Thesis (PhD (Sport Science))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Physical Education is a human movement activity driven by syllabi and educational programmes. Physical culture refers to human movement programmes with an entertainment component, but that also uses physical education activity. This study serves as an account of Physical Education and physical culture in the Coloured community of the Western Cape in the period 1837 to 1966. It offers a historical exploration of these activities in the social and political context and cuts across narrow definitions of race and class. The research also pays attention to the untold and unpleasant side of the story of Physical Education. This necessitated tracing the origin of Physical Education and physical culture back to their European roots, because of the strong political and cultural links between South Africa and Europe. The Cape Coloured petty bourgeoisie urbanite minority of the 19th and early 20th century were eager but unable to infiltrate the ranks of middle class White society. They were acutely aware of the need to show respect towards the White middle classes and also to distance themselves from the “unruly behaviour” of the working class. For this reason Physical Education and physical culture programmes became suitable means for the Coloured petty bourgeoisie to educate the “less fortunate” Coloured working class masses.

Thesis (PhD) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine if the participation in a movement programme, utilising 21 life skill development strategies would make a significant contribution to adolescent girls' self-esteem. The adolescent girls participating in the programme were from a previously disadvantaged community in the Western Cape, South Africa, and considered to be at-risk youth. The movement divisions through which the life skill strategies of the five and one half month programme were presented to the experimental group, were designed by the investigator, and included: modern dance, swimming, self-defence and an individual session of team building. Harter's (1985) Self-perception Profile for Children was used to measure the six subscales of self-competence/esteem of a control group (n = 8) and an experimental group (n = 13) of girls between ages 13 - 16. The six dimensions of self-esteem measured, included: global self-worth; scholastic competence; social acceptance; athletic competence; physical appearance, and; behavioural conduct. On completion of the movement intervention programme by the experimental group, all the girls (N = 21) were post tested, using the same quantitative measurement instrument. The experimental group completed an additional open-ended Life Skill Questionnaire, designed by the investigator, to see if there had been a cognitive transferral of the life skills used in the movement programme from the movement experience to everyday life activities. Following the comparison between the pre- and post-test data of Harter's (1985) Se/fperception Profile for Children, it was concluded that participation in the movement programme had an overall positive and significant affect on the six sub-scales of the girls' self-esteem. On analysis of the girls' responses to the Life Skill Questionnaire it was found that they had been able to utilise all 21 life skills in the various movement components offered in the programme, and that cognitive transferral of the skills had taken place to their everyday environment. Conceming the movement division, the statements revolving around the utilisation of the skills predominantly revolved around ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za the swimming, followed by dance and lastly self-defence. The life skills that were most widely used in their everyday environment were highlighted by the themes of perseverance, commitment and academics. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om vas te stel of die deelname aan 'n bewegingsprogram, waartydens 21 lewensvaardigheid-ontwikkelingstrategiee gebruik word, beduidende bydrae tot die selfagting van die adolessente meisie sou lewer. Die adolessente meisies wat aan die program deelgeneem het, kom vanuit 'n voorheenbenadeelde gemeenskap in die Wes-Kaap, Suid-Afrika, en word as hoe-risiko jeug beskou. Die bewegingsverdelings waarmee die lewensvaardigheidstrategiee van die vyf en 'n half maandelange program vir die eksperimentele groep aangebied is, is deur die navorser ontwerp en sluit die volgende in: mode me dans, swem, selfverdediging en 'n individuele sessie van spanbou. Harter (1985) se "Sett-perception Profile for Children" is gebruik om die ses sub-skale van self-bevoegdheid/agting van 'n kontrolegroep (n = 8) en 'n eksperimentele groep (n = 13) van meisies tussen die ouderdomme van 13 - 16 te meet. Die ses dimensies van selfagting wat gemeet is, het die volgende ingesluit: globale selfwaardigheid, akademiese