Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wyoming, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 7, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-162).

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-11-16T17:57:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Natália Machado Mergen_.pdf: 3406281 bytes, checksum: 7a4504fe75f81db4d6a7296de374cce9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-16T17:57:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natália Machado Mergen_.pdf: 3406281 bytes, checksum: 7a4504fe75f81db4d6a7296de374cce9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-03 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROSUP - Programa de Suporte à Pós-Gradução de Instituições de Ensino Particulares / Nesta dissertação serão analisadas estruturas arqueológicas relacionadas às populações Jê Meridionais, existentes no município de São José do Cerrito, no Planalto Catarinense. A análise busca identificar indícios de complexidade em assentamentos do grupo, datados em diferentes períodos de ocupação. Estes, quando relacionados num mesmo processo, revelam diferenças na estruturação dos assentamentos, dados que contribuem para uma compreensão maior deste processo. Através do estudo dos assentamentos foram identificados três momentos de ocupação, que podem ser relacionados às mudanças ambientais ocorridas na região. No primeiro momento existem assentamentos rápidos, a céu aberto, em áreas de campo, num ambiente com recursos dispersos. No segundo momento existem assentamentos mais estáveis e mais prolongados, com estruturas subterrâneas ainda sem cerâmica, num ambiente onde os recursos da araucária começaram a se concentrar. No terceiro momento existem assentamentos mais sedentários e longos, com estruturas subterrâneas, estruturas cerimoniais e uso de cerâmica, num ambiente com recursos abundantes e estáveis. Neste último período, as estruturas subterrâneas também se transformaram, passando de estruturas grandes para estruturas geminadas e pequenas. Esta dinamicidade promove uma relativização das concepções que buscam associar todos os sítios com estruturas atribuídas ao Jê Meridional como pertencentes ao mesmo período cronológico. Esta diversificação questiona as visões que enxergam as estruturas como parte de uma única etapa de ocupação. / In this dissertation, archeological structures related to the Jê Meridional people, from the municipality of São José do Cerrito, in the state of Santa Catarina, will be analyzed. The analysis aims to identify traces of complexity in settlements corresponding to different periods of occupation of the group. These settlements, when compared to each other in a same process, reveal differences in the structuration of the settlements, which can contribute to a larger understanding of this process. Three different moments of occupation were identified which we can relate to environmental changes in the region. At the first moment, there are speedy settlements, on the open air, on campo’s areas, in a general environment with scattered resources. At a second moment, the settlements are more stable and lasting, with pit houses, still without pottery, in an environment where the resources of the Araucaria tree start to concentrate. At a third moment, the settlements are more sedentary and even more lasting, with pit houses, ceremonial structures and the use of pottery, in an environment with plentiful and stable resources. In this last period, the pit houses change from large to geminate and smaller structures. This observed dynamicity relativizes the conceptions that try to associate all the sites with the mentioned structures of the Jê Meridional to the same chronological period. This diversification questions the view that all these structures are part of a single stage of occupation.

Through the years, there has been a great deal of archaeological research focused on the earliest farming cultures of Europe (i.e. Early Neolithic). However, little effort has been expended to uncover the type and nature of daily activities performed within Early Neolithic dwellings, particularly in the Balkans. This thesis conducts a spatial analysis of the Early Neolithic pit house levels of the Foeni-Salaş site in southeast Romania, in the northern half of the Balkans, to determine the kinds and locations of activities that occurred in these pit houses. Characteristic Early Neolithic dwellings in the northern Balkans are pit houses. The data are analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in an attempt to identify non-random patterns that will indicate how the pit house inhabitants used their space. Both visual and statistical (Nearest Neighbor) techniques are used to identify spatial patterns. Spreadsheet data are incorporated into the map database in order to compare and contrast the results from the two techniques of analysis. Map data provides precise artefact locations, while spreadsheet data yield more generalized quad centroid information. Unlike the mapped data, the spreadsheet data also included artefacts recovered in sieves. Utilizing both data types gave a more complexand fuller understanding of how space was used at Foeni-Salaş. The results show that different types of activity areas are present within each of the pit houses. Comparison of interior to exterior artifact distributions demonstrates that most activities take place within pit house. Some of the activities present include weaving, food preparation, butchering, hide processing, pottery making, ritual, and other activities related to the running of households. It was found that these activities are placed in specific locations relative to features within the pit house and the physical structure of the pit house itself. This research adds to the growing body of archaeological research that implements GIS to answer questions and solve problems related to the spatial dimension of human behaviour. / February 2008

