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Die Patronatserklärung /Koch, Jens. January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Univ., Habil.-Schr.--Bochum, 2004. / Literaturverz. S. [621] - 646.
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Vallöften - vad hände med dem? : En utvärderingsstudie av uppfyllnad av vallöften inom arbetsmarknadspolitik från två mandatperioder / Election pledges - what happened with them? : An evaluation study of fulfillment of election pledges in the field of labour politics from two legislative termsGunnarsson, Nathalie January 2018 (has links)
The number of political parties in Sweden that are identifying themselves as caring for the labour politics and labour workers is increasing. Due to that and the upcoming Swedish parliamentary election in September 2018, I have investigated fulfillment of election pledges within the field of labour politics during two mandate periods seen to four cases. The questions that binds this thesis together is which of the four cases that have fulfilled the highest number and the highest percentage of the studied election pledges, and to what extent, during the mandate periods of 2006 to 2010 and 2014 to the 1st of May 2018. This is being made through a quantitative literature study which applies theory consuming methods of the responsible party model and the rational choice theory. This study concludes that the socialist party, Socialdemokraterna, is the party that have fulfilled and started the highest percentage of the studied election pledges. Seen to the number, the socialist and environmental friendly coalition, de rödgröna, had the highest full fulfillment of pledges. However, the liberal conservative coalition, Alliansen, had the highest number of half fulfilled pledges. They also had the highest number of pledges with no fulfillmet, wherease the environmental friendly party, Miljöpartiet, had the highest percentage of election pledges with no fulfillment.
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Zástavní právo k obchodnímu závodu a jeho části / Pledge over business enterprise and its partZabadal, Michal January 2018 (has links)
This thesis focuses on selected interpretation issues accompanying the particular stages of the existence of a pledge over a business enterprise. First, the thesis provides the basic definition of a business enterprise, with an emphasis on the characteristics relevant for the pledge purposes. In addition to the analysis of its legal definition, the thesis comes to defining the business enterprise as a special kind of a collective asset. The text further focuses on the moment the pledge over the business enterprise is created. It concludes that the pledge over the business enterprise itself, including each individual asset forming it, is created upon constitutive registration in the registry of pledges. The centrepiece of the analysis supporting this conclusion is represented by the concept of a business enterprise as a functional unit, which is dealt with as a such by the law, and not only in connection with the creation of a pledge. The next part of the thesis addresses the consequences of this mode of creation of a pledge for the protection of the good faith of third parties. It comes to the conclusion that, if a third party acquires a right in rem to a particular asset forming the pledged business enterprise, in good faith in the absence of its encumbrance, where the pledge over the business...
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Modernizing the laws for the collateralization of intellectual property : China in a world perspective / China in a world perspectiveLin, Min January 2011 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Law
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Vormen van accessoriëteit : een romanistische studie over het verschijnsel accessoriëteit bij het goederenrechtelijke zekerheidsrecht /Out, Johanna Cornelia, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Universiteit Leiden, 2005. / "Stellingen" inserted. Includes bibliographical references (p. xiii-xxiii) and index.
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The early Irish law of pledgingBemmer, Jacqueline January 2016 (has links)
This thesis investigates the law of pledging as presented in the early Irish laws and draws connections to its relations within the overall system of security. At the centre of my research stands the question what pledges Irish law recognised and how their application was determined, so as to provide a paradigm for the law of pledging in its entirety. A pledge is usually a movable, material object of symbolic and economic worth that is given to another person as a security deposit for an outstanding obligation. The main findings of this thesis are a first paradigm of the law of pledging and a methodological and contextual categorisation of all types of pledges that opens doors for future research into property law. The combined discussion of pledges, hostages and sureties offers the reader insight into a triple method of security and its differences. Moreover, the close relationship between given pledges and distrained pledges is unravelled for the first time. Of further note is the comparative investigation into pledging. Therein, the reader is presented with how pledges are used in Welsh, Salic, Lombard, Visigothic, and Burgundian law. The objective is to offer the reader a view into the possibilities of pledging and to provide a framework against which the Irish evidence can be probed, which reveals how sophisticated and attentive to detail the Irish laws were. Finally, a translation of the primary source text 'Bretha im Fuillemu Gell' (Judgements concerning Pledge-interests) is made available to the reader in the Appendix.