bevoegdheid, sosiale aanvaarding, atletiese bevoegdheid, fisieke voorkoms en gedragsbeheer. Na die afhandeling van die bewegings-intervensieprogram deur die eksperimentele groep is al die meisies (N = 21) getoets met behulp van dieselfde kwantitatiewe meetinstrument. Die eksperimentele groep het In addisionele Lewensvaardigheidsvraelys voltooi, wat deur die navorser ontwerp is om te sien of daar 'n kognitiewe oordrag van die lewensvaardighede was wat in die bewegingsprogram vanaf die bewegingservaring tot daaglikse aktiwiteite gebruik is. Na die vergelyking van die voor- en na-toetsdata van Harter (1985) se "Self-perception Profile for Children" is gevind dat deelname aan die bewegingsprogram 'n algehele positiewe en beduidende effek het op die ses sub-skate van die meisies se selfagting. Die analise van die meisies se terugvoer op die Lewensvaardigheidsvraelys het getoon dat hulle instaat was om al die 21 lewensvaardighede in die verskeie bewegingskomponente te gebruik wat in die program aangebied is en dat kognitiewe oordrag van die vaardighede plaasvind na hul daaglikse omgewing. Wat die bewegingsverdeling betref, het die stellings aangaande die gebruik van die vaardighede hoofsaaklik gehandel oor die swem, gevolg deur dans en laastens selfverdediging. Die lewensvaardighede wat die meeste gebruik is in hul daaglikse omgewing is sterk na vore gebring deur temas soos deursetlingsvermoe, verpligting en akademie.

Thesis (PhD (Education )--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / 355 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i- xxiii and numbered pages 1-330. Includes bibliography and list of tables. Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The sporting environment in South Africa started changing drastically when professional sport increasingly became a reality after years of sporting isolation. As a result of these changes new career opportunities opened up because professionals were required to manage professional sport. These new professional sporting organisations are modelled on economically active businesses that require managers at all levels. Training institutions soon started offering programmes to train these so-called sports managers. Although there are specialists working in the sporting environment, the generic term "sports manager" is used to identify these individuals. The appropriate and sustainable training of sports managers forms the nucleus of the research in this study. Training programmes for sports managers are mostly offered at departments of human movement studies or sports science. This tended to create the impression that these training programmes are merely adapted human movement studies programmes that do not necessarily make provision for the professional sports management industry. The main purpose of this study was to design a curriculum framework for sport management training that is not only practice-oriented, but that also ensures sustainable programmes. To realise this, both an international and a national historical perspective on sport management training were researched. A description of a theoretical curriculum model with specific reference to current trends in education in South Africa was given. Furthermore it endeavoured to establish, from within the sporting industry, the knowledge and skills that are required for a career in sports management. From this information an attempt was made to suggest a curriculum framework so that appropriate and sustainable sports management training programmes can be offered. From a historical survey it became evident that sports management training programmes are in a relatively early development phase. An analysis of international programmes revealed that these programmes focus mainly on the economic and management activities in sports management organisations. Few instances were found where human movement studies constituted a prominent part of the contents of the programmes. However, the opposite was found to be true when South African programmes were reviewed. The majority of these programmes include components of human movement studies/sport science in their contents. Some of the programmes focus specifically on human movement studies/sport science and merely offer introductory modules on aspects of sports management. This study indicates the necessity for sports management training programmes in higher education to fit into specific structures in the South African education framework. New developments centred around the South African Qualifications Authority, the Higher Education Board and more specifically the National Qualifications Framework have been researched and applied to sports management training programmes. To place this study within the perspective of curriculum development, various models and methods of curriculum evaluation were explored. As a result of this a synoptic list was compiled to which sports management