No período de 1999 a 2004, um programa de prevenção de ataques de cães foi desenvolvido pela Empresa de Correios e Telégrafos, na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, devido à situação rotineira de risco a que eram expostos os funcionários da empresa que prestam serviços domiciliares. No período de 2000 a 2004, avaliou-se o impacto das medidas de prevenção de lesões produzidas por animais da espécie canina utilizando notificações elaboradas pelos carterios, registros e providências adotadas. A análise estatística paramétrica utilizou o programa SPSS 15.0 for Windows. O número de acidentes notificados na série histórica apresentou uma correlação positiva com as medianas. Quando comparado o ano de 2004 com o ano de 2000, houve o incremento de 48,65% das notificações de acidentes recebidas. O número de dias perdidos, devido aos acidentes notificados, apresentou decréscimo constante entre os anos de 2001 e 2004. A diminuição entre o ínicio da série e o final foi de 8%, embora a comparação dos anos de 2001, 2002 e 2003 com 2000 tenha apresentado aumentos de 28,01%, 20,37% e 8,66%, respectivamente. O Índice de Avaliação de Gravidade apresentou uma uma correlação positiva com as medianas, nos anos de 2000 a 2004. Quando comparados os anos de 2000 e 2004, a redução do IAG foi de 62,50%. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que (1) a utilização de informações de uso restrito às esferas administrativas e operacionais do trabalho permitiu a expanção de conhecimentos, a caracterização da propriedade dos dados coletados e a comprovação da qualidade da gestão que busca aperfeiçoamentos e inovações; (2) o estabelecimento de metodologia de distinção das causas externas de acidentes de trabalho permitiu a identificação de acidentes do trabalho produzidos por animais da espécie canina em carteiros evidenciando a magnitude dos danos e (3) a redução específica de acidentes produzidos por animais da espécie canina em carteiros comprovou a eficácia de medidas preventivas recomendadas. / During 1999 to 2006, the Post Offices and Telegraphs Company of the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo developed a prevention program for attacks of dogs, due to the usual risk situation displayed the company employees in domiciliary services. During 2000 to 2004, the impact of measures for injuries prevention caused by dogs was evaluated using notifications elaborated by postmen, registers and procedures adopted. The parametric statistics analysis used was the SPSS 15,0 a Windows software. The total of accidents registered in the historical series showed a positive correlation with the medians. There was an increase of 48.65% of the accidents notifications when it was compared the year 2004 with the year 2000. The number of work lost days due to the accidents presented a constant decline between the years of 2001 and 2004. The reduction between the beginning and the end series was of 8% although the comparison of the years 2001, 2002 and 2003 with 2000 has presented increases of 28.01%, 20.37% and 8.66%, respectively. The Index of Evaluation of Gravity (IEG) presented a positive correlation with the medians. When it is compared the years 2000 and 2004, the reduction of IEG was 62.50%. The results obtained has demonstrated that (1) the use of restricted information used by the administrative and operational work spheres allowed the knowledge expansion, the characterization of the harvested data property and the evidence of mangement quality that search for perfections and innovations, (2) the establishment of a methodology for distinction of the external occupational accidents causes allowed the identification of employment-related accidents produced by canine animal species in postmen, evidencing the damages magnitude and (3) the specific accidents reduction caused by dogs in postmen proved the effectiveness of the recommended prevention measures.