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Through the years, there has been a great deal of archaeological research focused on the earliest farming cultures of Europe (i.e. Early Neolithic). However, little effort has been expended to uncover the type and nature of daily activities performed within Early Neolithic dwellings, particularly in the Balkans. This thesis conducts a spatial analysis of the Early Neolithic pit house levels of the Foeni-Salaş site in southeast Romania, in the northern half of the Balkans, to determine the kinds and locations of activities that occurred in these pit houses. Characteristic Early Neolithic dwellings in the northern Balkans are pit houses. The data are analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in an attempt to identify non-random patterns that will indicate how the pit house inhabitants used their space. Both visual and statistical (Nearest Neighbor) techniques are used to identify spatial patterns. Spreadsheet data are incorporated into the map database in order to compare and contrast the results from the two techniques of analysis. Map data provides precise artefact locations, while spreadsheet data yield more generalized quad centroid information. Unlike the mapped data, the spreadsheet data also included artefacts recovered in sieves. Utilizing both data types gave a more complexand fuller understanding of how space was used at Foeni-Salaş. The results show that different types of activity areas are present within each of the pit houses. Comparison of interior to exterior artifact distributions demonstrates that most activities take place within pit house. Some of the activities present include weaving, food preparation, butchering, hide processing, pottery making, ritual, and other activities related to the running of households. It was found that these activities are placed in specific locations relative to features within the pit house and the physical structure of the pit house itself. This research adds to the growing body of archaeological research that implements GIS to answer questions and solve problems related to the spatial dimension of human behaviour.

Through the years, there has been a great deal of archaeological research focused on the earliest farming cultures of Europe (i.e. Early Neolithic). However, little effort has been expended to uncover the type and nature of daily activities performed within Early Neolithic dwellings, particularly in the Balkans. This thesis conducts a spatial analysis of the Early Neolithic pit house levels of the Foeni-Salaş site in southeast Romania, in the northern half of the Balkans, to determine the kinds and locations of activities that occurred in these pit houses. Characteristic Early Neolithic dwellings in the northern Balkans are pit houses. The data are analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in an attempt to identify non-random patterns that will indicate how the pit house inhabitants used their space. Both visual and statistical (Nearest Neighbor) techniques are used to identify spatial patterns. Spreadsheet data are incorporated into the map database in order to compare and contrast the results from the two techniques of analysis. Map data provides precise artefact locations, while spreadsheet data yield more generalized quad centroid information. Unlike the mapped data, the spreadsheet data also included artefacts recovered in sieves. Utilizing both data types gave a more complexand fuller understanding of how space was used at Foeni-Salaş. The results show that different types of activity areas are present within each of the pit houses. Comparison of interior to exterior artifact distributions demonstrates that most activities take place within pit house. Some of the activities present include weaving, food preparation, butchering, hide processing, pottery making, ritual, and other activities related to the running of households. It was found that these activities are placed in specific locations relative to features within the pit house and the physical structure of the pit house itself. This research adds to the growing body of archaeological research that implements GIS to answer questions and solve problems related to the spatial dimension of human behaviour.