programmes may be required to comply. As part of the study a questionnaire review was conducted to indicate sports managers' knowledge and skills requirements in three levels of management. Guidelines were derived from this for generic contents of sports management programmes. It was also indicated that specialist functions exist within the sports management industry and that this phenomenon cannot merely be ignored by academic institutions when curricula are designed. These findings were used to suggest a possible framework for sports management curricula. In the light of a changing environment in South Africa and the development of the professional sports management industry, it is necessary that this framework should continuously be supplemented in a dynamic sporting environment. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sportbedryf het in Suid-Afrika drasties begin verander toe beroepsport na jare van sportisolasie toenemend 'n werklikheid geword het. Uit hierdie veranderinge het daar nuwe beroepsmoontlikhede ontstaan deurdat professionele persone nodig was om professionele sport te bestuur. Hierdie nuwe professionele sportorganisasies is op die lees van ekonomies-aktiewe besighede geskoei wat beteken dat bestuurders op aile vlakke benodig is. Opleidingsinstellings het spoedig begin om programme aan te bied vir die opleiding van hierdie sogenaamde sportbestuurders. Alhoewel daar 'n verskeidenheid spesialiste in die sportomgewing werk, word die generiese term "sportbestuurder" gebruik om hierdie persone te identifiseer. Die toepaslike en volhoubare opleiding van sportbestuurders vorm die kern van ondersoek in hierdie studie. Opleidingsprogramme vir sportbestuuropleiding word meestal in departemente van menslike bewegingskunde of sportwetenskap aangebied, wat die vermoede laat ontstaan het dat hierdie programme slegs aangepaste menslike bewegingskundeprogramme is en nie noodwendig vir die volle spektrum van behoeftes van die professionele sportbestuurbedryf voorsiening maak nie. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was die daarstelling van 'n kurrikulumraamwerk vir sportbestuuropleiding wat nie net praktykgerig is nie, maar ook die volhoubaarheid van hierdie programme verseker. Om dit te verwesenlik, is daar gepoog om 'n internasionale en nasionale historiese perspektief oor sportbestuuropleiding daar te stel. 'n Teoretiese kurrikulummodel is beskryf met spesifieke verwysing na huidige onderwystendense in Suid-Afrika. Vervolgens is gepoog om vanuit die sportbedryf te bepaal wat die kennis- en vaardigheidsvereistes is wat die sportbestuurberoep aan individue stel. Uit hierdie gegewens is gepoog om 'n kurrikulumraamwerk te ontwerp ten einde 'n bydrae te maak tot die volhoubare en toepaslike voorsiening van sportbestuuropleiding. Uit 'n historiese oorsig het dit geblyk dat sportbestuuropleidingsprogramme in 'n relatief vroeë ontwikkelingsfase verkeer. Wat uit die ontleding van internasionale programme duidelik geblyk het, is dat hierdie programme veral op die ekonomiese en bestuursaktiwiteite van sportbestuurorganisasies gefokus is. Min gevalle is aangetref waar menslike bewegingskunde 'n prominente deel van die programinhoud uitmaak. Daar is egter bevind dat die teendeel grootliks waar is van programme in Suid-Afrika. Die meerderheid van die programme het wel komponente van menslike bewegingskunde/sportwetenskap as deel van die inhoud. Sommige programme fokus spesifiek op menslike bewegingskunde/sportwetenskap en bied sportbestuuraspekte slegs as inleidende modules aan. Die studie toon aan dat dit noodsaaklik is om sportbestuuropleidingsprogramme in hoër onderwys binne spesifieke strukture in die Suid-Afrikaanse opvoedingsraamwerk in te pas. Ontwikkelinge rondom die Suid-Afrikaanse Kwalifikasie-owerheid, die Hoër Onderwysraad en meer spesifiek die Nasionale Kwalifikasieraamwerk is ondersoek in die lig van moontlike toepassings op sportbestuurprogramme. Om die studie binne die perspektief van kurrikulumontwikkeling te plaas, is ondersoek ingestel na verskillende modelle en metodes van kurrikulumevaluering. Hieruit is 'n oorsiglys waaraan sportbestuurprogramme moontlik beoordeel kan word, saamgestel. 'n Vraelysondersoek is benut ten einde kennis- en vaardigheidsvereistes van sportbestuurders op drie bestuursvlakke aan te toon. Riglyne ten opsigte van generiese inhoude vir sportbestuurprogramme is hieruit verkry. Daar is ook aangetoon dat spesialisfunksies binne die sportbestuurbedryf bestaan en dat hierdie verskynsel tydens kurrikulumontwerp nie sonder meer deur akademiese instellings geignoreer kan word nie. Hierdie bevindinge is gebruik om 'n moontlike raamwerk vir sportbestuurkurrikula voor te stel. In die lig van 'n veranderende samelewing in Suid-Afrika en die ontwikkeling van die professionele sportbestuurbedryf is dit noodsaaklik dat hierdie raamwerk in 'n dinamiese sportomgewing voortdurend aangevul word.

