The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which people engage with food structures to construct everyday notions of healthy eating. ‘Food structures’ draws on the concept of ‘structure,’ described by the social theorist Anthony Giddens, to refer to the range of food rules and resources people draw on. The research was conducted as part of a qualitative study on family food decision-making that included 144 participants from 13 African Nova Scotian, 10 European Nova Scotian, 12 Punjabi British Columbian and 11 European British Columbian families. These groups were chosen for their potential differences in perspectives based on place, ethnocultural background and histories of immigration to Canada. Data collection consisted of individual interviews with three or more family members aged 13 and older, and, with each family, observation of a grocery shopping trip and a family meal. Analysis followed common qualitative procedures including coding, memoing and thematic analysis. Together, the analyses support views that the gaps between official healthy eating messages and people’s eating practices may not be closed by further education about how to eat. Drawing on the theoretical concepts of Anthony Giddens and Michael Foucault, the findings suggest that one way to understand why people eat the way they do and how changes in eating habits occur is to think about the constant exposure to change through everyday, taken-for-granted practices. The findings also suggest that further healthy eating discourses may require more reflection with respect to the roles of nutrition educators and the social roles/autonomy of people in goals for health and well-being. Dietary goals for the population cannot be considered as isolated scientific objectives without taking into consideration how healthy eating discourses provide social standards beyond messages about healthy eating. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

The major part of the island school groups in South-West Thailand is comprised of remote areas, which are under development and lack facilities and basic needs. Most people on the islands are poor Thai gypsies living in temporary shelters or small boats. They have distinctively different origins, cultures and languages. Developing the infrastructures in this area is a low priority on the government's list. Only a marginal percentage of the budget is being spent in the development of gypsy people, especially on their education. This has in turn become a major hurdle for the acceptance and implementation of the new Information Communication and Technology (ICT) in the island school's group sector. The schools generally have an inappropriate infrastructure, inadequate teachers and huge limitations in education resources. ICT implementation has been carried out by the Ministry Of Education (MOE) to assist in teaching, learning and school administration. In examining the ways in which ICT integration has been administered and used in island schools, the study investigated the roles of two different levels of the educational system: 1) The Satun Education Service Area (Satun ESA), located on the mainland; and 2) an island school group, located in the Andaman sea. The Linstone's Multiple Perspectives Model provided a framework for data collection and the organisation of results in a qualitative study. Data was collected by interviewing the Director of the Office of Satun Educational Service Area, the head teachers, teachers, parents and students in the island schools. Data from interviews, observations and documents was analysed using a template analysis approach (King, 2004). The findings of this study were interpreted in three dimensions: ICT benefits, ICT barriers and ICT sustainability. Sustainability is key to the effectiveness of a remote ICT project. Therefore, it is important to understand the concepts and categories associated with ICT project sustainability in rural areas. The categories of sustainability, including infrastructure, policies, politics, culture, management, human resources, co-operation and finance factors, need to be considered in the implementation of ICT projects in island schools or other projects in remote areas. The outcome of this study is a framework that clarifies the process of effective ICT implementation in the island context, which provides an additional valuable source of knowledge for local education policy makers in Thailand and other developing countries.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-15T17:49:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - MANDADO DE INJUNÇÃO - A SER ENTREGUE PARA A BIBLIOTECA CENTRAL - 23-05-16.pdf: 1062742 bytes, checksum: ee4f7a15b1185b736cf069bf0b685501 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-15T17:49:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - MANDADO DE INJUNÇÃO - A SER ENTREGUE PARA A BIBLIOTECA CENTRAL - 23-05-16.pdf: 1062742 bytes, checksum: ee4f7a15b1185b736cf069bf0b685501 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-11 / O objeto do presente trabalho é a análise da atribuição de eficácia erga omnes à decisão proferida em mandado de injunção, dos seus impactos sobre a teoria do controle de constitucionalidade e das perspectivas atuais da abstrativização do mandado de injunção. No Capítulo 1, o mandado de injunção foi apontado como uma criação original do Constituinte de 1988. Após, foi analisada a evolução da doutrina e da jurisprudência do STF sobre a eficácia do mandado de injunção, tendo sido destacada a atribuição de eficácia erga omnes às decisões proferidas nos Mandados de Injunção nºs 670, 708 e 712 para, em seguida, apontar as principais semelhanças e distinções entre a injunção e a ação direta de inconstitucionalidade por omissão. No Capítulo 2, foram indicados os principais argumentos contrários à objetivação do mandado de injunção. Foi analisado o possível desrespeito aos princípios democrático e da separação de poderes e a necessidade de edição de súmula vinculante para a ampliação da eficácia em mandado de injunção. No Capítulo 3, foram analisados os principais argumentos favoráveis à objetivação do mandado de injunção. Assim, a objetivação do mandado de injunção foi apontada como mecanismo para maior garantia da eficácia dos direitos fundamentais e como instrumento de celeridade e economia processuais e de segurança jurídica. Por fim, no Capítulo 4, foram apontadas as perspectivas atuais da abstrativização do mandado de injunção / The subject of the following work is the erga omnes assigning effectiveness to the decision, issued in mandado de injunção, from its impacts about the theory of control of constitutionality and the current perspectives of abstractivization of mandado de injunção. On Chapter 1, mandado de injunção was pointed as a creation from 1988‟s Constitution. After that, the evolution of the doctrine and jurisprudence of STF (Supreme Federal Tribunal) was analysed about the effectiveness of the mandado de injunção, having been detached the erga omnes assigning effectiveness to decisions proffered on Mandados de Injunção 670, 708 and 712 so next they would point the main similarities and distinctions between injunction and the straight action of inconstitutionality by omission. On Chapter 2, the main arguments against the objectification of the mandado de injunção were pointed. A possible disrespect against the main democratic principles of separations of powers and the need of edition of binding docket was analysed in order to extend the mandado de injunção effectiveness. On Chapter 3, the main arguments in favour to the mandado de injunção objectification were analysed. Hence, it was pointed as a mechanism for bigger guarantee of effectiveness of fundamental rights and as instrument of speed, procedural economy and juridical safety. In the end, on Chapter 4, the current perspectives of abstractivization of mandado de injunção were pointed.

