PFAS är en grupp poly- och perfluorerade ämnen som framställs industriellt och förekommer i ett flertal produkter såsom impregnerade papper och textilier, brandskum och rengöringsmedel, detta på grund av dess smuts, vatten- och fettavstötande egenskaper. Ämnena klassas som PBT ämnen, persistenta, bioackumulerande och toxiska, vilket gör dem till ett hälsoproblem för människor och djur. Denna studie undersökte förekomsten av PFCA, PFSA och PAPS i micropopcorn, samt om migration från förpackning till majskorn innan tillagning förekom och om PFAS i popcornen kunde utgöra en hälsorisk för människor. Proverna bereddes genom att tillaga ett prov i mikrovågsugn, ett i kastrull innehållande majskärnor samt fettet från micropopcornpåsen och ett där majskärnorna tvättades rena från fett från påsen och därefter tillagades med rapsolja i kastrull. Proven extraherades bland annat med en SPE Wax + HLB, separerades i en Acuity UPLC och identifierades med hjälp av en Xevo TQ-S-quadrupole masspektrometer med atmosfäriskt elektrospraygränssnitt i negativt läge samt analyserades i mjukvaran Masslynx. Resultaten för PFSA/PFCA visade högst frekvens av ämnen med längre kolkedjor, utbytet för kvantifierbara ämnen i denna analys låg mellan 22,6 % - 140,5 % . Analysen av diPAPS och triPAPS gav inga haltdata på grund av lågt utbyte på 2,3 % – 4,3 % orsakat av bruseffekter samt metodens sämre förmåga att extrahera dessa ämnen från popcorn. Ur hälsosynpunkt utgör inte micropopcorn i sig självt någon risk då stora mängder behövs konsumeras för att uppnå de få gränsvärden som finns för de detekterade ämnena. Konsumtion av micropopcorn kan dock anses som en bidragande källa till förhöjda halter av PFAS i mänskligt blod.

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This diploma thesis primarily deals with anglicisms in magazines Bravo, Cosmopolitan and Popcorn in 1994, 2004 and 2014 in terms of linguistic, journalistic and pragmatic point of view. The thesis is divided into two main parts: theoretical and analytical. The theoretical part provides an interpretation focusing on the issue of acceptance of English loanwords into the Czech language, their work with them, their eventual integration into the language and stylistic force in the Czech articles. Finally, it takes into account the pragmatic aspect of the texts. The analytical part presents and explains specific examples of anglicisms in the selected magazines, works with adapting processes, and also shows its pragmatic and journalistic functions. On the basis of particular examples from selected magazines, the aim of this thesis is to describe the role of anglicisms in the texts, the way they are treated in the texts, how they are changed in order to serve the journalistic purposes, and how they influence the final form of media content, respectively the whole language system.

This thesis is an exploration of the work I have completed during graduate study at UNO. My time has been spent investigating concepts of evaluation and the attribution of meaning. The main thrust and impetus of my art has been to explore the subjective way people interpret visual language and how that interpretation can be manipulated and undermined. By undoing these associations I hope to reveal the tentative nature of meaning.

Martin Scorsese expressed dissatisfaction stating that superhero movies lacks uniqueness and emotional and psychological depth. In his opinion, these movies depict spectacle rather than character. Scorsese is not alone in his view - this has been a general opinion among film critics for decades. Justin Wyatt examines the recipe for commercial success in his book High concept: Movies and marketing in Hollywood from 1994. Film theorist Kristin Thompson however, denounces the idea that High Concept or post-classicism changes structures in narrative. This thesis examines visual style and intertextuality in three films released in 2019: Avengers: Endgame, Hellboy and Joker. Are there similarities and/or differences in relation to Wyatt’s theories? All three movies use style and intertextuality to tell their stories and they all have excess scenes to please the audience visually. However, they still use classic Hollywood narrative with three acts and cause-and-effect storylines.