No período de 1999 a 2004, um programa de prevenção de ataques de cães foi desenvolvido pela Empresa de Correios e Telégrafos, na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, devido à situação rotineira de risco a que eram expostos os funcionários da empresa que prestam serviços domiciliares. No período de 2000 a 2004, avaliou-se o impacto das medidas de prevenção de lesões produzidas por animais da espécie canina utilizando notificações elaboradas pelos carterios, registros e providências adotadas. A análise estatística paramétrica utilizou o programa SPSS 15.0 for Windows. O número de acidentes notificados na série histórica apresentou uma correlação positiva com as medianas. Quando comparado o ano de 2004 com o ano de 2000, houve o incremento de 48,65% das notificações de acidentes recebidas. O número de dias perdidos, devido aos acidentes notificados, apresentou decréscimo constante entre os anos de 2001 e 2004. A diminuição entre o ínicio da série e o final foi de 8%, embora a comparação dos anos de 2001, 2002 e 2003 com 2000 tenha apresentado aumentos de 28,01%, 20,37% e 8,66%, respectivamente. O Índice de Avaliação de Gravidade apresentou uma uma correlação positiva com as medianas, nos anos de 2000 a 2004. Quando comparados os anos de 2000 e 2004, a redução do IAG foi de 62,50%. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que (1) a utilização de informações de uso restrito às esferas administrativas e operacionais do trabalho permitiu a expanção de conhecimentos, a caracterização da propriedade dos dados coletados e a comprovação da qualidade da gestão que busca aperfeiçoamentos e inovações; (2) o estabelecimento de metodologia de distinção das causas externas de acidentes de trabalho permitiu a identificação de acidentes do trabalho produzidos por animais da espécie canina em carteiros evidenciando a magnitude dos danos e (3) a redução específica de acidentes produzidos por animais da espécie canina em carteiros comprovou a eficácia de medidas preventivas recomendadas. / During 1999 to 2006, the Post Offices and Telegraphs Company of the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo developed a prevention program for attacks of dogs, due to the usual risk situation displayed the company employees in domiciliary services. During 2000 to 2004, the impact of measures for injuries prevention caused by dogs was evaluated using notifications elaborated by postmen, registers and procedures adopted. The parametric statistics analysis used was the SPSS 15,0 a Windows software. The total of accidents registered in the historical series showed a positive correlation with the medians. There was an increase of 48.65% of the accidents notifications when it was compared the year 2004 with the year 2000. The number of work lost days due to the accidents presented a constant decline between the years of 2001 and 2004. The reduction between the beginning and the end series was of 8% although the comparison of the years 2001, 2002 and 2003 with 2000 has presented increases of 28.01%, 20.37% and 8.66%, respectively. The Index of Evaluation of Gravity (IEG) presented a positive correlation with the medians. When it is compared the years 2000 and 2004, the reduction of IEG was 62.50%. The results obtained has demonstrated that (1) the use of restricted information used by the administrative and operational work spheres allowed the knowledge expansion, the characterization of the harvested data property and the evidence of mangement quality that search for perfections and innovations, (2) the establishment of a methodology for distinction of the external occupational accidents causes allowed the identification of employment-related accidents produced by canine animal species in postmen, evidencing the damages magnitude and (3) the specific accidents reduction caused by dogs in postmen proved the effectiveness of the recommended prevention measures.

This study appears to be one of few intervention studies with focus on eyestrain and lighting on non-computer workplaces. Previous studies have shown strong connections between eyestrain and musculoskeletal strain. The eyes “lead the body” and if the picture on the retina is unfocused the body adjusts the posture, trying to improve the image through changing the viewing distance. This can lead to an unnatural body posture which can contribute in the development of musculoskeletal disorders. A good visual environment with proper illuminance, good luminance contrast relationship, good uniformity value of the illuminance and no glare are the best conditions in order to function well at a visually demanding work. Sorting mail is a task that needs good visual ergonomics and can therefore be improved by a change in the visual environment. The overall purpose of this thesis is to investigate if a good visual environment have an impact on eyestrain, musculoskeletal strain, productivity, wellbeing, and work induced stress. This thesis is based on a literature review and a lighting intervention, with one part before the intervention and two follow-up parts, summer and winter. The results are based on objectively measurements; lighting, time studies, and optometric eye examinations, and two questionnaires. The first questionnaire concerned visual ergonomics and the second had a focus on wellbeing and experience of work related tasks. The postmen experienced the new lighting and labeling as improvement. A small decrease in the amount of eyestrain was present, and the younger postmen had a decrease of the musculoskeletal strain. The postmen with eyestrain got a small improvement of the sorting time. When the lighting was improved another factor that could cause strain appeared, the need for good correction in their glasses was identified as the main remaining factor that could cause the observed strain. / Report code: LiU-Tek-Lic-2008:8.

<p>This study appears to be one of few intervention studies with focus on eyestrain and lighting on non-computer workplaces. Previous studies have shown strong connections between eyestrain and musculoskeletal strain. The eyes “lead the body” and if the picture on the retina is unfocused the body adjusts the posture, trying to improve the image through changing the viewing distance. This can lead to an unnatural body posture which can contribute in the development of musculoskeletal disorders.</p><p>A good visual environment with proper illuminance, good luminance contrast relationship, good uniformity value of the illuminance and no glare are the best conditions in order to function well at a visually demanding work. Sorting mail is a task that needs good visual ergonomics and can therefore be improved by a change in the visual environment.</p><p>The overall purpose of this thesis is to investigate if a good visual environment have an impact on eyestrain, musculoskeletal strain, productivity, wellbeing, and work induced stress.</p><p>This thesis is based on a literature review and a lighting intervention, with one part before the intervention and two follow-up parts, summer and winter. The results are based on objectively measurements; lighting, time studies, and optometric eye examinations, and two questionnaires. The first questionnaire concerned visual ergonomics and the second had a focus on wellbeing and experience of work related tasks.</p><p>The postmen experienced the new lighting and labeling as improvement. A small decrease in the amount of eyestrain was present, and the younger postmen had a decrease of the musculoskeletal strain. The postmen with eyestrain got a small improvement of the sorting time. When the lighting was improved another factor that could cause strain appeared, the need for good correction in their glasses was identified as the main remaining factor that could cause the observed strain.</p> / Report code: LiU-Tek-Lic-2008:8.

