This thesis provides a commentary on Plautus' Aulularia. In the introduction I examine the key themes and issues of Aulularia, in particular the two main textual problems of the names of the slaves and the lost ending, and the two main themes of communication and religion. The introduction also examines the characters of the play, some aspects relating to the Greek model, the main features of Plautine Latin, and the MSS tradition. However, there is not an attempt either to discover exactly what Plautus wrote, or to reconstruct the Greek model. The commentary focuses on the explanation of lines which are difficult or unusual linguistically, metrically, or textually, but also discusses social and historical themes as they arise, which are not examined in the introduction. Thus I have aimed to investigate technical aspects in detail, while keeping in mind a broader perspective, which enables one to discover the themes of the play. These themes have been emphasised in order to create a form useful to both undergraduate and postgraduate students, since the ultimate aim is to publish the commentary. At the end of the commentary there is a conspectus metrorum, which aims to provide a starting-point for an investigation of the metre of the play, rather than a definitive analysis. It is the aim of this commentary and introduction to aid appreciation and understanding of the material that survives to us, while not forgetting that it does not exist in isolation from its Greek model, but recognising that there is value in a study of this play for itself, whether or not Plautus remained close to or deviated much from his Greek model.

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This thesis presents a literary study of three subtypes of the maiden stock character in Plautine Comedy: the silent virgo, the meretrix-virgo, and the virgo in transition. The comic maiden is remarkable in Roman Comedy, in that she is the female protagonist of most if not all of the plays in which she is a character, although she sometimes never appears onstage. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how the playwright manages and enrichens his portrayals of the virgo despite her limitations, and to analyze her significance in the broader themes of her plays. This has been done by detailed character analyses of three of Plautus’ plays, each of which features a virgo who represents one of the three subtypes of the comic maiden (i.e. Phaedria from Plautus’ Aulularia, Palaestra from Plautus’ Rudens, and Alcmena from Plautus’ Amphitruo respectively). Through the examination of the characters’ speeches and conversations, including those presented by the maiden herself when she appears onstage, it is evident that the virgo is a central figure in tensions and conclusions driving the plot. Because of her contradictory circumstances (i.e. her premarital pregnancy, slave status, or change in stock role), this integral function is contingent on her piety and innocence, which must be maintained throughout the play. Finally, the propitious resolution of the plot comes about in the restoration of the maiden’s status and the promise of marriage between her and the male lover. Because of this, she is also deeply connected to the underlying themes of morality and communal bonds governing the play. This research highlights the valuable and central role of a character in Plautine comedy, whose on-stage presence is often limited or even non-existent. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA) / This thesis analyzes the portrayals of three subtypes of the virgo or maiden stock character in the comedies of Plautus, a Roman playwright who flourished in the late third to early second centuries BCE. More specifically, this thesis presents a detailed character study of Phaedria as the silent maiden in Aulularia, Palaestra as the prostitute-maiden (meretrix-virgo) in Rudens, and Alcmena the maiden in transition in Amphitruo. The aim is to investigate how Plautus manages and enrichens his characterization of these maidens, as well as their significance in the broader themes of the plays. Through the textual analyses of characters’ speeches and dialogues, this research highlights the centrality of the virgo in the tensions and resolutions driving the plot, and her connection to the underlying themes of morality and communal bonds in Plautus’ plays.

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A temática do duplo é assunto recorrente dentro da Literatura desde tempos primordiais, sendo encontrada nela diferentes formas de constituição da duplicidade. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as obras Amphytruo, do escritor latino Plauto e O Homem Duplicado, do escritor português José Saramago por meio da investigação do tema do duplo presente nas duas obras em questão. Dessa forma, o diálogo entre as obras se estabelece por meio do mito de Anfitrião, que é retomado pelos dois escritores transfigurado segundo a intenção de cada um. Nosso proposito é, amparados pela literatura comparada, investigar como o tema do duplo é tratado em cada obra, para qual direcionamento a crise identitária imanente em cada uma aponta e examinar quais mecanismos intertextuais cada escritor se vale para compor suas obras retomando/renovando seu protótipo. A análise das referidas obras tem, como apoio teórico, os estudos bakhtinianos sobre o dialogismo e os elementos intertextuais de acréscimo, supressão, inversão e deslocamento. Por meio da análise empreendida, verificamos como os autores retomam o tema do duplo para abordar a cisão da identidade dos sujeitos de suas épocas. Do estudo podemos apreender que a literatura clássica, por ser monolítica, não assume dimensões dramáticas, diferente da literatura moderna que atinge, com maior frequência, desfechos trágicos. / The theme of the double is recurring issue in the literature since early times, founding it up different forms of constitution of duplicity. This study aims to analyze the works Amphytruo, of the Latin writer Plautus and O Homem Duplicado, of the Portuguese writer Jose Saramago by investigating the theme of this double in the two works in question. Thus, the dialogue between the works is established through the myth of Host, which is taken up by two writers transfigured for the intentions of each. Our purpose is supported by comparative literature to investigate how the theme of the double is treated in each work, to which direction the immanent identity crisis points in each and examine what intertextual mechanisms each writer uses to create his works returning / renewing its prototype. The analysis of these works has as theoretical support, Bakhtin studies on dialogism and the intertextual elements of addition, deletion, inversion and displacement. Through this analysis, we examine how the authors take up the subject of the double to approach the identity split of the subjects of their times. From this study we learn that the classic literature, for being monolithic, does not assumes dramatic dimensions, unlike the modern literature which affects, more often, tragic endings.