Heterogeneous computing is increasingly used in today's datacenters to meet the increasing computational demands of applications. Heterogeneous hardware typically includes CPUs, GPUs, ASICs, and FPGAs, among others. An important emerging trend is instructionset- architecture (ISA)-heterogeneity: high-end x86 servers with attached SmartNICs and SmartSSDs that incorporate general-purpose CPUs, typically of the RISC ISA family (e.g., ARM, RISC-V). To alleviate resource congestion on server computing nodes, application workloads can be scaled-out across server x86 CPUs and SmartNIC ARM CPUs using the distributed shared memory (DSM) abstraction. We present SNIC-DSM, a SmartNIC-based DSM infrastructure for heterogeneous ISA machines. SNIC-DSM implements a low-latency messaging layer, which enables inter-node communication across multi-ISA CPUs, and a DSM protocol processor that provides memory coherency among these nodes, both implemented in SmartNIC's FPGA logic. SNIC-DSM is reconfigurable and allows the implementation of different memory consistency protocols. Our experimental studies using compute-intensive benchmarks reveal that SNIC-DSM outperforms the state-of-the-art DSM - Popcorn Linux's software DSM - when server resource congestion is high. / Master of Science / The availability of heterogeneous computing architectures has led to the development of distributed shared memory systems, which allows compute-intensive applications to run in a distributed manner on different types of computing devices such as graphics processors, reconfigurable logic devices, and custom integrated circuits. Adopting such a heterogeneous computing strategy yields better performance and improves power consumption. Generally, these DSM systems use a software-based approach, which offers great flexibility but suffers from software overheads. Hardware-based approaches are used to overcome these limitations but they generally do not offer flexibility. This thesis presents, SNIC-DSM, which is a reconfigurable implementation of the DSM framework. SNIC-DSM provides a platform for the host and smart networking devices such as SmartNICs to communicate with each other and enables application execution in a distributed manner by providing memory coherency. Our experimental evaluation using High-Performance Computing benchmarks reveals that SNIC-DSM improves performance when compared with software-based DSM.

Due to the diminishing relevance of Moore's Law, traditional multi-core systems are increasingly struggling to meet the computational demands of many emerging workloads. Heterogeneous computing, which involves exploiting higher degrees of parallelism (e.g., GPUs) and application-specific specialization (e.g., FPGAs), is increasingly used to meet this demand. An important architectural trend in this space involves using instruction-set-architecture (ISA) heterogeneity. An exemplar case is emerging I/O devices that include CPU cores with ISAs (e.g., ARM, RISC-V) that differ from that of host CPUs (e.g., x86) and have physically discrete memory. Shared-memory programming of such systems requires the Dis- tributed Shared Memory (DSM) abstraction. Software DSM incurs significant OS overhead for maintaining memory coherency. Despite outperforming software predecessors, hardware DSM and cache-coherent interfaces require custom chips and lack the flexibility to experiment with different DSM consistency protocols. This thesis presents fDSM, an FPGA-accelerated DSM framework for ISA-heterogeneous hardware. fDSM implements a high-speed messaging layer to enable inter-node communication across ISA-different CPU cores and a DSM protocol processor that maintains virtual memory coherency using a multiple-reader single- writer DSM algorithm. Experimental studies reveal that fDSM outperforms prior art, including Popcorn Linux's software DSM abstraction, which uses TCP-IP and state-of-the-art Infiniband RDMA messaging layers by 2.8X and 7%, respectively. fDSM also provides reconfigurability and thereby allows implementation and experimentation of different memory consistency models. / Master of Science / Moore's Law predicts that the number of transistors in a chip will double approximately every two years. Chip vendors are increasingly observing that this law is nearing its limit when transistor sizes are shrunk to 5nm and 3nm due to power consumption and heat dissipation issues. As a result, innovation in new computing architectures has increasingly focused on heterogeneity, i.e., the use of hardware performance accelerators like graphic processors and reconfigurable logic used in confluence with a computer's CPU (host). To improve the programmability of these architectures, which usually have physically separate memory, the shared-memory programming model is usually used to provide coherent virtual memory. The shared memory model, when applied to such distributed systems, called distributed shared memory (or DSM), has been previously developed in software as well as in hardware. The former usually suffer from high latency overheads, while the latter often requires custom chips and lack programmability for implementing new memory consistency protocols. This thesis presents fDSM, a reconfigurable distributed shared memory framework that provides coherent shared memory between a host and a smart I/O device such as a SmartNIC. fDSM is implemented in FPGAs, which are increasingly available in hosts and Smart I/O devices at the commodity scale. Our prototype implementation uses ISA-heterogeneous hosts to emulate such an environment. Our experimental evaluation using applications from High- Performance Computing benchmark suites reveal that fDSM yields performance benefits over a state-of-the-art software DSM.

