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Nutritional Depletion in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) : Effect on Morbidity, Mortality and Physical CapacityHallin, Runa January 2009 (has links)
The overall aim of this work was to examine the effects of depleted nutritional status on some aspects of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Morbidity. In paper І, we found that energy intake was lower than the calculated energy demand for all patients. A low body mass index (BMI) at inclusion and weight loss, during the one year follow-up period were independent risk factors for having a new exacerbation (p = 0.003 and 0.006, respectively). Mortality. Nineteen percent of the patients in paper ІІ, where underweight (BMI<20). A significant positive correlation was found between BMI and FEV1, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for age, sex and pack years (p<0.0001). Being underweight was related to increased overall mortality and respiratory mortality but not to mortality of other causes, 19% of the patients had died within 2 years. The lowest mortality was found among the overweight patients (BMI 25-30 kg/m). Physical capacity and effect of training. In paper ІІІ we investigated baseline characteristics of patients that were starting physical training. We found that peak working capacity was positively related to BMI (r=0.35, p=0.02) and fat free mass index (FFMI) (r=0.49, p=0.004) and negatively related to S-Fibrinogen and serum C reactive protein (S-CRP). BMI and FFMI were significantly related to the 12 minutes walking distance when adjusted for body weight. Fifty to 76% of the variation in physical capacity was accounted for when age, gender, FEV1, FFMI and CRP were combined in a multiple regression model. In Paper ІV the median change in fat free mass (FFM), after 4 months of physical training was 0.5 kg. Old age, low FEV1 and high level of dyspnoea were independent negative predictors of FFM increase after the training period. In conclusion nutritional status is an important determinant of morbidity, mortality and physical capacity in COPD. Low FEV1 and high level of dyspnea are negative predictors for increased FFM after physical training.
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Vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinio aktyvumo ir fizinio pajėgumo kaita pavasario ir rudens laikotarpiu / The change of physical activity and physical capasity of senior form girls during spring and autumn periodsKenstavičius, Vytautas 25 May 2010 (has links)
Darbo pavadinimas: Vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinio aktyvumo ir fizinio pajėgumo kaita pavasario ir rudens laikotarpiu.
Raktažodžiai: fizinis aktyvumas, fizinis pajėgumas, eurofito testai, mergaitės. Probleminis klausimas: ar vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinis aktyvumas ir fizinis pajėgumas geresnis pavasarį ar rudenį?
Darbo tikslas: Nustatyti vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinio aktyvumo ir fizinio pajėgumo kaitą pavasario ir rudens laikotarpiu.
Darbo uždaviniai:
1. Nustatyti vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinį aktyvumą pavasarį ir rudenį.
2. Nustatyti vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinį pajėgumą bei tarpusavio ryšius pavasarį ir rudenį.
3. Nustatyti fizinio aktyvumo ir fizinio pajėgumo tarpusavio ryšius pavasarį ir rudenį.
Darbe nagrinėta Tauragės rajono vyresnių klasių mergaičių bendros apimties fizinis aktyvumas (FA) ir fizinis pajėgumas (FP) rudenį ir pavasarį, taip pat tarpusavio ryšys tarp fizinio aktyvumo ir fizinio pajėgumo pavasarį ir rudenį.
Tyrimo metodas: anketinė apklausa ir fizinio pajėgumo testavimas. Buvo pasirsirinkti tokie testai: šuolis į tolį iš vietos, 10x5m bėgimas šaudykle, sėstis ir siekti, sėstis ir gultis.
Darbo objektas: vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinis aktyvumas ir fizinis pajėgumas rudenį ir pavasarį.
Hipotezė: vyresnių klasių mergaičių fizinis aktyvumas ir fizinis pajėgumas geresnis pavasarį negu rudenį.
Išvados:
1. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad vyresnių klasių mergaitės fiziškai aktyvesnės pavasarį negu rudenį. Pavasarį dideliam fiziniam aktyvumui per... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The name of the work: the change of physical activity and physical capasity of senior form girls during spring and autumn periods.
Keywords: physical activity, physical capasity, eurofit tests, girls.
Problem question: Is physical activity and physical capasity of senior form girls better in springo r in autumn period?
The aim of the work: to clear up and disclose physical activity and phsysical capasity of senior form girls.
The tasks of the work:
1. To define physical activity of senior form girls in spring and autumn.
2. To define physical capasity and the relation of senior form girls in spring and autumn.
3. To define the relation between physical activity and physical capasity in spring and in autumn.
The work analyses physical activity and physical capasity of senior form girls in Taurage district and the relation between physical activity and physical capasity in spring and in autumn.
The method of the research:questionnaire test, testing of physical capasity.
The object of the work: physical activity and physical capasity of senior form girls in spring and in autumn.
Hypothesis: physical activity and physical capasity of senior form girls better in spring than in autumn.
Conclusions:
1. Study results indicated that high school girls are more physically active in spring than in autumn. The frequency of vigorous physical activity (PA) was 2 days/week in spring and 1.5 days/week in autumn; the frequency of moderate PA was 3.3 days/week in spring and 2.7 days/week in... [to full text]
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