Orientador : Daniel J. Hogan / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T22:28:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DePaoli_TerciaPilomia_M.pdf: 4045722 bytes, checksum: 5ce42afe8649dfa51bf4b48366db4f9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1983 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed / Mestrado / Mestre em História

Orientador: Luiz Carlos Mendonça de Barros / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T10:58:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintra_MarcosAntonioMacedo_M.pdf: 5472164 bytes, checksum: 7e85a2b31c03a9f1c1097ac69aad7bc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1993 / Resumo: Not informed. / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Economia

Orientador: Shiguenoli Miyamoto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T13:42:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rinaldi_AugustoLeal_M.pdf: 1279497 bytes, checksum: a72ebaef1f5802a3bff057cfc11e2fe8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, buscou-se identificar, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica, em que momento no passado o governo Lula da Silva busca suas orientações diplomáticas. Partimos da hipótese de que a montagem da agenda externa deste governo, se tratando dos temas e objetivos estabelecidos e da correspondente estratégia de inserção internacional assumida, se assemelha àquela efetuada pelos governos de Jânio Quadros e João Goulart, cujas diretrizes diplomáticas se consubstanciaram na chamada Política Externa Independente. A partir de um estudo mais detalhado das políticas externas, chegamos à conclusão de que o reposicionamento de determinados temas e formas de atuação internacional efetuado durante o governo Lula, principalmente se tratado da leitura da realidade internacional, dos interesses estabelecidos e do respectivo papel do Brasil neste contexto, encontra forte correspondência no período da primeira década dos anos sessenta, evidenciando uma conjugação de princípios, interesses e estratégias que perpassam ambos os momentos. Não obstante a diferenciação conjuntural e de capacidades do país de se articular no exterior, os dois momentos encerram tamanhas semelhanças ¿ a despeito das diferenças ¿ que podemos inferir a tese segundo a qual a formulação da PEI fora retomada e atualizada pelo governo Lula, dispondo, neste momento, de novos recursos e instrumentos e adaptando-se a um cenário internacional mais favorável à atuação nesses moldes / Abstract: In this study, we sought to identify, in a historical perspective, at what time in the past Lula da Silva government seeks their diplomatic guidelines. Our hypothesis is that the assembly of the external agenda of this government, in the case of the themes and objectives set and the corresponding assumed international insertion strategy resembles that made by the governments of Quadros and Goulart, whose diplomatic guidelines are substantiated by the so-called Independent Foreign Policy. By a more detailed study of the foreign policy, we concluded that the repositioning of certain themes and forms of international activities carried out during Lula¿s government, mainly the reading of the international reality, the establishing interests and the Brazil¿s role in this context, have a strong correspondence in the period of the first decade of the sixties, showing a combination of principles, interests and strategies that underlie both moments. Despite the difference of conjecture and the country¿s capabilities to articulate abroad, the two moments contain such great similarities ¿ albeit the differences ¿ that we can infer the argument that the PEI formulation out resumed and updated by Lula¿s government, offering, this time, new resources and tools and adapting to a more favorable international scenario the action along these lines / Mestrado / Ciencia Politica / Mestre em Ciência Política

This thesis examines the challenges multinational enterprises face from political risk when making and operating foreign direct investments. The thesis considers political risk and a wide variety of approaches to its analysis and provides insight into the process of foreign direct investment, the nature of the political threat facing it, foreign investment decision making by multinationals, and the tools developed in the commercial, academic, and governmental arenas to avoid and combat the effects of political risk. In essence, the thesis addresses a business application of theories and methodologies used in political studies. The first hypothesis is: if political risk is properly understood as a phenomenon of the political environment, then it a) defies direct quantification and b) can be explained as a series of discrete elements which can be analyzed separately. The second hypothesis is: if political risk is properly understood as a series of non-quantifiable elements, analysis of political risk cannot be depended upon alone to protect multinational enterprises from political risk in foreign direct investment. The first hypothesis is addressed through a critical review and consideration of business and political risk literature. Two analytical tools are developed in this process: a ladder of cognition consisting of a series of conditions of knowledge which can be held regarding a specific risk, and indicating the type and approximate accuracy of analysis which can be undertaken of such risk; and a representation of the political risk equation as a two stage process consisting of an abstract (environmental) risk event and a discrete effect which the event may or may not have on a specific investment. The second hypothesis is addressed through a critical review of methods of political risk analysis including "qualitative" approaches with roots in traditional studies and "quantitative" approaches derived from statistical analysis and behavioralist-based determinism. Critiques of each approach include operational strengths and weaknesses, performance histories (when applicable), conceptual and practical capabilities from the perspective of the analytical tools described above, and theoretical strengths and weaknesses from the perspective of the political studies discipline. Both hypotheses are supported and the thesis concludes by reviewing tools which can be used by multinationals to manage and mitigate the effects of political risk and considering additional academic work in this arena which would be useful in developing this application of political studies.