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Die aard en werking van retensieregte : 'n regsvergelykende studieWiese, Mitzi 14 December 2012 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / This thesis deals with the nature and operation of liens in South African law.
Whereas enrichment liens are classified as real rights, debtor creditor liens are not
(sometimes they are referred to as personal rights). The South African law of lien is
principally founded on Roman Dutch law and is similar to Dutch law before the
enactment of the current Burgerlijk Wetboek (BW).
In Dutch law the BW specifies which persons have a lien and under what
circumstances. In South African law a creditor can establish a lien against an owner
who has a duty to perform in terms of an agreement between the parties or, in the
absence of such an agreement, on the basis of unjustified enrichment.
My research has shown that a lien is not a subjective right but a capacity vested in a
creditor by operation of law. It empowers him to retain an owner’s (debtor) thing until
the creditor’s claim against him has been discharged. Extra-judicially the lien holder
can rely on his lien or he can raise it as a defence against the owner’s rei vindicatio.
The categorisation of liens as either enrichment liens, or debtor creditor liens is at
the most an indication of the different sources of the creditor’s right to which the lien
is accessory.
In Dutch law liens are classified as verhaalsrechten on the owner’s estate. These
rights (verhaalsrechten) are further classified as specific opschortingsrechten. A lien
is therefore a capacity granted to certain creditors by law to retain an owner’s
(debtor) thing.
Regarding the operation of liens against third parties (derdenwerking), Dutch law
distinguishes between a third party with an older right to the thing and a third party
with a later right to the thing. In South African case law derdewerking (real operation)
of liens is often used to explain the fact that the lienholder may, in the absence of an
agreement with the owner, retain the owner’s thing until his claim against the owner
has been discharged. In South African law a lien is a defence to the owner’s rei
vindicatio. Reliance on real operation (derdewerking) is often a means of explaining
that a lien exists against an owner with whom the creditor had no agreement. Real
operation, however, refers to the question against whom other than the owner the
lien may be enforced once its existence has been established. A lien can be
enforced against the creditors of the owner (debtor), the curator of the debtor’s
insolvent estate, heirs, mortgagees and servitude holders.
In Dutch law the BW grants preference to liens. Owing to the particular provisions of
the Insolvency Act 24 of 1936 liens in South African law enjoy preference above
other secured creditors of the insolvent owner (debtor). / Hierdie proefskrif handel oor die aard en werking van retensieregte in die Suid-
Afrikaanse reg. Verrykingsretensieregte word algemeen as saaklike regte bestempel
en skuldeiser-skuldenaar-retensieregte nie. Laasgenoemde word soms as persoonlike
regte tipeer. Die Suid-Afrikaanse reg insake retensieregte is hoofsaaklik op die
Romeins-Hollandse reg geskoei en stem in ‘n groot mate ooreen met die posisie in
die Nederlandse reg voor die inwerkingtreding van die huidige Burgerlijk Wetboek
(BW).
In die Nederlandse reg bepaal die BW uitdruklik watter persone in watter
omstandighede ‘n retensiereg het. In die Suid-Afrikaanse reg kan ‘n skuldeiser ‘n
retensiereg vestig teen ‘n eienaar wat prestasiepligtig is op grond van ‘n ooreenkoms
met die skuldeiser of, in die afwesigheid van ‘n ooreenkoms, op grond van verryking.
My navorsing toon dat ‘n retensiereg nie ‘n subjektiewe reg is nie, maar ‘n
terughoudingsbevoegdheid wat deur regswerking totstandkom. Dit stel die skuldeiser
in staat om die eienaar (skuldenaar) se saak te hou totdat die eienaar voldoen aan
die vorderingsreg wat die skuldeiser teen hom het. Die retensiereghouer kan
buitegeregtelik daarop steun, of dit as ‘n verweer teen die eienaar se rei vindicatio
aanwend. Die kategorisering van retensieregte in skuldeiser-skuldenaar-retensieregte
en verrykingsretensieregte is hoogstens aanduidend van die verskillende
ontstaansbronne van die vorderingsreg waartoe die retensiereg aksessoor is.
In die Nederlandse reg word retensieregte in die BW as verhaalsregte op die eienaar
se boedel geklassifiseer. Hierdie verhaalsregte word uitdruklik as besondere
opskortingsregte getipeer. ‘n Retensiereg is dus ‘n terughoudingsbevoegdheid wat
deur die objektiewe reg aan sekere skuldeisers verleen word.
