Call number: LD2668 .T4 1950 H35 / Master of Science

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Coordination, Collaboration, and Cooperation, (C04); Community (C01) Driven Development (D2) minus Historical Institutionalisation (HI) is equal to Policy Implementation Effectiveness (PIE), is recommended by the researcher to improve results. Trends in compiled data were analysed with regards to legislative oversight and accountability in the petroleum industry, using the OECD/ DAC evaluation criteria. In terms of relevance, effectiveness, and efficiency, the researcher discovered a partial link between the activities performed by parliamentarians representing the petroleum industry where HDSA transformation is concerned. It was concluded that electrical energy generation and distribution throughout the five-year period drew more focus in terms of oversight than on other sectors. It was further noted that oversight and accountability could have been applied more efficiently if input were linked to policy objectives and activities. This resulted in only partial or limited HDSA transformation in the petroleum industry. When it comes to sustainability the researcher argued that despite the apparent long-term stability of parliamentary activities, such stability may not translate to sufficient oversight and accountability to ensure sustainable transformation in the petroleum industry. It was concluded that while oversight and accountability was being applied to one specific arena, other areas in need of transformation did not receive sufficient, or indeed any, legislative oversight. The facilitation model: Communication, Coordination, Collaboration, and Cooperation, (C04); and Community (C01) Driven Oversight and Accountability (D1OA) is recommended by the researcher to improve effective oversight and accountability. Thus, Effective (A + O) = C04 + C01 /D1OA equals to (A + O)e = C205 / D1OA.

Orientador: Amauri Antonio Menegário / Banca: Roberto Naves Domingos / Banca: José Roberto Ferreira / Resumo: Por possuir composição química complexa a água produzida de petróleo pode ser potencialmente tóxica ao meio ambiente. O Ba é um dos elementos presentes nesta água. Por este motivo a técnica DGT é extremamente viável para determinação da fração lábil desse metal. Foi utilizado a membrana difusiva 3MM e como agente ligante a membrana P81. Foram conduzidos experimentos em soluções-padrão para estabelecer o coeficiente de difusão de Ba na membrana difusiva e os efeitos das principais variáveis da técnica em relação ao tipo de amostra a ser analisada como tempo de imersão, salinidade e pH. Para determinação do Ba, amostrados pelos dispositivos DGT foi utilizada a técnica espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente. Após a determinação dos parâmetros necessários o método desenvolvido foi aplicado para análise das amostras de água produzida oriundas de regiões de produção on shore e off shore da Petrobras. O procedimento desenvolvido foi efetivo para determinação do elemento em amostras originárias de extração on shore (onde a salinidade não exerceu fator interferente) e off shore neste caso, limitado a uma imersão de 4 horas e com a utilização de Coeficiente de Difusão aparente que corrige o efeito da salinidade. A utilização da água produzida na irrigação, considerando-se a concentração de Ba, fica restrita às amostras on shore por possuírem teores de Ba coerentes com a legislação / Abstract: Due to the complex chemical composition of oil produced water it can be potentially toxic to the environment. The Ba is one of the elements present in this water. For this reason the DGT technique is extremely viable to determine the labile fraction of this metal. Diffusive membrane 3MM was used as diffusive agent and P81 was used as chelating agent. Experiments were carried out on standard solutions to establish the diffusion coefficient of Ba on the membrane and the diffusive effects of the main variables of the technique in relation to the type of sample being considered, as immersion time, salinity and pH. For determination of Ba, sampled by DGT devices the technique of optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma was used. After determining the required parameters the developed method was applied to analyze the water produced samples from production areas of Petrobras on shore and off shore. The procedure developed was effective for determining the element extraction in samples originating on shore (where the salinity did not have such interference) and off shore, in this case limited to 4 hours of immersion and the use of apparent diffusion coefficient that suits the effect of salinity. The use of water produced in irrigation, considering the concentration of Ba, is restricted to samples on shore because they have levels of Ba consistent with the legislation / Mestre