Thesis (MEd.) -- Stellenbosch University, 1995. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South African education is facing a big dilemma. Teachers, curriculators and students are confronted with the issue of multiculturalism because of the establishment of one education department. Equality in education has to oe offered to all citizens and implemented by all teachers. In moving from a monocultural to a multicultural approach, all teaching spheres would necessarily be affected. Re-evaluation, change and an improvementclre required and these reconstructive measures be geared towards breaking down isolation, fragmentation and mistrust within the diverse South African society. Through a literature study, some perspectives on the problematic nature of the current teaching program will be addressed. Various perspectives on multiculturalism serves as a framework for argumentation about the viability of such an approach. The contribution of the school subject, Physical Education, towards harmony and solidarity, will be established. The focus will be on one of the dance components, Folk Dancing, and in what way it can assist the process of socialization for the creation of a sense of national unity. The orientation to this study will be done in chapter one. In chapter two the current problematic conditions within education serve as a background for the total dilemma in which the South African teaching profession are outlined. The different problems surrounding the school sUbject, Physical Education, are discussed, which were a direct result of the fragmentation of the previous education system. The needs of the multicultural community are not met entirely in the current Physical Education syllabi. In chapter three the different perspectives on multicultural education are given and the experiences that countries like Australia, Britain, the United States of America and Namibia had with the implementation of multicultural education to serve their multicultural societies. The school needs to serve the community. That is why the process of planning the total educational practice needs to be reviewed as to the relevancy of the school curriculum in order to serve the needs of the community. In chapter four the place of Physical Education in the school curriculum is established and the role that Folk Dancing has to play in order to serve as means to foster social harmony, respect and tolerance. In chapter five a cultural composition needs to be done in order to establish what the multicultural community in South Africa consists of, what the different majority cultural groups are and what research already has been attempted in the documentation of the different South African cultural folkdances. The need is then to develop a program which will cover the twelve years of schooling in order to, serve as an interim program to create a bettfJr understanding between the differ']nt cultural groups of the country. In the final chapter conclusions and recommendations will be put forward to enable future study. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse onderwys staan voor 'n groot dilemma. As gevolg van die daarstelling van 'n enkele departement van onderwys word kurrikuleerders, leerlinge sowel as die onderwysers gekonfiOnteer met die kwessie van multikulturalisme. Gelyke onderwys word i10U aan aile landsburgers verskaf en moet deur aile onderwysers ge"implementeer word. Die oorskakeling vanaf 'n monokulturele na 'n multikulturele benadering in die onderwys sal aile vlakke van die onderwys noodwendig affekteer. Herevaluering, verandering en verbetering is tans aan die orde van die d~g, omdat rekonstruktiewe optrades die isolasie, fragmentering en wantroue van die verskillende gemeenskappe in Suid-Afrika kan aanspreek. Hierdie studie is hoofsaaklik daarop gemik om, deur middel van Iiteratuurstudie, orientering te verskaf rondom die huidige onderwysproblematiek. Die verskillende perspektiewe van multikulturele onderwys dien as raamwerk waarbinne daar oor die werkbaarheid van so In benadering geargumenteer word. Verder word daar ondersoek ingestel na die bydrae van die skoolvak, Liggaamlike Opvoeding, in die herstel van harmonie en eenheid. Die fokus val veral op een van die danskomponente, Volksdans en in watter mate laasgenoemde deur middel van die proses van sosialisering In sin vir nasionale eenheid kan bewerkstellig. Die orientering ten opsigte van die studie geskied in hoofstuk een waarin die probleme random die skoolvak Liggaamlike Opvoeding beskryf word wat veraorsaak is as gevolg van die fragmentasie in die onderwys. In hoofstuk twee word die huidige onderwysproblematiek uiteengesit wat dien as agtergrond vir die totala dilemma waarin die Suid-Afrikaanse onderwys hom tans bevind. Die behoeftes van die multikulturele gemeenskap word nie voldoende verreken in die huidige sillabusse nie omdat die gemeenskappe toenemend aan die verander is. Hoofstuk drie ondersoek die verskillende perspektiewe rondom multikulturele onderwys en die ondervinding van enkele lande 5005 Australia, Die Verenigde State van Amerika, Brittanje en Namibia ten opsigte van multikuiturele onderwys en die multikulturele samestelling van hul gemeenskappe. Die skool gee uitvoering aan die behoeftes van die gemeenskap. Dit is daarom dat die kurrikuleringsproses van die totale onderwyspraktyk onder die loep geneem word asook die relevansie van die skoolkurrikulum ten opsigte van die genoemde behoeftes. In hoofstuk vier word die plek van Liggaamlike Opvoeding en die Volksdansafdeling binne die totale opvoedingsprogram beskryf am aan te dui watter rol gespeel word am sosiale harmonie, respek en verdraagsaamheid te verstewig. In hoofstuk vyf word die multikulturele aard van die Suid-Afrikaanse gemeenskap deur middel van In kulturele samestelling blootgelA. In Volksdans-program verskaf moontlike variasies om voorsiening te maak vir multikulturalisme en kultuuruitruiling. In die slothoofstuk word gevolgtrekkings en acmbevelings ten opsigte van die studie gemaak.