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Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-30T13:08:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ELVIRA BEZERRA PESSOA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2004..pdf: 25315444 bytes, checksum: 5be953c0f57dcad2cd5d4fb9e7795cdb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-30T13:08:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ELVIRA BEZERRA PESSOA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2004..pdf: 25315444 bytes, checksum: 5be953c0f57dcad2cd5d4fb9e7795cdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-04 / Dentre as pragas associadas às sementes e grãos armazenados no Brasil, o gorgulho, Sitophilus zeamais, destaca-se como um dos principais responsáveis na queda da produção, devido as perdas e danos provocado por este inseto praga. Com bases nessas considerações e dentro de um alinhamento ecológico, realizou-se o presente trabalho, objetivando avaliar a eficácia de sete extratos vegetais, com propriedades inseticidas, no controle do inseto na fase imatura (ovo) e a mortalidade do inseto adulto. Os extratos hidroálcoolicos foram obtidos pelo método de extração a frio por percolação. Os trabalhos foram realizados no Laboratório de Armazenamento e Processamento de Produtos Agrícolas do DEAg da UFCG e no Laboratório de Farmacotécnica (LF) do Departamento de Farmácia e Biologia do CCBS da UEPB, ambos sediados em Campina Grande, PB. Inicialmente, realizou-se a multiplicação do inseto a partir de exemplares coletados em grãos armazenados. Posteriormente, foram aplicados, pelo método do vapor, aos insetos adultos contidos em recipientes plásticos na dose estabelecida para cada tratamento (4, 8, 12 e 16 ml). Em uma segunda fase, selecionou-se os quatros melhores extratos e as duas doses que mataram os insetos adultos na primeira fase, os quais foram levados aos carunchos, previamente inoculados em uma massa de milho pipoca, pelo método do vapor e diretamente sobre as sementes, que depois de homogeneizadas eram secas a sombra por 24 horas. Em uma terceira etapa, testou-se os dois melhores extratos, aplicados diretamente sobre as sementes de milho pipoca, contendo ovos do S. zeamais, na dose de 16 ml, para a avaliação da eficácia dos mesmos sobre a emergência do inseto depois de 40 dias da instalação dos ensaios. Em um quarto experimento, avaliou-se o efeito desses mesmos extratos e dose, empregados na etapa anterior, sobre a eficácia dos mesmos no controle do S. zeamais e seus efeitos na germinação, teor de umidade e sementes infestadas. Tendo sido constatado, mediante os resultados de cada bioensaio, que os insetos adultos de Sitophilus zeamais são controlados igualmente com os extratos de Citrus cinensis (98,62%), Cymbopogon citratus (97,87%) e Nicotiana tabacum (96,50%), em todas as doses testadas e aplicadas pelo método do vapor. Os extratos de Nicotiana tabacum e Cymbopogon citratus, demonstraram ação ovicida, controlando esta fase imatura do gorgulho em 96,55 e 95,07%, respectivamente, e que a qualidade fisiológica da semente de milho pipoca não foi afetada pelos extratos, durante o período de armazenamento. / Among the pests associated with seeds and grains stored in Brazil, the weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, stands out as one of the main responsible in the fall of the production, due to the losses and damages caused by this insect pest. Based on these considerations and within an ecological alignment, the present work was carried out, aiming to evaluate the efficacy of seven plant extracts, with insecticidal properties, in the control of the insect in the immature phase (egg) and adult insect mortality. The hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained by the cold extraction method by percolation. The work was carried out at the Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products of the DEAg of the UFCG and in the Laboratory of Pharmacotechnics (LF) of the Department of Pharmacy and Biology of CCBS of UEPB, both based in Campina Grande, PB. Initially, the insect multiplication was performed from specimens collected in stored grains. Subsequently, they were applied by the steam method to adult insects contained in plastic containers at the dose established for each treatment (4, 8, 12 and 16 ml). In a second phase, the four best extracts were selected and the two doses that killed the adult insects in the first phase were selected, which were then fed to the weevils previously inoculated in a popcorn mass by the steam method and directly on the seeds , which after homogenates were dried in the shade for 24 hours. In a third step, the two best extracts were applied directly to the seeds of popcorn, containing eggs of S. zeamais, in the dose of 16 ml, for the evaluation of their efficacy on the emergence of the insect after 40 days of installation of the tests. In a fourth experiment, the effect of these same extracts and dose, employed in the previous stage, on the efficacy of the same in the control of S. zeamais and its effects on germination, moisture content and infested seeds were evaluated. It was observed that adult insects of Sitophilus zeamais are also controlled with extracts of Citrus cinensis (98.62%), Cymbopogon citratus (97.87%) and Nicotiana tabacum (96.50% ), at all doses tested and applied by the steam method. The extracts of Nicotiana tabacum and Cymbopogon citratus demonstrated ovicidal action, controlling this immature stage of the weevil in 96.55 and 95.07%, respectively, and that the physiological quality of the seed of popcorn corn was not affected by the extracts during the period of storage.