Ten aansien van die derdewerking van retensieregte tref die Nederlandse reg ‘n
onderskeid tussen ‘n derde met ‘n later reg op die saak en ‘n derde met ‘n ouer reg
op die saak. In die Suid-Afrikaanse regspraak word “derdewerking” dikwels
aangewend om te verklaar waarom die retensiereghouer ‘n eienaar se saak mag
terughou totdat hy vergoed is vir uitgawes wat hy aan die eienaar se saak
aangebring het, terwyl hy geen ooreenkoms met die eienaar gehad het nie. In die
Suid-Afrikaanse reg is ‘n retensiereg ‘n verweer wat teen die eienaar se rei
vindicatio geopper kan word. Die beroep op “derdewerking” is dus dikwels die
kapstok om te bepaal of ‘n retensiereg teen die eienaar geopper kan word, terwyl dit
eintlik verwys na die afdwingbaarheid van ‘n bestaande retensiereg teen ander
persone as die eienaar. ‘n Retensiereg kan teen skuldeisers van die skuldenaar, die
kurator van die skuldenaar se insolvente boedel, erfgename, verbandhouers en
serwituutgeregtigdes afgedwing word.
In die Nederlandse reg verleen die BW voorkeur aan retensieregte. Vanweë die
besondere bepalings in die Insolvensiewet 24 van 1936 geniet retensieregte in die
Suid-Afrikaanse reg ook voorkeur bo ander versekerde skuldeisers van die
insolvente eienaar (skuldenaar). / Private Law / LL.D.
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Die aard en werking van retensieregte : 'n regsvergelykende studieWiese, Mitzi 14 December 2012 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / This thesis deals with the nature and operation of liens in South African law.
Whereas enrichment liens are classified as real rights, debtor creditor liens are not
(sometimes they are referred to as personal rights). The South African law of lien is
principally founded on Roman Dutch law and is similar to Dutch law before the
enactment of the current Burgerlijk Wetboek (BW).
In Dutch law the BW specifies which persons have a lien and under what
circumstances. In South African law a creditor can establish a lien against an owner
who has a duty to perform in terms of an agreement between the parties or, in the
absence of such an agreement, on the basis of unjustified enrichment.
My research has shown that a lien is not a subjective right but a capacity vested in a
creditor by operation of law. It empowers him to retain an owner’s (debtor) thing until
the creditor’s claim against him has been discharged. Extra-judicially the lien holder
can rely on his lien or he can raise it as a defence against the owner’s rei vindicatio.
The categorisation of liens as either enrichment liens, or debtor creditor liens is at
the most an indication of the different sources of the creditor’s right to which the lien
is accessory.
In Dutch law liens are classified as verhaalsrechten on the owner’s estate. These
rights (verhaalsrechten) are further classified as specific opschortingsrechten. A lien
is therefore a capacity granted to certain creditors by law to retain an owner’s
(debtor) thing.
Regarding the operation of liens against third parties (derdenwerking), Dutch law
distinguishes between a third party with an older right to the thing and a third party
with a later right to the thing. In South African case law derdewerking (real operation)
of liens is often used to explain the fact that the lienholder may, in the absence of an
agreement with the owner, retain the owner’s thing until his claim against the owner
has been discharged. In South African law a lien is a defence to the owner’s rei
vindicatio. Reliance on real operation (derdewerking) is often a means of explaining
that a lien exists against an owner with whom the creditor had no agreement. Real
operation, however, refers to the question against whom other than the owner the
lien may be enforced once its existence has been established. A lien can be
enforced against the creditors of the owner (debtor), the curator of the debtor’s
insolvent estate, heirs, mortgagees and servitude holders.
In Dutch law the BW grants preference to liens. Owing to the particular provisions of
the Insolvency Act 24 of 1936 liens in South African law enjoy preference above
other secured creditors of the insolvent owner (debtor). / Hierdie proefskrif handel oor die aard en werking van retensieregte in die Suid-
Afrikaanse reg. Verrykingsretensieregte word algemeen as saaklike regte bestempel
en skuldeiser-skuldenaar-retensieregte nie. Laasgenoemde word soms as persoonlike
regte tipeer. Die Suid-Afrikaanse reg insake retensieregte is hoofsaaklik op die
Romeins-Hollandse reg geskoei en stem in ‘n groot mate ooreen met die posisie in
die Nederlandse reg voor die inwerkingtreding van die huidige Burgerlijk Wetboek
(BW).
In die Nederlandse reg bepaal die BW uitdruklik watter persone in watter
omstandighede ‘n retensiereg het. In die Suid-Afrikaanse reg kan ‘n skuldeiser ‘n
retensiereg vestig teen ‘n eienaar wat prestasiepligtig is op grond van ‘n ooreenkoms
met die skuldeiser of, in die afwesigheid van ‘n ooreenkoms, op grond van verryking.
My navorsing toon dat ‘n retensiereg nie ‘n subjektiewe reg is nie, maar ‘n
terughoudingsbevoegdheid wat deur regswerking totstandkom. Dit stel die skuldeiser
in staat om die eienaar (skuldenaar) se saak te hou totdat die eienaar voldoen aan
die vorderingsreg wat die skuldeiser teen hom het. Die retensiereghouer kan
buitegeregtelik daarop steun, of dit as ‘n verweer teen die eienaar se rei vindicatio
aanwend. Die kategorisering van retensieregte in skuldeiser-skuldenaar-retensieregte
en verrykingsretensieregte is hoogstens aanduidend van die verskillende
ontstaansbronne van die vorderingsreg waartoe die retensiereg aksessoor is.
In die Nederlandse reg word retensieregte in die BW as verhaalsregte op die eienaar
se boedel geklassifiseer. Hierdie verhaalsregte word uitdruklik as besondere
opskortingsregte getipeer. ‘n Retensiereg is dus ‘n terughoudingsbevoegdheid wat
deur die objektiewe reg aan sekere skuldeisers verleen word.
Ten aansien van die derdewerking van retensieregte tref die Nederlandse reg ‘n
onderskeid tussen ‘n derde met ‘n later reg op die saak en ‘n derde met ‘n ouer reg
op die saak. In die Suid-Afrikaanse regspraak word “derdewerking” dikwels
aangewend om te verklaar waarom die retensiereghouer ‘n eienaar se saak mag
terughou totdat hy vergoed is vir uitgawes wat hy aan die eienaar se saak
aangebring het, terwyl hy geen ooreenkoms met die eienaar gehad het nie. In die
Suid-Afrikaanse reg is ‘n retensiereg ‘n verweer wat teen die eienaar se rei
vindicatio geopper kan word. Die beroep op “derdewerking” is dus dikwels die
kapstok om te bepaal of ‘n retensiereg teen die eienaar geopper kan word, terwyl dit
eintlik verwys na die afdwingbaarheid van ‘n bestaande retensiereg teen ander
persone as die eienaar. ‘n Retensiereg kan teen skuldeisers van die skuldenaar, die
kurator van die skuldenaar se insolvente boedel, erfgename, verbandhouers en
serwituutgeregtigdes afgedwing word.
In die Nederlandse reg verleen die BW voorkeur aan retensieregte. Vanweë die
besondere bepalings in die Insolvensiewet 24 van 1936 geniet retensieregte in die
Suid-Afrikaanse reg ook voorkeur bo ander versekerde skuldeisers van die
insolvente eienaar (skuldenaar). / Private Law / LL.D.
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A comparison of Kenyan and South African law on security by means of movablesKoli, Natasha Mwende 16 October 2015 (has links)
This study compares the legal principles applicable in both South Africa and Kenya in the creation of security by means of movables. It identifies the forms of security that can be created in the two jurisdictions. The main focus will be on the creation, publicity, priority of security interest and enforcement of the said interests. The research will in addition establish the challenges (if any) that are encountered when creating security by means of movables in Kenya and identify practical solutions that can be adopted in order to improve the creation of security by means of movables in Kenya. / Private Law / LL. M. (Property Law)
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A comparison of Kenyan and South African law on security by means of movablesKoli, Natasha Mwende 16 October 2015 (has links)
This study compares the legal principles applicable in both South Africa and Kenya in the creation of security by means of movables. It identifies the forms of security that can be created in the two jurisdictions. The main focus will be on the creation, publicity, priority of security interest and enforcement of the said interests. The research will in addition establish the challenges (if any) that are encountered when creating security by means of movables in Kenya and identify practical solutions that can be adopted in order to improve the creation of security by means of movables in Kenya. / Private Law / LL. M. (Property Law)
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