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1	Chemické modifikace polypropylénových povrchů / Chemical modifications of polypropylene surfaces Pospíšek, Marek January 2014 (has links) Diploma thesis is focused on modification and characterization of polypropylene (PP) products surfaces by the chemical way. In theoretical part of thesis are summarized the current knowledge of this topic including characterization methods. Polypropylene surfaces were modified by acrylic monomers (acrylic acid, acrylic acid with 20 mol% content of sodium acrylate and acryl amide). Modified surfaces were characterized by infrared spectroscopy with ATR technique. The comparative parameter was carbonyl index determined from absorption peaks of functional methyl groups (2950 cm-1 ) and functional carbonyl groups (1700-1750 cm-1) of FTIR-ATR spectra. Determination of effect of initiator concentration on the modification process was done for acetophenone and benzophenone. There were determined the time dependence of carbonyl index for time from 0 to 600 s of mentioned monomers. In the same condition were modified test specimens designed for preparation of adhesive joints. Joints were bonded by cyanoacrylate adhesive that provide reaction with surface of polyacrylic acid. There were founded conditions of modification that provided strength of adhesive joints higher than strength of original PP. There were identified changes of surface roughness by using of confocal microscopy.
2	From Macro to Nano : Electrokinetic Transport and Surface Control Pardon, Gaspard January 2014 (has links) Today, the growing and aging population, and the rise of new global threats on human health puts an increasing demand on the healthcare system and calls for preventive actions. To make existing medical treatments more efficient and widely accessible and to prevent the emergence of new threats such as drug-resistant bacteria, improved diagnostic technologies are needed. Potential solutions to address these medical challenges could come from the development of novel lab-on-chip (LoC) for point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics. At the same time, the increasing demand for sustainable energy calls for the development of novel approaches for energy conversion and storage systems (ECS), to which micro- and nanotechnologies could also contribute. This thesis has for objective to contribute to these developments and presents the results of interdisciplinary research at the crossing of three disciplines of physics and engineering: electrokinetic transport in fluids, manufacturing of micro- and nanofluidic systems, and surface control and modification. By combining knowledge from each of these disciplines, novel solutions and functionalities were developed at the macro-, micro- and nanoscale, towards applications in PoC diagnostics and ECS systems. At the macroscale, electrokinetic transport was applied to the development of a novel PoC sampler for the efficient capture of exhaled breath aerosol onto a microfluidic platform. At the microscale, several methods for polymer micromanufacturing and surface modification were developed. Using direct photolithography in off-stoichiometry thiol-ene (OSTE) polymers, a novel manufacturing method for mold-free rapid prototyping of microfluidic devices was developed. An investigation of the photolithography of OSTE polymers revealed that a novel photopatterning mechanism arises from the off-stoichiometric polymer formulation. Using photografting on OSTE surfaces, a novel surface modification method was developed for the photopatterning of the surface energy. Finally, a novel method was developed for single-step microstructuring and micropatterning of surface energy, using a molecular self-alignment process resulting in spontaneous mimicking, in the replica, of the surface energy of the mold. At the nanoscale, several solutions for the study of electrokinetic transport toward selective biofiltration and energy conversion were developed. A novel, comprehensive model was developed for electrostatic gating of the electrokinetic transport in nanofluidics. A novel method for the manufacturing of electrostatically-gated nanofluidic membranes was developed, using atomic layer deposition (ALD) in deep anodic alumina oxide (AAO) nanopores. Finally, a preliminary investigation of the nanopatterning of OSTE polymers was performed for the manufacturing of polymer nanofluidic devices. / <p>QC 20140509</p> / Rappid / NanoGate / Norosensor microsystem nanosystem microfluidic nanofluidic surface modification surface property electrokinetics model simulation material polymer thiol-ene microfabrication nanofabrication micromanufacturing nanomanufacturing breath sampling aerosol precipitation corona discharge electrostatic precipitation grafting chemistry click chemistry nanopore nanoporous membrane photolithography photopatterning photografting microfluidics nanofluidics oste OSTE+ OSTEmer lab-on-chip loc point-of-care poc biocompatibility diagnostics breath analysis fuel cell

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Chemické modifikace polypropylénových povrchů / Chemical modifications of polypropylene surfaces

From Macro to Nano : Electrokinetic Transport and Surface Control