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram avaliar a ocorrência / persistência / degradação de resíduos do inseticida organofosforado pirimifós-metil em grãos de trigo, milho e milho pipoca e em alguns de seus produtos processados, bem como a ação residual desse inseticida sobre Sitophilus spp. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). O tratamento dos grãos foi realizado de modo a se obter a concentração teórica de 12 mg.kg-1 (ppm) de pirimifós-metil, tendo sido aplicados o equivalente a 5 litros de solução por tonelada de grãos. As amostras para estudos de resíduos foram tomadas aos zero, 15, 30, 60, 120 e 240 dias após o tratamento. O método analítico consta da extração dos resíduos com acetona, limpeza com partição acetonitrila/hexano seguida de coluna cromatográfica de sílica eluída com mistura de hexano+acetona (9/1, v/v). A determinação quantitativa foi feita por técnica de cromatografia em fase gasosa, usando-se cromatógrafo equipado com detector fotométrico de chama (GLC/FPD). Foram analisadas 264 amostras no total, sendo 72 de grãos cereais e 192 de seus produtos processados. Para os estudos de ação residual do inseticida sobre adultos de Sitophilus spp. os insetos foram submetidos a testes em exposição aos grãos tratados após 15 dias decorridos do tratamento, 30 dias após, e, subseqüentemente, em intervalos mensais até 12 meses. Os limites de quantificação dos resíduos pelo método de análise, para os diferentes substratos variaram de 0,05 a 0,1 mg.kg-1. Os resíduos de pirimifós-metil não foram persistentes nos grãos nem em seus produtos processados, decrescendo de 4-8 vezes no período de amostragem. Eles foram maiores nos produtos processados ricos em óleos (farelo de trigo e de milho), menores nos grãos (estes semelhantes às farinhas integral e branca, e pipoca) e, ainda menores, no pão, farinha de milho e canjica. O inseticida pirimifós-metil mostrou-se bastante eficiente no controle de Sitophilus spp., no tratamento dos três tipos de grãos cereais durante todo o período de observação. / The purposes of this study were to evaluate the occurence, persistence and degradation of pyrimiphos-methyl organophosphorus insecticide residues on wheat, corn and popcorn grains in and some of their processed products, as well the residual action of this insecticide for the control the Sitophilus spp. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Grain treatment was performed to obtain the theoretic concentration of 12 mg.Kg-1 (ppm) of pyrimiphos-methyl, which was applied at the dosage of 5 L of solution/ton of the grain. Sampling was performed at 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 days after the treatment. The samples were analyzed for residues of pyrimiphos-methyl using a residue method based on extraction with acetone, clean up by partition with acetonitrile/hexane followed by silica gel column chromatography eluted with a mixture of hexane + acetone (9:1) (v:v) solution. Residue determinations were done by the gas chromatography technique using a flame photometry detector (GLC/FPD). Total samples analyzed were 264, being 72 of cereal grains and 192 of processed products. The studies of residual action of the insecticide for the control of Sitophilus spp adults were conducted with adults and exposing the insects to treated grains 15 days after the application, 30 days, and subsequently at monthly intervals up to 12 months. The limits of quantitation of the analytical method for different substracts ranged between 0.05 to 0.1 mg.kg-1 (ppm). Pyrimiphos-methyl residues were not persistent on the grains and processed products. A decay of 4 to 8 times during the sampling period was observed. The residues found were higher in the processed products with high oil content (wheat and corn brans), lower on grains (similar to whole and white flours and popcorn) and even lower in bread, corn flour and "canjica". Pyrimiphos-methyl was very efficient for the control of Sitophilus spp on the three grain types during the entire period of observation.