Submarine debris flows are hazards when they threaten the facilities that are built on sea floor to facilitate submarine transportation. The dynamics of submarine debris flow is simple once the debris material gets in the flow motion and that it can be represented using simple physics. A two-dimensional model with two-layer Bingham fluid representations, SDFlow2D, was developed by using an Eulerian frame of reference to predict the consequences of complex submarine debris flows. The model was viscoplastic in nature based on depth-averaged approximation to the Shallow Water Equations (SWE), and it assumes that the flow consists of a non-deforming upper layer riding on a deforming layer. The model was verified by comparing the numerical solution with experimental observations as well as with an analytical solution. The comparison shows a good agreement with analytical solution and an acceptable agreement with experimental observations. The model was found to be capable of simulating real-word submarine debris flows. The consequence of bed material entrainment is worth studying as this process adds antecedent sediment to the debris flow mass that in turn increases the intensity of hazard. The modeling code SDFlow2D was enhanced by using simple physics to include the capability of computing bed material entrainment. It was assumed that no inertial force was involved in the process, and that the entrainment was instantaneous. The modified SDFlow2D was applied to two idealized cases and to a prognostic case. A total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme with flux limiter was applied with MacCormack predictor-corrector scheme to smooth out the spurious solution near the source area of debris flow. While the TVD scheme served that purpose to some extent, it was not helpful to make the model robust as the computational time was 15 times greater than that of using the code without TVD scheme. The Bayesian inverse modeling was implemented to quantify the Bingham parameters uncertainty. The technique helps find not only the most probable pair of Bingham parameters but also the distribution of the parameters by conducting a small number of model simulations. The overall outcome of the study benefits the deep sea explorers as well as the designers and planners in charge of designing the submarine structures. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Scientific Computing in partial fulfillment of the Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester 2017. / April 04, 2017. / Bayesian Inversion, Deep Sea Geohazard Modeling, Modeling Bed Sediment Entrainment, Sub-Aerial Debris Flow Modeling, Submarine Debris Flow Modeling, Two Layer Bingham Fluid / Includes bibliographical references. / Ming Ye, Professor Co-Directing Dissertation; Alan W. Niedoroda, Professor Co-Directing Dissertation; Vasubandhu Misra, University Representative; Sachin Shanbhag, Committee Member; Xiaoqiang Wang, Committee Member.

Conservation of petroleum reserves in the United States, from a production point of view, becomes problematic even in the case of well-defined surface property rights. The migratory nature of those resources and the common law rule of capture have combined to create a classic example of the problem of the common pool. In the race to reduce their underlying hydrocarbon reserves to possession, holders of sub-surface mineral rights (which evolve from initial surface ownership) have been seen to exemplify the common pool situation; excessive spending to capture the resource and premature depletion of the resource base. Some economic theory and early empirical evidence indicate that the potential losses from overcapitalization toward drilling and premature reservoir depletion can be large in terms of both physical and economic waste in oil field development. / Given the premise that early fieldwide consolidation of a particular reservoir is the optimal solution to conserve the nonrenewable hydrocarbon natural resource, this paper identifies and quantifies the relationship between two separate methods to accomplish this objective--compulsory and voluntary unitization. By comparing the production and drilling activities of a state with a long history of successful and early governmentally sanctioned unitization (Louisiana) to a state with no such statutory requirement (Texas), we are able to discern differences in potential welfare loss between the two regimes. After controlling for geology, price, cost and other state-specific factors, we find that, over the period examined and contrary to the naive economic view that does not allow for private bargaining, more wells are drilled in Louisiana than in Texas and the difference between production rates of the two states is not statistically significant. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 57-03, Section: A, page: 1240. / Major Professor: Philip E. Sorensen. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1996.

Thesis advisor: James E. Cronin / This dissertation examines British oil policy from the aftermath of the Suez Crisis in 1956-1957 until the Iranian Revolution and the electoral victory of Margaret Thatcher's Conservative Party in 1979. It was a period marked by major transitions within Britain's oil policy as well as broader changes within the international oil market. It argues that the story of Britain, and Britain's two domestically-based oil companies, BP and Shell, offers a valuable case study in the development of competing ideas about the reorganization of the international oil industry in the wake of the rise of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting countries and the companies' losing control over the production of oil. The emergence of OPEC, and the political and resource nationalism which provided it with its inspiration, proved to be a challenge for the companies. In their view, this had to be countered commercially through the maintenance of the role of the major oil companies as well as the further internationalization of the oil market; a process which they believed would help de-politicize oil production and distribution. Although the Governments which ruled Britain in this era were initially in favor of this laissez-faire approach, economic and political uncertainty in Britain, coupled with the game-changing potential of Britain's own North Sea oil resources led to a gradual process of state intervention into oil matters, both at home and abroad. Out of this emerged a different philosophy on the part of Cabinet and Whitehall officials, one which saw the future of oil being in the hands of the state and state-controlled companies. This growing divergence weakened the traditional partnership between BP, Shell and the British Government and limited cooperation until the defeat of the Labour Party in 1979 by Thatcher's Conservatives reversed the trend of growing state involvement. Together these inter-connected accounts provide an important counter-point to the idea that the emergence of a fully international oil market was inevitable and reveals that the reformation of the oil market in the post-1973 world was the result of political and as well as market forces. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: History.