Orientador: Jamile Sanches Codogno / Resumo: O diabetes mellitus (DM) é considerado problema de saúde pública, vem crescendo e gerando altos gastos para a saúde. A atividade física (AF) é alternativa de tratamento que traz benefícios à saúde e atua na redução dos gastos. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os gastos do tratamento de pacientes atendidos na atenção primária do município de Bauru-SP, segundo diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus e nível de atividade física: acompanhamento de 8 anos. Para amostra foram avaliados participantes com idade igual ou superior a 50 anos, cadastrados em cinco Unidades Básicas de Saúde do Município de Bauru/SP, acompanhados por um período de oito anos. O diagnóstico de DM foi avaliado a partir dos registros dos prontuários clínicos, onde também foram levantados os gastos com saúde. Foram averiguados os indicadores de saúde: tabagismo e uso de álcool por meio de questionário, obesidade, através do índice de massa corporal (IMC), e o nível de atividade física habitual, realizado por meio do questionário de Baecke (1982). Informações sobre as variáveis de confusão foram coletadas por meio do questionário da Associação Brasileira de Pesquisa (ABEP) e entrevista. Essa dissertação está estruturada em 3 capítulos; Capítulo 1: Introdução, objetivos e metodologia geral; Capítulo 2: Estudo longitudinal com objetivo de verificar os fatores associados incidência de DM e analisar como nível de atividade física habitual impacta na ocorrência da doença e consequentemente nos gastos com ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

TThis thesis sheds light on the multidimensional development experienced by China in the last decades, investigating to which extent different regions and segments of the society have benefitted from this process. The thesis comprises three independent chapters, each of which addresses this issue from a different angle and with different methodologies. The purpose of the first chapter is to document and analyze the trend and distribution of income, education and nutrition of Chinese individuals between 1989 and 2011. These three dimensions are analyzed separately (dashboard approach) through similar techniques, to preserve the possibility to compare the results of different dimensions. The inequalities observed in the three variables are measured with the Gini index, and are associated to the policies of the government and other explanatory variables. Moreover, the first chapter investigates how each type of inequality is related to the inequality of opportunities, and how the different types of discrimination evolved over time. The discrimination of individuals based on their circumstances (inequality of opportunities) is measured over time with a regression-based decomposition of inequalities. Income, education and nutrition inequalities show different trends, leading to dimension-specific policy implications. The purpose of the second chapter is to measure the Chinese poverty reduction in the multidimensional space and to individuate an informative index of multidimensional deprivation. Two alternative methodologies, the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and the Multidimensional Synthesis Indicator (MSI), are adopted and compared, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of both indexes. Moreover, an original version of the MSI index is introduced, consistently with the idea of income as a mean, not an end, to achieve well-being. The multidimensional inequality amongst different groups of Chinese people is analyzed through these techniques, which are computed based on CHNS objective data, but result significantly correlated with subjective well-being too. The results, generally consistent with the previous MPI literature, contains also original findings about the intra-household identification of multidimensional deprivation. The purpose of the third chapter is to measure the multidimensional development and convergence of Chinese provinces with composite indexes. The introduction of several MSI indexes of development, based on ten economic and social indicators of development, allows to identify the development trajectory of all the 31 provinces of China between 1993 and 2016. The effectiveness of “harmonious society” policies is investigated in terms of achievements of synergies between social and economic achievements and in terms of convergence amongst provinces, according to the β- and σ-convergence methods. Both multidimensional development and convergence are characterized by generally positive results during the “harmonious society” period; however, inequalities across provinces remains, and interventions to recover the level and distribution of specific dimensions are needed. The results of the three chapters are consistent in highlighting that Chinese reforms have different effects in terms of income and multidimensional well-being. Moreover, the thesis generally points to an improvement of Chinese conditions (despite multidimensional indexes grow more slowly than income) that has been achieved also thanks to the efforts of the central government in pursuing a more balanced and harmonious development strategy. The thesis also indicates which dimensions and regions remain more fragile, providing a possible framework to design anti-poverty policy interventions. The diffusion of multidimensional indexes in future researches about Chinese development could allow to evaluate the trajectory of future reforms, preventing the repetition of unbalanced development strategies.

The dissertation is aimed at offering an insight into the agent-based methodology and its possible application to the macroeconomic analysis. Relying on this methodology, I deal with three different issues concerning heterogeneity of economic agents, bounded rationality and interaction. Specifically, the first chapter is devoted to describe the distinctive characteristics of agent-based economics and its advantages-disadvantages. In the second chapter I propose a credit market framework characterized by the presence of asymmetric information between the banks and the entrepreneurs. I analyze how entrepreneursâ€TM heterogeneity and the presence of Relationship Banking influences the macro properties of the designed system. In the third chapter I work to take the core of Keynesâ€TMs macroeconomics into the computer laboratory, in the spirit of a counterfactual history of economic thought. In particular, I devote much effort in the behavioural characterization of the three pillars of Keynesâ€TMs economics – namely the MEC, MPC and LP – relying on his clear refusal of perfect rationality in the decision making process. The last chapter adds to the literature that assesses the impact of monetary policy under the hypothesis of agentâ€TMs bounded rationality. Indeed, I design a quasi rational process through which inflation expectations are updated, and then I analyze how this hypothesis interacts with the efficacy of different monetary policy regimes.

The objective of this thesis is to analyse the promotive, preventive and transformative role of a conditional cash transfer programme in Peru. In particular, we analyse the unintended impact of Juntos on risk-coping strategies (migration and assets accumulation) and aspirations. Since the way risk-coping strategies and aspirations are formed may determine important consequences in terms of poverty, it is relevant to analyse to what extent conditional cash transfers may affect these dimensions. This thesis shows that the Juntos programme is able, not only to deter domestic migration from rural to urban areas, but also to allow beneficiary households to invest in productive assets and activities used for income generating activities. Additionally, the programme has also a psychological effect on beneficiary children who have higher aspirations about their future studies and work.

This dissertation seeks to contribute to the ongoing debate on the variety of post-socialist developmental trajectories by analyzing specific country cases and factors. The origins of distinct development paths are traced to early policy decisions, formation of tax regimes, and the shifting balance between demand for, and supply of, redistribution. An important feature of the transition economies is the varying propensity of policy-makers to control the speed of market reforms. Policy discretion has been restricted by self-imposed economic transnationalization, i.e., the opening of the financial and production sectors to the penetration of foreign capital. Post-socialist economies have varied with respect to the timing of their transnationalization and to the strength of the associated monetary and financial discipline, which have far-reaching implications for their competitiveness. The examination of existing cases of delayed reforms, such as in Belarus, further uncovers the nuances of formation of divergent post-socialist trajectories. This process is riddled with an inescapable conflict between backward and advanced sectors. Domestic social forces are often unable to reach a negotiated, consensual solution to this conflict, thus opening an avenue for transnationalization. If this conflict is left unresolved, dual economies tend to emerge, and are characterized by the coexistence of a sector of subsidized enterprises with a sector of profit-making and more efficient companies. In order to trace the dynamics of dual economies, the dissertation develops two analytical models encapsulating the factors behind the inter-sectoral conflict and the policy instruments, including taxation and financial repression in the form of directed lending. A continuous use of these policy instruments has clear-cut implications for investment and economic growth over the long run. A case is made to show the conditions under which dual economies are sustained over prolonged periods, but do not necessarily become more efficient and stable. The first model predicts that – ceteris paribus – the speed at which dual economies converge to the income level of the most advanced countries is reduced by the legacies of industrial employment and ideological hostilities towards reforms. The second model, which captures some important properties of the Chinese economy, demonstrates that in dual economies financial repression can lead to economic growth, but it occurs at the expense of savers’ well-being.

Humans are social animals who evolved to live in societies. They are "encultured" actors as their preferences, perceptions and values are shaped by the social context to which they are exposed. Part of economic failures is due to suboptimal social contexts which determine individuals' decisions. These social contexts can be better designed by organizations and governments. The ultimate goal of this research is to emphasize that social context can be detrimental for individual decisions, providing empirically-based behavioral insights for policy makers who wish to implement regulatory policies on corruption, gender gap and injustice. Behavioral and Experimental Economics provides a clean tool to keep the internal validity necessary to disentangle complex behavioral aspects that cannot be easily observed in the field, such as those related to the influence of social environment. This Doctoral Thesis is a collection of three laboratory experimental essays about the interplay between suboptimal social contexts and decisions. The first Chapter investigates the role of group identity in unethical decisions motivated by unfairness. The second Chapter provides evidence of gender stereotype in perceptions of others'risk attitudes. The third Chapter shows that small contextual changes can promote the diffusion of corruption while others inhibit it.