Submitted by infopei ufba (infopei@ufba.br) on 2017-06-26T12:52:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO SAMUEL 31 03 2017 rev defesa 22-06-2017.pdf: 2515862 bytes, checksum: 3de92a507a0c0baa13b64cdb7681cfa6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Flávia Sousa (flaviabs@ufba.br) on 2017-06-28T14:22:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO SAMUEL 31 03 2017 rev defesa 22-06-2017.pdf: 2515862 bytes, checksum: 3de92a507a0c0baa13b64cdb7681cfa6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-28T14:22:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO SAMUEL 31 03 2017 rev defesa 22-06-2017.pdf: 2515862 bytes, checksum: 3de92a507a0c0baa13b64cdb7681cfa6 (MD5) / Atualmente devido ao crescimento tecnológico, e ao contexto da economia postal mundial ambientada em processos produtivos e com altas competitividades, ressaltamos nessa pesquisa a importância da relação entre o trabalho dos carteiros pedestres e a correlação com os altos índices de afastamento ao trabalho por motivo de saúde, na Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos, da Diretoria Regional de Alagoas. Esse estudo visa analisar a atividade de carteiro pedestre nos Centros de Distribuição Domiciliares nos municípios de Maceió e Arapiraca, adotando como abordagem metodológica pesquisa de campo através de análise quantitativa das condições físicas das unidades (ruído, temperatura e iluminância), bem como análise das licenças médicas e Comunicados de Acidentes de Trabalho – CAT, além de análises qualitativas do processo de trabalho dos carteiros (objetos entregues e carga transportada), a fim de compreender os motivos para absenteísmo nos correios. Diante disso, nessa pesquisa foram analisados 8 CDD – Centro de Distribuição Domiciliária, sendo 7 em Maceió e 1 em Arapiraca, Agreste do estado de Alagoas, e verificamos que o número de objetos triados, bem como a massa que os carteiros pedestres transportam objetos postais nos CDDs da ECT em Alagoas, são responsáveis em causar doenças classificadas com CID M00-M99, ou seja, doenças osteomusculares relacionadas ao trabalho. Apesar da existência de correlação entre a massa processada, o número de objetos triados e o absenteísmo, bem como a existência de significância estatística das mesmas com o número de afastamentos ao trabalho. Pode-se perceber que alguns CDDs mesmo não apresentando o maior número de objetos triados, ou maior quantidade de carga teve um alto número de afastamentos. Os dados mostram que os agentes de natureza física (ruído, temperatura e iluminância), presentes no ambiente de trabalho, não influenciaram no índice de absenteísmo, já os aspectos relacionados à ergonomia (mobiliário, pausas na execução das tarefas, orientações posturais, levantamento de carga) são potencialmente capazes de causar afastamentos. / Presently, due to the technological growth, and to the world postal economy set in productive processes and with high competitiveness, we emphasized in this research the relationship between pedestrian postmen’s work and the correlation with high rates of absence from work due to health reasons, in the Brazilian postal and telegraphy company, from the regional board of Alagoas. This study aims to analyze the pedestrian postman activity in the center of domicile distribution in the counties of Maceio and Arapiraca, using as an methodology approach a quantitative analysis of the physical conditions of the units ( noise, temperature and illuminance), as like medical leave analysis and work accidents reports, also the qualitative analysis of the postal worker’s work process (delivered objects and carried freight), in order understand the reasons to absenteeism in the post office. In this research, were analyzed 8 centers of domicile distribution, 7 in Maceio and 1 in Arapiraca, and we checked that the number of the sorted objects, and the masses that pedestrian postmen work in CDDs from ECT in Alagoas, are responsible for causing classified diseases like CID M00-M99, that means osteo muscular diseases related to work. Although the existence of the correlation between those characteristic, as well as the statistics significance, not necessarily the CDD that moved away even more, it was the one that obtained the biggest amount of sorted objects, or the greatest amount of charge. The data shows that the agents of physical nature (noise, temperature and illuminance) present in the work place, don’t influence in the number of absenteeism, but aspects related to ergonomics (furniture, pauses in tasks executions, postural guidelines, lifting load) are potentially capable of causing absences.