This thesis aims to explain the role of media reports in the situation of wars and conflicts where the Ukrainian/Russian war will be the focus. Since the Ukrainian war has become the most global political debate worldwide because it has transferred from a national crisis to a geopolitical conflict, it becomes necessary to observe how different media has portrayed this war. It is a comparative desk study based on the discourse analysis method. The methodological framework is qualitative research because it seeks after a specific war by collecting and analysing different sources. The comparative research design gives depth answers to the four research questions identified. The discourse analysis method uses the collected news articles from two online newspapers, Al Jazeera and the Guardian. The first one is written in Arabic and the second one in English, giving a comprehensive view of the Ukrainian/Russian war. The selected news articles are limited to only the first week of the war because of the intensive reports presented by the media to understand the reason behind the war. The thesis uses abductive reasoning, while the securitization theory is used as the theoretical framework to highlight how the Ukrainian/Russian war has been securitized in different contexts. The results show that Al Jazeera and the Guardian have portrayed the war differently; the selected news articles from the Guardian have succeeded in a securitization process where it considered the Ukrainian/Russian war a threat to western security that has pushed the government leaders to security acts. On the other hand, the Arab media portrayed the Russian invasion as a security threat to Ukraine’s presence.

Denna studie syftade till att undersöka hur svenska kvällstidningar porträtterar manliga och kvinnliga våldsbrottsförövare. Vidare syftade studien till att undersöka mönster kring de svenska kvällstidningarnas språkbruk som appliceras när kvinnliga respektive manliga våldsbrottsförövare beskrivs. Data samlades in genom en strukturerad granskning av 114 nyhetsartiklar i Sveriges två största kvällstidningar. Därefter analyserades data genom en kvalitativ tematisk analys. Resultatet av studien visade att de svenska kvällstidningarna porträtterar kvinnliga och manliga våldsbrottsförövare på olika vis. Kvällstidningarna var mer benägna att använda ett mildare språkbruk och positivare begrepp när man beskrev kvinnliga förövare än när manliga förövare porträtterades. Slutsatserna av denna studie var att kvällstidningarna bidrar till att upprätthålla de könsnormer som råder i samhället, där män beskrivs som starka och försörjande medan kvinnor beskrivs som utsatta och omhändertagande, även när man beskriver personer som begått grova brott. Diskussionen förs kring vad dessa skillnader kan innebära ur ett kriminologiskt sammanhang. Bland annat angående hur kvällstidningar kan påverka samhällets uppfattningar om kvinnliga respektive manliga våldsbrottsförövare och vad denna porträttering kan medföra för konsekvenser i en kriminalpolitisk kontext / The purpose of this study is to highlight how the Swedish newspapers portray male and female violence offenders and to investigate the language used when describing and writing about male and female violence offenders. Data was gathered through a structured investigation of 114 articles from two of the biggest newspapers in Sweden. The method used was a qualitative theme analysis. The result of this study shows that Swedish newspapers portray male and female violence offenders differently. The Swedish newspapers were more likely to use a softer and more positive tone when describing female offenders compared to when describing male offenders. The conclusion of this study is that Swedish newspapers are entertaining the gender norms set by society, where men are commonly described as strong breadwinners and women described in terms of being vulnerable and caring, even when describing violence offenders. The discussion in this study revolves around the impact these differences can have from a criminology perspective. The study also discusses the potential impact and effect the newspapers can have on society’s understanding of female and male violence offenders

abstract: Since 1939, Batman has been a staple character of the comic book industry. He has been used throughout the last 80 years as a conduit through which to portray mental health content. This thesis analyzes how mental health content has changed in Batman comic books from 1939 to today. Based on existing research, I identified that mental health content has been present in Batman comic books for as long as they have existed. According to my research results, content can be traced back to the Golden Age of comic books (1939-1956), with a decrease in content in the Silver Age of comic books (1956-1970) due to the emergence of the Comics Code Authority. In the Bronze Age of comic books (1970-1986), mental health content reached its peak. In the Modern Age of comic books (1986-Present), content once again dropped, but not as low as in the Golden and Silver Ages. Identifying how mental health representation has changed since 1939 can help researchers to better understand how comic books can be used to communicate with readers. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Technical Communication 2020