In the Adams Collection at the Tillamook County Pioneer Museum, Tillamook, Oregon, there are 29 baskets that were probably made between 1880 and 1940. They are mostly of raffia, are somewhat faded from their original, bright, commercial colors, and are generally quite small. Despite the fact that these baskets are well-documented and were made by Tillamook women, they are the sort that have been overlooked by anthropologists and by collectors because of their non-"traditional" appearance. In order to determine what relationship these baskets have to Tillamook basketry made earlier, I analyzed them and 39 Tillamook baskets from four other museum collections for features of structural and.decorative techniques, shape, size, and stitch qualities, and noted the.materials used.

The project consists of three parts: a summary of the research, a collection of sixteen oral histories of Latter-day Saint Electronic Media and Public Relations professionals who contributed to the development and growth of media in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and a one-hour documentary film, Pioneers in Mormon Media, which gives a brief history of the development of modern mass communications and its use by the Church. This qualitative study investigates who has been involved in Church media, what projects have been accomplished and provides some explanation as to why the Church uses media. The oral histories which are in DVD format are available in Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah. The library has also made them available online at http://byugle.lib.byu.edu. Transcriptions of the oral histories are located in the appendix. The documentary film is available through BYU Broadcasting and the Harold B. Lee Library.

Through examining the life of Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, a nineteenth-century Mormon woman, this thesis establishes an analytical framework for studying the lives of Mormon women in territorial Utah. Their faith, femininity, and the frontier form the boundaries in which their lives are studied. Their faith was primarily defined by the doctrines of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, such as a belief in a restored gospel and priesthood, temples, and polygamy. These unique beliefs also fostered an identity as a chosen people and contributed to hostile feelings from their neighbors. Persecution followed and the Latter-day Saint community responded by isolating themselves geographically and ideologically from their perceived enemies. This isolation, in turn, elevated the importance of LDS doctrine and culture in Mormon women's lives.Mormon women also brought to Utah territory Northeastern notions of domesticity promulgated through women's magazines of the time. In Utah, local newspapers also forwarded the ideals of purity, piety, submissiveness, and virtue. Mormon women claimed to implement these values in their lives, but Protestant women found their acceptance of polygamy an insult to womanhood.Finally, Mormon women lived on the western frontier, isolated from markets in a desert. Such circumstances inevitably affected their lives. They had to sacrifice convenience, economic stability, and physical comforts while establishing a reliable food supply, irrigation systems, schools, and homes. Domestic production of food stuffs and goods became essential to a family's survival.This picture of Mormon women, though generally accurate, is not enough to examine the many unique facets of their lives. The triad of faith, femininity, the frontier sets the boundaries for the study, but does not account for the differences between each woman's unique personality and circumstances. I have chosen Martha Jane Knowlton Coray to test the boundaries established in this framework. As a believer, Martha was concerned with building the Kingdom of God. She followed Brigham Young's 1870s directives and her own ambitions to sell medicinal products throughout Utah Territory. Doctrine regarding eternal families and her domestic ideals no doubt contributed to her choice to have twelve children. But Martha and Howard failed at their attempt to practice polygamy, and poverty prevented Martha from doing as much for her children as she would have liked. Martha's life illustrates that although the greatest influences in Mormon women's lives can be identified, the individual paths followed were forged by choice, personality, and determination.

In the early decades of the nineteenth-century, an era of cultural change and disorientation, many turned to revivals to displace insecure emotionalism and to insure themselves of a place in the emerging society. Others, such as the Mormons sought an all encompassing plan that would dispel confusion and restore order to a decadent society. This search led some Mormons to follow their Prophet to Kirtland, Ohio. Once in Kirtland, various sociological conflicts developed which affected how the citizens of Kirtland would perceive their Mormon neighbors. Tantamount to these conflicts was the rapidly increasing Mormon population which triggered a corresponding rise in the land costs and thus affected Kirtland's social structure. This study has also found that during the apostasy of 1837 few, other than the leadership, disaffiliated. Finally, it was shown that Kirtland's lack of population growth after 1840 was similar to the declines experienced by other areas of the Western Reserve.

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Dans l’hypophyse, Pax7 spécifie l’état du lobe intermédiaire grâce à son action pionnière. Cette action implique dans un premier temps une liaison de cette protéine à certains sites d’hétérochromatine et, par la suite, le remodelage de cette hétérochromatine en euchromatine. Le remodelage de l’épigénome par Pax7 permet au facteur de transcription Tpit d’entrainer l’activation du transcriptome mélanotrope par opposition au destin hypophysaire corticotrope entraîné par Tpit en l’absence de Pax7. Pour étudier l’action pionnière de Pax7, différents membres du laboratoire Drouin ont utilisé un modèle de cellules corticotropes. L’expression ectopique du facteur pionnier Pax7 dans ces cellules permet leur transition d’un phénotype corticotrope à mélanotrope. En plus de l’isoforme prédominante de Pax7 exprimée dans hypophyse avec lequel les travaux de Budry et Mayran ont étaient faits, il existe trois autres isoformes de Pax7 qui diffèrent par quelques acides aminés (Q et GL) dans le domaine PAIRED liant l’ADN. Nous voulions savoir quels étaient les domaines protéiques de Pax7 impliqués pour son activité pionnière. Nous avons d’abord étudié les propriétés des différents isoformes naturelles de Pax7 présentant des variations dans le domaine PAIRED que ce soient pour leurs capacités de facteur transcription ou de facteur pionnier dans un modèle de cellules de corticotrope. Nous avons constaté que les quatre isoformes de Pax7, ainsi que Pax3, le facteur le plus homologue à Pax7 dans la famille Pax, présentent une capacité similaire à lier la chromatine fermée. Cependant, Pax3 et les isoformes de Pax7 (GL+) sont incapables d’ouvrir la chromatine sur un sous-groupe d’enhancers pionniers nécessaire à l’activation du transcriptome mélanotrope. Par la suite, par analyse structure-fonction, nous avons identifié une région de Pax7 importante pour sa liaison à soixante pour cent des sites présents dans l’hétérochromatine qui sont ciblés par l’action pionnière et une région importante pour l’ouverture de chromatine aux sites des pionniers sensibles à la variation GL. Collectivement, nos données ont montré que les acides aminés GL dans le domaine PAIRED en N-terminal et la partie C-terminale de la protéine Pax7 sont critiques pour l’ouverture de la chromatine à des enhancers spécifiques présents dans l’hétérochromatine dont l’activation est nécessaire au destin mélanotrope. D’autre part, les analyses de structure-fonctions nous ont permis d’identifier une région critique de Pax7 nécessaire à son interaction avec l’hétérochromatine sur ces même enhancers. / In the pituitary, Pax7 specifies the intermediate lobe state through a pioneer factor action that involves the binding of this protein to certain heterochromatin sites and, subsequently, the remodeling of this heterochromatin into euchromatin. Epigenome remodeling by Pax7 thus allows the transcription factor Tpit to determine the melanotrope fate as opposed to the corticotrope pituitary fate that is driven by Tpit in absence of Pax7. To study the pioneering action of Pax7, Budry et al, and Mayran et al, used a model of corticotrope cells which, following the expression of Pax7, transit from a corticotrope phenotype to melanotic phenotype thanks to its pioneering action. In addition to the predominant Pax7 isoform expressed in pituitary with which the work of Budry and Mayran were done, there are three other Pax7 isoforms that differ by a few amino acids (Q and GL) in the DNA-binding paired domain. We wanted to know what protein domains of Pax7 was involved in its pioneering activity. We have investigated the properties of the different Pax7 isoforms with respect to their transcriptional and pioneer capabilities in a model of corticotrope cells. We found that all four Pax7 isoforms together with the closely related factor Pax3, exhibit a similar ability to bind closed chromatin. However, Pax3 and the isoforms of Pax7 (GL+) failed to open the chromatin at a subset of enhancer necessary to activate the melanotrope transcriptome. In addition, we have identified by structure-function analysis a region of Pax7 that appears important for Pax7 binding at 60 percent of heterochromatin sites that are targeted for pioneering and one region important for chromatin opening to the pioneer sites GL-sensible. Collectively, our data suggest that the amino acids GL in the paired domain and the C-terminal part are critical for the chromatin opening to heterochromatin sites necessary to melanotrope transcriptome. On the other hand, structure-functions analyses allowed us to identify a critical region of Pax7 required for the interaction with heterochromatin on these same enhancers.

This thesis demonstrates how some women used the power of their ancestry and family name to run for political office, to become a positive role model for other women, and also to help pass laws favorable to the improvement of gender equality. Edna Pearce Lockett was unique, but also a reflection of the values of her community. Women who ran for office tended to have strong male figures in their lives that treated them as equals. They often were savvy enough to use the novelty of their gender to encourage positive press. Far from trying to be men, they accentuated their femininity through press accounts detailing their fashion sense, their dedication to feminine pursuits, and their ability to be ladies as well as serve their constituency. Edna Pearce Lockett's life also illustrates what society was like in central Florida during the first half of the 20th century for men and women living on and around the cattle industry. / by Terry L. Dooley. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2009. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2009. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

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