Salvage investigations were carried out in 1970-71 at the Katz site (DiRj 1), a prehistoric pithouse settlement located along the Fraser River near the eastern end of the lower Fraser valley three miles downriver from Hope, B.C. Various hypotheses have been advanced to account for the presence of pithouses, a house type considered characteristic of the Plateau, in the lower Fraser river region. Archaeological research conducted at the Katz site has revealed (1) that the pithouse settlement was occupied about the middle of the first millennium B.C., (2) that the artefactual remains in association with the pithouse occupancy express technological affinities which are "interior", "coastal", as well as "local" in character, and (3) the site functioned as a multi-season activity locale. Archaeological investigations at Katz also yielded evidence of a utilization of the site prior to pithouse occupancy. In this earlier deposit, artefactual remains were found interbedded in floodplain alluvia. The stratigraphy, tools, and features, of this zone suggest a seasonal utilization of the site during this period, possibly associated with summer and perhaps fall fishing activities. These data are examined and discussed in the light of ecological information, ethnographic accounts, and previous archaeological findings in the region and adjacent regions. Evidence presented in this thesis adds to the empirical research previously undertaken for the purpose of establishing time depth, derivation, and social activities in Northwest pithouse villages, and adds information regarding tool kits, and activities at a seasonally utilized site early in the first millennium B.C. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-25T20:56:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul Viana Novasco.pdf: 18363214 bytes, checksum: 5cf2f12d606843ff20b83267eef25761 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-25T20:56:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul Viana Novasco.pdf: 18363214 bytes, checksum: 5cf2f12d606843ff20b83267eef25761 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Nenhuma / Estudos linguísticos e etnográficos informam que os grupos Jê Meridionais, cuja origem remonta ao planalto central brasileiro, teriam iniciado sua migração em direção ao planalto sul do Brasil há, aproximadamente, 3.000 anos atrás. O momento de sua chegada às terras altas de Santa Catarina ainda é desconhecido, contudo, é indiscutível que durante todo o seu processo de ocupação empreendido sobre o planalto sul brasileiro, os Jê Meridionais mantiveram uma relação muito estreita com o ambiente, percebendo as mudanças climáticas e alterações ocorridas principalmente na composição biótica da região (fauna e flora), elaborando respostas adaptativas às transformações naturais, e transformando a sua organização social. Partindo desses pressupostos, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de captar elementos que nos permitam identificar estratégias de adaptação e assentamento desenvolvidas por esses grupos na área do sítio Rincão dos Albinos. O sítio arqueológico Rincão dos Albinos está situado no município de São José do Cerrito, planalto dissecado do Estado de Santa Catarina, em área de drenagem da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Canoas. O sítio é composto por 107 casas subterrâneas, dispostas em uma área de 200 metros de raio e as datas obtidas dentro e fora de estruturas habitacionais sugerem que a ocupação teve seu início há 1.400 A.P., período em que a região do planalto catarinense é, majoritariamente, coberta por campos recortados por rios e córregos acompanhados de pequenas matas com araucária. Foram elaborados produtos cartográficos temáticos em escalas variadas que apresentam dados específicos do sítio, tais como a distribuição das estruturas e suas relações com o espaço onde estão inseridas; e características físicas regionais, abrangendo o médio curso do Rio Canoas. Tais materiais nos possibilitaram fazer uma leitura mais ampla do espaço onde o sítio está inserido, que, juntamente com a análise de dados paleoambientais, geográficos, ecológicos e culturais, nos fizeram perceber que o sítio Rincão dos Albinos registra - tanto nas camadas de ocupação das casas subterrâneas, quanto na paisagem - ao menos, dois períodos de transição cultural e ambiental. / Linguistic and ethnographic studies report that Southern Jê, whose origin dates back to the central Brazilian plateau, have started their migration towards the southern highlands of Brazil by approximately 3.000 years ago. The moment they arrive to the highlands of Santa Catarina is still unknown, however, it is clear that throughout the process of occupation undertaken of the southern Brazilian plateau, the Southern Jê maintained a very close relationship with the environment, perceiving climate change and especially changes in the composition of biotic region (fauna and flora), developing adaptive responses to natural transformations, and transforming their social organization. Based on these assumptions, the present work was developed with the aim of capturing elements that allow us to identify adaptation and settlement strategies developed by these groups in the area of the site Rincão dos Albinos. The archaeological site Rincão dos Albinos is situated in the municipality of São José do Cerrito, dissected plateau in the State of Santa Catarina, in the drainage area of the watershed of the Canoas River. The site consists of 107 pit houses, arranged in an area of 200 meters radius and dates obtained inside and outside of residential structures suggest that the occupation had its beginnings at 1400 B.P., a period that the plateau of Santa Catarina is mostly covered by campos intersected by rivers and streams accompanied by small araucaria forests. Thematic maps were produced in various scales and present specific data from the site, such as the distribution of structures and their relations with the space where they are inserted, and regional geographical features, including the middle course of the Canoas River. The maps allowed us to make a wider reading of the space where the site is located, and associated with the analysis of paleoenvironmental, geographic, ecological and cultural dates, made us realize that the archaeological site Rincão dos Albinos - in its layers of occupation and landscape - records at least two periods of cultural and environmental transition.