The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes and knowledge of elementary school teachers related to nutrition and physical activity. The information will be used to develop, implement, and evaluate the school-based component of a program entitled "Operation Wellness" in Wells County, Indiana. The primary focus of this study was to determine if teachers needed further training in nutrition and physical fitness concepts and to assess their value of the inclusion of nutrition education and physical activity into their curriculum.A 58-question web-based Teachers' Physical Activity and Nutrition (TPAN) survey was adapted from an instrument created by the Montana Department of Health. The web-link for the survey was forwarded by the principals of the four elementary schools in Wells County to all 100 elementary teachers employed in the county's public schools. Sixty-four of the 100 teachers (64% response rate) responded. The number of years teaching experience ranged from 1 to 37 years. Slightly more than three-quarters (77.6%; n=42) of the teachers reported including nutrition in their curriculum; of these, 83% reported including less than 10 hours per year . Over one-third of the respondents (38%) thought they could teach nutrition, yet only 12% thought they could teach physical fitness, without any additional training. Most teachers wanted ideas to integrate nutrition (75.5%) and PE (93%) into their classroom curriculum. Over half (56%) of the teachers reported having had some type of formal nutrition training. There was no difference in the hours of nutrition education included in the curriculum by those with formal training. The majority of teachers surveyed indicated a 2-hour in-service for nutrition education and physical activity education would be the most desirable option for additional training. Findings from this study can be generalized to communities with similar demographic information to determine the potential needs of the educators. / Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

The problem of this study was to obtain the professional opinion of male physical education graduates of North Texas State University with respect to appropriateness of their professional preparation in association with their teaching experiences. An opinionated questionnaire was developed and used to collect the data. Standard and Advanced First Aid and Safety Education, Teaching Physical Education in Secondary Schools and Foundations of Health were the required courses found to be most valuable to the participants in their teaching experiences. Basketball, track and field, football and volleyball were the activities most often used by the participants in their teaching activities.

"This was a survey of the men's physical education program at North Texas State University for the spring semester of 1969."--2.