Magister Scientiae (Occupational Therapy) - MSc(OT) / Occupational justice empowers individuals, especially the previously disadvantaged, to have their basic needs met, as well as turn their potential into reality, through human rights and labour legislation, which provides access to equal opportunities. However, with the amount of different choices, in terms of occupational roles, facing the individual to fill their time with, effective management thereof to preserve one’s health and well-being on a daily basis, is not necessarily guaranteed. Occupational science, and more specifically, occupational therapy education imparts the importance of occupational balance, a concept which denotes a balance between the person, their environment and their occupations, some of which are strenuous and others relaxing. Occupational balance can be achieved by adapting the physical, mental, social and rests occupations.

In Shanghai, an increasing number of parents believe that learning English at an early age will bring their children an advantage in future competition. As a result, kindergarten English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes have become popular in recent years. Although previous studies revealed that picture books are frequently used as teaching materials in kindergarten EFL classes, what is happening in these kindergarten EFL classes and the ways teachers use picture books to teach children English still remain largely unknown. To have a better understanding of the kindergarten EFL classes in Shanghai, this study aimed to explore kindergarten EFL teachers’ perspectives on and usage of picture books in their classes, as well as the challenges they face. Four experienced kindergarten EFL teachers selected by a criteria survey were invited to participate in this qualitative study. Data were collected from them by interviews, classroom observations and documents. Results showed that participants believed that picture books have linguistic, cognitive and cultural awareness values. Findings of this study also revealed the ways participants use picture books to teach children English and the challenges they faced. Findings of this study were discussed in connection with previous studies of picture books, Krashen’s language acquisition hypotheses, and Five Big Ideas on how children learn to read. This study also led to suggestions for further implications based on the findings of teachers’ reported challenges. Teachers faced great challenges in developing EFL classes, on self-development, and on building relationships with parents. To work on solutions to these problems and improve the quality of kindergarten EFL classes in Shanghai, it was determined that both the Chinese government and kindergartens or language training institutions should make efforts to support teachers. Shanghai’s kindergarten EFL classes are the product of market choices and are still in their beginning phase of development. As such, they need the support from those in all walks of life to better develop in the future.

The Amazon rainforest constitutes a quarter of the global biodiversity and is responsible for 15% of the terrestrial photosynthesis. It is important to protect the forest and limit the deforestation to not release more greenhouse gases, which aggravate climate change. There is a big problem today with deforestation, especially in the Peruvian Amazon. In Peru is the main driver to deforestation human activity, such as road infrastructure, markets and agriculture. It is most common with small-scale agriculture, especially in the Cusco region where this study is conducted. How the deforestation should be managed or if current instruments are working is there different perspectives on. In this essay are the different perspectives regarding the exploitation of the Amazon and its impacts being analyzed. The essay has an interview method and the interviews are carried out on members of non-governmental organizations and Cusco regional government. Our analysis shows that the different perspectives show similarities regarding the main drivers for the deforestation, the information and knowledge-gap regarding the impacts of deforestation. There is, however, a difference in the perspectives regarding funds. One perspective from the non-governmental members is that there is not enough funding to receive as well as that the funds that do exist go to people and projects that do not do the work properly. / Amazonas regnskog utgör en fjärdedel av den globala biologiska mångfalden och ansvarar för 15% av den markbundna fotosyntesen. Det är viktigt att skydda skogen och begränsa avskogningen att inte släppa ut mer växthusgaser, vilket förvärrar klimatförändringar. Det finns ett stort problem idag med avskogning, särskilt i Peruanska Amazonas. I Peru är den viktigaste drivkraften att avskogningen mänsklig aktivitet, såsom väginfrastruktur, marknader och jordbruk. Det är mest vanligt med småskaligt jordbruk, särskilt i Cusco-regionen där denna undersökning genomförs. Hur avskogningen ska hanteras eller om nuvarande instrument fungerar finns det olika perspektiv kring. I denna uppsats beskrivs olika perspektiv på utnyttjandet av Amazonas och dess konsekvenser. Uppsatsen har en intervjumetod och intervjuerna utförs på medlemmar i icke-statliga organisationer och Cuscos regionala regering. Vår analys visar att de olika perspektiven har likheter angående de viktigaste drivkrafterna för avskogningen och informations- och kunskapsklyftan om avskogningens effekter. Det finns dock en skillnad i perspektivet kring finansiering. Ett perspektiv från de icke-statliga medlemmarna är att det inte finns tillräckligt med finansiering att få och att de ekonomiska medel som finns går till personer och projekt som inte gör jobbet korrekt.

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