A temática do duplo é assunto recorrente dentro da Literatura desde tempos primordiais, sendo encontrada nela diferentes formas de constituição da duplicidade. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as obras Amphytruo, do escritor latino Plauto e O Homem Duplicado, do escritor português José Saramago por meio da investigação do tema do duplo presente nas duas obras em questão. Dessa forma, o diálogo entre as obras se estabelece por meio do mito de Anfitrião, que é retomado pelos dois escritores transfigurado segundo a intenção de cada um. Nosso proposito é, amparados pela literatura comparada, investigar como o tema do duplo é tratado em cada obra, para qual direcionamento a crise identitária imanente em cada uma aponta e examinar quais mecanismos intertextuais cada escritor se vale para compor suas obras retomando/renovando seu protótipo. A análise das referidas obras tem, como apoio teórico, os estudos bakhtinianos sobre o dialogismo e os elementos intertextuais de acréscimo, supressão, inversão e deslocamento. Por meio da análise empreendida, verificamos como os autores retomam o tema do duplo para abordar a cisão da identidade dos sujeitos de suas épocas. Do estudo podemos apreender que a literatura clássica, por ser monolítica, não assume dimensões dramáticas, diferente da literatura moderna que atinge, com maior frequência, desfechos trágicos. / The theme of the double is recurring issue in the literature since early times, founding it up different forms of constitution of duplicity. This study aims to analyze the works Amphytruo, of the Latin writer Plautus and O Homem Duplicado, of the Portuguese writer Jose Saramago by investigating the theme of this double in the two works in question. Thus, the dialogue between the works is established through the myth of Host, which is taken up by two writers transfigured for the intentions of each. Our purpose is supported by comparative literature to investigate how the theme of the double is treated in each work, to which direction the immanent identity crisis points in each and examine what intertextual mechanisms each writer uses to create his works returning / renewing its prototype. The analysis of these works has as theoretical support, Bakhtin studies on dialogism and the intertextual elements of addition, deletion, inversion and displacement. Through this analysis, we examine how the authors take up the subject of the double to approach the identity split of the subjects of their times. From this study we learn that the classic literature, for being monolithic, does not assumes dramatic dimensions, unlike the modern literature which affects, more often, tragic endings.

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Zugl.: Freiburg (Breisgau), Univ., 2003/2004

Inaug.-diss.--Greifswald. / Cover title. Vita. Filmed with: Walter, K. / Emendationum in Sophoclis fabulas specimen -- Wandinger, C. / Pomponiana Graecina : Tac. Ann. XIII. 32 -- Walther, G.H. / Observationum in C. Cornelii Taciti opera conscriptarum specimen alterum -- Warren, M. / On the enclitic ne in early Latin -- Wasmansdorff, E. / Luciani scripta ea, quae ad Menippum spectant, inter se comparantur et diiudicantur -- Zellmer, W. / De lege Plautia quae fuit de vi -- Zijnen, F.B.J.S. / Specimen historico-philosophum, quo Plutarchi de nonnullis Chrysippi placitis judicium examinatur -- Waldfogl, C. / Ueber den Platonischen Dialog der Sophist oder vom Sein -- Waller, W. / Excursus criticus in P. Papinii Statii Silvas -- Wallinder, J. / De statu plebejorum Romanorum ante primam in montem sacrum secessionem quaestiones -- Wallrafen, W. / Einrichtung und kommunale Entwicklung der rm̲ischen Provinz Lusitanien -- Walther, E. / De dativi instrumentalis usu Homerico -- Walther, F. / Studien zu Tacitus und Curtius -- Widmann, H. / De Gaio Vettio Aquilino Iuvenco carminis evangelici poeta et Vergilii imitatore -- Werner, J. / Quaestiones Babrianae -- Wernicke, J.C. / De Pausaniae Periegetae studiis Herodoteis -- Wessig, H. / De aetate et auctore Philopatridis dialogi -- Wetzell, C. / De usu verbi substantivi Tacitino -- Werder, C.F. / De Platonis Parmenide -- Stamer, A. / Engkuklios paideia in dem Urteil der griechischen Philosophenschulen -- Sexauer, H. / Sprachgebrauch des Romanschriftstellers Achilles Tatius -- Stamkart, J.A. / Specimen litterarium inaugurale exhibens commentarium in Plauti Mostellarium -- Seibel, M. / Klage um Hektor im letzten Buche der Ilias -- Siegismund, A.J. / Quaestionum de metathesi Graeca particula I -- Tanzmann, J.J. / De C. Plinii Caecilii Secundi vita ingenio moribus quaestio -- Teetz, F. / Beitrg̃e zur Rhythmopoiie des Sophokles ... -- Siemering, F.O. / Quaestionum Lucretianarum particula I et II -- Thedinga, F. / De Numenio philosopho Platonico -- Theissen, W. / De Sallustii, Livii, Taciti digressionibus -- Schemann, L. / De legionum per alterum bellum Punicum historia quae investigari posse videantur -- Natorp, P. / Quos auctores in ultimis Belli Peloponnesiaci annis describendis secuti sint Diodorus Plutarchus Cornelius Iustinus -- Partsch, J.F.M. / Darstellung Europa's in dem geographischen Werke des Agrippa. Includes bibliographical references.