"The purpose of this study is to show the development of health and physical education curriculum in the North Texas State Teachers College, Denton, Texas from 1901 through 1939"--1.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Information and Communications Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016. / Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are omnipresent in the world and that includes the worlds of sport, education and physical education (PE). However, there seems to be a scarcity of PE teachers who are well aware of the benefits of the use of ICTs in PE. The aim of this study is therefore to design a model of the factors affecting the perceived awareness of PE teachers of the benefits of the use of ICTs in PE. This aim is sub-divided into four research objectives: (a) to select relevant technology adoption theories for the design of a model of the factors affecting the perceived awareness of PE teachers of the benefits of the use of ICTs in PE; (b) to design a conceptual model of the factors affecting the perceived awareness of PE teachers of the benefits of the use of ICTs in PE; (c) to empirically test the above mentioned conceptual model; and, (d) to make appropriate recommendations from the knowledge of the factors affecting the perceived awareness of PE teachers of the benefits of the use of ICTs in PE. Objectives a, b, and d were accomplished through the review of existing literature on the factors affecting the adoption of e-learning by teachers. As for objective c, it was achieved through the survey of 73 teachers from Camperdown schools in the UMgungundlovu District Municipality of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Here is a summary of how these objectives have been met in this study: (a) The Technology Adoption Model (TAM) serves as the theoretical model behind the choice of the research variables of this study; (b) This study hypothesizes that PE teachers’ perceived awareness of the benefits of the use of ICTs is affected by the following variables: demographics, performance expectancy, social influence, and computer attitude; (c) The survey conducted by this study confirms that PE teachers’ perceived awareness of the benefits of the use of ICTs is affected by their performance expectancy, and by three teachers’ demographics (computer usage, gender, and age group); (d) This study calls for more research on the factors affecting teachers’ awareness of the benefits of ICTs, since the study failed to find enough literature on this topic. / M

Orientador: Fernanda Moreto Impolcetto / Banca: Osmar Moreira de Souza Júnior / Banca: Bernadete Aparecida Caprioglio de Castro / Resumo: As reflexões relacionadas às relações étnico-raciais na Educação de modo geral, e em particular na Educação Física escolar ainda não avançaram a ponto de serem tematizadas junto aos conteúdos disciplinares. Inclusive, em 2003 foi aprovada uma lei que introduz a obrigatoriedade de correlações étnico-raciais nos currículos escolares brasileiros. Entende-se que a Educação Física deve proporcionar aos alunos vivências e compreensões da cultura corporal de modo que sejam significativas para a vida cotidiana. Considerando que os estudantes que estão atualmente nas escolas são nativos digitais e que a tecnologia faz parte de sua realidade, utilizá-la de forma pedagógica nas aulas pode auxiliar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, rompendo a visão de Educação Física tradicional, no diálogo crítico entre os conteúdos e as mídias, na transposição das atividades para a vida, entre outros aspectos. Deste modo, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi elaborar uma unidade didática a partir do conteúdo do currículo do Estado de São Paulo para o Ensino Médio, utilizando as TIC para problematizar as relações étnico-raciais. Além disso, implementar e avaliar as percepções do professor e dos alunos sobre o trabalho desenvolvido. O percurso metodológico foi de natureza qualitativa, desenvolvido por meio de quatro etapas: 1) análise documental do currículo do Estado de São Paulo; 2) observação, grupo focal com os alunos e entrevista semiestruturada com o professor; 3) elaboração e implementação da unidade didática e 4) avaliação da unidade didática implementada. Os dados obtidos nas coletas de dados foram transcritos, revistos e classificados a partir da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram agrupados em três categorias principais: Relevância do tema; ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The reflections related to ethnic-racial relations in Education in general, and in particular in the Physical Education school have not yet advanced to the point of being themed next to the disciplinary contents. In addition, a law was introduced in 2003 that introduces the obligatory ethno-racial correlations in Brazilian school curricula. It is understood that Physical Education should provide students with experiences and understandings of body culture so that they are meaningful for everyday life. Considering that the students who are currently in the schools are digital natives and that the technology is part of their reality, to use it in a pedagogical way in the classes can aid in the process of teaching and learning, breaking the traditional Physical Education vision, in the critical dialogue Between the contents and the media, in the transposition of activities for life, among other aspects. Thus, the objective of the present research was to elaborate a didactic unit from the content of the State of São Paulo curriculum for High School, using ICT to problematize ethnic-racial relations. In addition, implement and evaluate the perceptions of the teacher and students about the work developed. The methodological course was qualitative, developed through four stages: 1) documentary analysis of the curriculum of the State of São Paulo; 2) observation, focus group with students and semi-structured interview with teacher; 3) preparation and implementation of the didactic unit and 4) evaluation of the didactic unit implemented. The data obtained in the data collections were transcribed, reviewed and classified from the content analysis. The results were grouped into three main categories: Relevance of the theme; Racial Prejudice and The Use of ICT. Regarding the "relevance of the subject" it was found that both the teacher and the students before and after the interventions ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre