Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:11:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Alice S Ferreira.pdf: 41877524 bytes, checksum: e264ffb06c58be493538c840ca4c76b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-05 / The research aims to trace a historical overview, critical and analytical about the posters nineteenth-century Paris and its importance for the development of visual communication in the same way as the poster-art study in Sao Paulo at the beginning of the century, locating them within call Urban Art, and reflecting on the effects of communication, that interfere with the contemporary visuality. Consequently, analysis of visual inheritance brought the beginning of the twentieth to the twenty-first century and its intersections. The research problem is to investigate the transit of visuality from modern to contemporary, from the object visualities poster and how these make up the urbanity of these periods. Secondly, if this is the question of how the sign represents a space of transgression and the hypothesis that it really opens up new possibilities for the development of visual languages. Finally, the main objective of the thesis attempts to reflect on the connections between objects from similar motives of urban representation and convergence between the arts and communications from the object poster. The corpus will consist of posters of the last two decades of the nineteenth century until about 1914, produced and exhibited in the city of Paris by the artists Jules Cheret, Mucha, Steinlen, L. Capiello, Grasset, Toulouse-Lautrec. As well as art posters, displayed in the city of Sao Paulo in the first decade of this century produced by anonymous designers within the scope of visual Art-Urbana. The methodology will be applied to research literature review and survey of the iconographic posters and photographic records of nineteenth-century art posters pasted in the city of São Paulo between 2009 and 2011. From this iconography is intended to compare the look of the cities of Paris and Sao Paulo. This study is supported in the conceptions of modernity, Walter Benjamin, historiographical references in graphic design in Art History and Urban in the frame of Peircean semiotic to trim the analysis of the object. The project, therefore, are relevant to the contemporary study of communication as it ponders the questions of the poster as an object of communication within the Belle Epoque and contemporary aesthetic and possible relationships between them / A pesquisa pretende traçar um panorama histórico, crítico e analítico a respeito dos cartazes oitocentistas parisienses e sua importância para o desenvolvimento da comunicação visual, assim como da mesma maneira estudar o pôster-arte em São Paulo neste início do século XXI, localizando-os dentro da chamada Arte Urbana, e refletindo sobre seus efeitos de comunicação, que interferem na visualidade contemporânea. Consequentemente, analisar as heranças trazidas da visualidade do começo do século XX para o século XXI e suas intersecções. O problema da pesquisa é investigar o trânsito da visualidade do moderno para o contemporâneo, a partir do objeto cartaz e como estas visualidades compõem a urbanidade desses períodos. Em segundo lugar, se faz presente a indagação de como o cartaz representa um espaço de transgressão e a hipótese de que ele realmente traz novas possibilidades para o desenvolvimento das linguagens visuais. Por fim, como principal objetivo a tese tenta refletir sobre as conexões entre os objetos a partir de motivos de representação urbana similares e as convergências entre as artes e as comunicações a partir do objeto cartaz. O corpus se constituirá por cartazes das duas últimas décadas do século XIX até mais ou menos 1914, produzidos e expostos na cidade de Paris pelos artistas Jules Cheret, Mucha, Steinlen, L. Capiello, Grasset e Toulouse-Lautrec. Bem como por pôsteres-arte, expostos na cidade de São Paulo na primeira década do século XXI produzidos por designers anônimos, dentro do âmbito da visualidade da Arte-Urbana. A metodologia aplicada à pesquisa será de revisão bibliográfica, bem como levantamento iconográfico dos cartazes oitocentistas e registros fotográficos dos pôsteres-arte colados na cidade de São Paulo entre 2009 e 2011. A partir dessa iconografia pretende-se comparar as visualidades das cidades de Paris e São Paulo. O presente estudo está amparado nas concepções de modernidade de Walter Benjamin, nas referências historiográficas do design gráfico, na História da Arte Urbana bem como no referencial da semiótica peirceana que aparará as análises do objeto. O projeto, portanto, se mostra relevante para o estudo contemporâneo das comunicações já que se propõe refletir sobre as questões do cartaz como objeto comunicacional dentro da Belle Époque e da contemporaneidade e as possíveis relações estéticas entre eles

Under det svenska 1960- och 1970-talet engagerade sig det svenska folket i en rad olika ideologiorienterade organisationer, internationella frågor eller folkrörelser, något som även tog sitt uttryck i kulturen. Mitt syfte med denna uppsats är att undersöka ett urval politiska affischer, utifrån Michael Baxandalls teori "The period eye", hur 1960- och 1970-talets konst påverkades av samtidens samhällstrukturer och politiska engagemang. Min tyngdpunkt kommer att ligga i de politiska affischer som på något sätt hade en anknytning till en alternativ rörelse, såsom Miljörörelsen, Kvinnorörelsen och Vietnamrörelsen. Men även den den svenska konstscenen i stort kommer att tillföras till undersökningen som en komplettering till förståelsen av affischernas uttryck och funktion, som ofta fabricerades utanför institutionella sammanhang. Dessa frågeställningar vill jag besvara med hjälp av den historiska bakgrunden och min analys: Vilka orsaker ligger bakom användandet av konstnärliga affischer vid spridningen av politisk propaganda? Det vill säga: Vilka faktorer gjorde att affischen användes flitigt som medium av de alternativa rörelserna istället för annan bildkonst? Hur kan den politiska andan från decennierna urskiljas konkret i affischerna? Hur skiljer sig affischkonsten från den mer institutionella konsten under dessa två decennier? Utifrån mina frågeställningar kommer jag att analysera tre politiska affischer genom att sätta in dem i ett historiskt perspektiv, vilket är deras samtid, 1960- och 1970-tal. Viktigt i det historiska perspektivet kommer att vara; de ekonomiska förutsättningarna, politikens uttryck i de olika sociala rörelserna, de internationella frågorna som präglade den svenska inrikespolitiken, synen på kulturarbetarnas politiska ansvar och konstnärens roll som politisk aktör.

The purpose of the thesis is to investigate how movie posters from 1999 portray the film's main characters. I will also investigate the design of the works and find out how effective the poster was for the audience at the cinema. The analysis describes and analyzes movie posters from American films. Four questions were asked to help the essay in reaching its purpose. How are the posters designed? How is the protagonist identified through visual elements in the posters? Is there a recurring theme in how the key art is presented? How effective is the poster for the audience at the cinema? By answering these questions, I intend to gain a greater understanding of the art of film and to contribute to the science of film and marketing.

This thesis examines the relationship between the three artists' workshops Røde Mor (Red Mother), Folkets Ateljé (The People's Studio) and GRAS, who worked between 1968 and 1975 in Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Røde Mor was from the outset an articulated Communist graphic workshop loosely organised around collective exhibitions. It developed into a highly productive and professionalised group of artists that made posters by commission for political and social movements. Its artists developed a familiar and popular artistic language characterised by imaginative realism and socialist imagery. Folkets Ateljé, which has never been studied before, was a close knit underground group which created quick and immediate responses to concurrent political issues. This group was founded on the example of Atelier Populaire in France and is strongly related to its practices. Within this comparative study it is the group that comes closest to collective practises around 1968 outside Scandinavia, namely the democratic assembly. The silkscreen workshop GRAS stemmed from the idea of economic and artistic freedom, although socially motivated and politically involved, the group never implemented any doctrine for participation. The aim of this transnational study is to reveal common denominators to the three groups' poster art as it was produced in connection with a Scandinavian experience of 1968. By ‘1968' it is meant the period from the late 1960s till the end of the 1970s. It examines the socio-political conditions under which the groups flourished and shows how these groups operated in conjunction with the political environment of 1968. The thesis explores the relationship between political movements and the collective art making process as it appeared in Scandinavia. To present a comprehensible picture of the impact of 1968 on these groups, their artworks, manifestos, and activities outside of the collective space have been discussed. The argument has presented itself that even though these groups had very similar ideological stances, their posters and techniques differ. This has impacted the artists involved to different degrees, yet made it possible to express the same political goals. It is suggested to be linked with the Scandinavian social democracies and common experience of the radicalisation that took place mostly in the aftermath of 1968 proper. By comparing these three groups' it has been uncovered that even with the same socio-political circumstances and ideological stance divergent styles did develop to embrace these issue.