O meio ambiente vem sofrendo diariamente com problemas relacionados a vazamentos, derramamentos e acidentes durante a exploração, refinamento, transporte, e operações de armazenamento de petróleo e seus derivados. Em um derramamento e/ou vazamento de combustível, uma das principais preocupações é a contaminação dos aqüíferos que são usados como fonte de abastecimento de água para consumo humano. As preocupações relacionadas ao potencial de contaminação de água subterrânea vem crescendo em todo o Brasil, já que a maioria dos postos possui mais de dez anos. Com isso, este estudo tem como objetivo contribuir na segurança, confiabilidade e qualidade nas determinações de contaminantes (BTEX e HPAs) em solo e água provenientes de derrames de derivados de petróleo. Para isso, foram aplicadas metodologias analíticas para determinação destes compostos tomando como base os métodos da EPA. Com relação a segurança e confiabilidade nos resultados, foi proposto a aplicação das BPL nos tópicos que possuem relação com o tema. Foi indicado, segundo a literatura, um método de descontaminação das sobras de amostragem que pode ser incluído na rotina de trabalho dos laboratórios. / The environment is suffering daily with problems related to leaks, spillings and accidents during the exploration, refinement, transport and operations of storage of petroleum and yours derived. In a spilling and/or leak of fuel, one of the main concerns is the contamination of the watery ones that are used as source of water supply for human consumption. The concerns related to the potential of contamination of underground water are growing throughout Brazil, since most of the gas stations possesses more than ten years. With that, this study has as objective contributes in the safety, reliability and quality in the determinations of pollutants (BTEX and PAHs) in soil and water coming of hemorrhages of derived of petroleum. For that, they were applied analytical methodologies for the determination of these pollutants taking as base the methods of EPA. Regarding safety and reliability in the results, the application of GLP was proposed in the topics that possess relationship with the theme. It was indicated, according to the literature, a method of treatment of the polluted sampling surpluses, that it can be included in the routine of work of the laboratories.

by Yuen Wing-wah, Ricky, Fung Wai-hung, Eugene. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaf 64. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii / PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.viii / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT --- p.3 / Air Pollution Control Ordinance --- p.3 / Air Control Zones --- p.3 / Fuel Oil Consumption in Hong Kong --- p.6 / Chapter III. --- CURRENT FUEL OIL MARKET --- p.11 / Types of Oil Fuel --- p.11 / Market Share of Oil Fuel --- p.12 / Chapter IV. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.15 / Purpose of the Study --- p.15 / Need for the Study --- p.15 / Target Respondent --- p.16 / Population and Sampling --- p.16 / Data Collection Method --- p.18 / Chapter V. --- ANALYSIS OF DATA --- p.19 / Demographic Charactertistics --- p.19 / Position --- p.19 / Geographical Distribution --- p.19 / Industry --- p.20 / Users' Views of Market --- p.22 / Usage of Supplier --- p.22 / Types of Supplier --- p.24 / Users' Evaluation of Supplier --- p.26 / Attitude to Existing Government Regulation --- p.30 / Concern Over the Government Regulation --- p.32 / Understanding of Different Oil Fuels --- p.34 / Knowledge of Sulphur Content --- p.37 / Expenditure on Oil Fuel --- p.39 / Chapter VI. --- POTENTIAL OF NEW MARKET --- p.41 / Willingness to Switch Product --- p.41 / Reactions to New Fuel Oil Concept --- p.45 / Chapter VII. --- SUMMARY --- p.48 / Chapter VIII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.50 / APPENDIX --- p.51 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.64

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries