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Contribution au renvoi de tension et à la reconstitution du réseau. Estimation des flux rémanents dans un transformateur / Contribution to the power plant re-enegization and the network restoration. Estimation of residual flux in a transformerCezar, Vinicius Oiring de Castro 03 June 2015 (has links)
Lors de la réalimentation des auxiliaires d'une tranche nucléaire ou hydraulique, l'étape la plus à risque est la remise sous tension brusque du transformateur à cause des surtensions et courants d'appels générés. Ces phénomènes transitoires engendrent des effets très indésirables autant pour le réseau comme pour le transformateur (efforts électrodynamiques sous les bobinages, vibration du circuit magnétique, bruit et vieillissement prématuré du transformateur.) Le but de ces travaux de thèse est de proposer de nouvelles méthodologies permettant d'évaluer les paramètres mal connus (les valeurs des flux rémanents présents dans le circuit magnétique du transformateur avant sa mise sous tension). Face aux problèmes actuelles pour l'estimer (méthode non directe, dérive, imprécision de la mesure de la tension, etc.), deux nouvelles méthodes basées sur la magnétisation préalable du circuit magnétique (méthode de prefluxing) et sur la mesure des flux de fuites du circuit magnétique (méthode de mesure directe de flux par mesure de l’induction magnétique) sont proposées. / During the re-energization of the auxiliaries of a nuclear or hydraulic power plant, the most dangerous step is the re-energization of the power transformer, because of the temporary overvoltage and inrush currents. These transients phenomenon causes undesirable effects for both network and for the power transformer (electrodynamic forces over the windings, the magnetic circuit’s vibration, noise and the premature aging of the transformer). The goal of these thesis is to suggest new methodologies allowing us to evaluate unknown parameters (the residual flux’s values in the magnetic circuit before transformer’s energization). According to the latest problems in order to evaluate it (no direct method, derivation, voltage measurement error, etc) two new methods based on the previous magnetization of the magnetic circuit (prefluxing method) and on the leakage flux measurement of the magnetic circuit (direct measurement of the flux by measuring the magnetic induction method) are proposed.
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Coordination de GEDs pour la fourniture de services systèmes temps réel / Distributed Energy Resources coordination toward the supply of ancillary services in real-timeLebel, Gaspard 26 April 2016 (has links)
Les politiques entreprises dans le domaine de la production d’électricité pour lutter contre le changement climatique reposent communément sur le remplacement des moyens de production fossiles et centralisés par de nouveaux moyens de type renouvelables. Ces énergies renouvelables sont en grande partie distribuées dans les réseaux moyenne et basse tension et sont le plus souvent intermittentes (énergies éolienne et photovoltaïque principalement). Les gestionnaires de réseaux s’attentent à ce que ce changement de paradigme induise des difficultés conséquences dans leurs opérations. Les mondes de la recherche et de l’industrie se sont ainsi structurés depuis le milieu des années 2000 afin d’apporter une réponse aux problèmes anticipés. Cette réponse passe notamment par le déploiement de technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) dans les réseaux électriques, des centres de contrôle jusqu’au sein même des moyens de production distribués. C’est ce que l’on appelle le Smart Grid. Parmi le champ des possibles du Smart Grid, ces travaux de thèses se sont en particulier attachés à apporter une réponse aux enjeux de stabilité en fréquence du système électrique, mise en danger par la réduction anticipée de l’inertie des systèmes électriques et la raréfaction des moyens de fourniture de réserve primaire (FCR), auxquels incombent le maintien de la fréquence en temps réel. En vue de suppléer les moyens de fourniture de réserve conventionnels et centralisés, il a ainsi été élaboré un concept de coordination de charges électriques délestables distribuées, qui se déconnectent et se reconnectent de manière autonome sur le réseau au gré des variations de fréquence mesurées sur site. Ces modulations de puissance répondent à un schéma préétabli qui dépend de la consommation électrique effective de chacune des charges. Ces travaux ont été complétés d’une étude technico-économique visant à réutiliser cette infrastructure de coordination de charges délestables pour la fourniture de services systèmes ou de produits de gros complémentaires. Ce travail de thèse réalisée au sein des équipes innovation de Schneider Electric et du laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2Elab), est en lien avec les projets Européens EvolvDSO et Dream, financés dans le cadre du programme FP7 de la Commission Européenne. / Climate change mitigation policies in the power generation industry lead commonly on the replacement of bulk generation assets by Renewable Energy Resources (RES-E). Such RES-E are largely distributed among the medium and low voltage grids and most of them are intermittent like photovoltaic and wind power. System Operators expect that such new power system paradigm induces significant complications in their operations. The communities of research and industry started thus to structure themselves in the mid-2000s in order to respond to these coming issues, notably through the deployment of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in power systems assets, from the Network Operations Centers (NOCs) down to Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) units. This is the Smart Grid. Among the range of possibilities of the Smart Grid, this Ph.D work aims in priority to provide a solution to handle the issue of frequency stability of the power system that are endangered by the combined loss of inertia of the power system and the phasing-out of conventional assets which used to be in charge of the maintain of the frequency in real time through the supply of Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR). The concept developed lead on a process of coordinated modulation of the level of loads of DERs, whose evolve depending on the system frequency measured in real time on-site. The strategy of modulation of each DER follows a pattern which is determined at the scale of the portfolio of aggregation of the DER, depending on the effective level of load of the DER at normal frequency (i.e. 50Hz in Europe). This work is completed by a cost benefit analysis that assesses the opportunity of sharing of the previous infrastructure of coordinated modulation of DERs for the supply of ancillary services and wholesale products. This thesis conducted within Schneider Electric’s Innovation teams and Grenoble Electrical Engineering Laboratory (G2Elab) is linked with the European projects Dream and EvolvDSO, and funded under European Commission’s FP7 program.
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Ochrana obyvatelstva v zóně havarijního plánování v okolí jaderné elektrárny Temelín / Population protection in the emergency planning zone around the Nuclear Power Plant TemelínMARTINŮ, Pavlína January 2007 (has links)
This issue represents contribution to discussion of the population protection within the emergency planning zone of Temelín Nuclear Power Plant (NNP). My intention was to evaluate the actual system of public protection measures in the case of potential appearance of the radiation accident. As a part of this evaluation the analysis of correlation between emergency classification system of emergency events severity, valid for Temelín NPP, and system of immediate protective measures for population was done. The introductory parts of my work describes the basic information about Temelín Nuclear Power Plan. The main attention was given to nuclear safety, radiation protection, principles of emergency preparedness and types of NPP operating modes. Further system of public protection measures for the case of radiation accident appearance is described. Emergency classification system of potential extraordinary events at Temelín NPP and principles of announcements and public warning is also explained in this part. Part of this information represents description of potential implementation of immediate protective actions. One of the outputs is in the form of simple educational software program useful especially for children education. They can received information how to behave in the case of radiation accident declaration. Software is enclosed in the form of compact disk and gain knowledge can be verified by a short test.
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Décisions risquées et organisations à risques : autonomie au travail et reconnaissance sociale dans la conduite d’une industrie de process / Risky decisions in high-risk organizations : decision-making processes and autonomy at work in a process industryStoessel, Charles 17 September 2010 (has links)
La thèse s’intéresse au travail de conduite d’une industrie de process à risques,les centrales nucléaires, et aux marges de manoeuvre dont disposent les équipes dans l’application des procédures techniques. Celles-ci doivent en effet être adaptées aux situations rencontrées dans la réalité, qui sont toujours nouvelles et finalement uniques. En effet, la technologie concernée est si complexe que les situations ambiguës sont fréquentes. Les exploitants sont souvent confrontés à des décisions techniques qui cristallisent en elles la pluralité d’exigences auxquelles sont soumises les industries à risques : sûreté nucléaire, disponibilité et productivité, sécurité des travailleurs, respect de l’environnement, etc.Exploiter une centrale nucléaire implique donc d’arbitrer entre des exigences qui devraient en théorie être conciliables mais qui ne le sont pas en pratique, ou difficilement. En effet, chaque terme de la décision concrète comporte des avantages vis-à-vis de l’un des critères et des inconvénients vis-à-vis des autres critères en présence. Ainsi, décider revient toujours à renoncer, et la décision technique dans les organisations à risques implique une prise de risque professionnelle et personnelle pour les acteurs de terrain. La thèse s’interroge alors sur les facteurs qui participent de l’engagement des opérationnels dans l’action. Les théories utilitaristes et culturalistes ne parvenant pas à épuiser toute la complexité des cas rencontrés (implication d’agents pourtant peu carriéristes, disparités individuelles fortes au sein de groupes socio-professionnels supposés homogènes. . .), la recherche s’intéresse aux théories de la reconnaissance sociale et du don/contre-don comme explication première de la motivation et de la coopération au travail. / This doctoral dissertation describes the running of a high-risk process industry,nuclear power plants, and the operators’ autonomy to apply technical procedures.The chosen procedures must fit the "real-life" situations, which are always new, andultimately unique. Nuclear power technology is so complex that ambiguous situations often arise. The operators have to make technical decisions that encompassall the demanding issues of high-risk industries : nuclear safety, plant availabilityand generation output, workers’ safety, environmental protection, etc.Operating a nuclear power plant thus involves trade-offs between theoretically compatible concerns that in practice are incompatible or difficult to reconcile.Each option in the actual decision will have advantages for certain criteria anddisadvantages for others. Deciding thus always means forgoing something, andtechnical decision-making in high-risk organizations forces the field workers totake professional and personal risks. The dissertation thus examines the factors explaining why operators are still interested in getting involved in the action.Self-interest and cultural theories cannot explain all the cases encountered in thefield (workers with high commitment but paradoxically little interest in career advancement, strong differences between individuals in a supposedly homogenoussocio-professional groups, etc.). The research focuses on social recognition andgift/countergift theories as the primary explanation for motivation and cooperation at work.
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Mesure et discrimination de rayonnements bêta et gamma dans une ambiance gamma élevée et fluctuante : conception, développement et caractérisation d'un contaminamètre haute sensibilité / Measurement and discrimination of beta and gamma radiations in a high and fluctuating gamma environment : design, development and characterization of a high sensitivity contamination meterKarst, Maxime 13 December 2016 (has links)
Dans le cadre des activités de maintenance des centrales nucléaires, les personnes intervenant sur des chantiers en zone contrôlée doivent effectuer des mesures de contamination surfacique sur leurs outils, gants, sur tenue de travail et sur les parties de leur corps susceptible d’être contaminées (cou et tête par exemple). Or, les mesures de contamination surfacique bêta ne peuvent pas toujours être réalisées au plus près des chantiers. Le bruit de fond gamma présent à ces endroits étant élevé et fluctuant, ce dernier perturbe les appareils utilisés habituellement pour la mesure de contamination surfacique. L’objectif principal de ce travail était de concevoir un appareil de mesure adapté à la détection de contamination surfacique bêta de quelques Bq/cm2 (typiquement < 4 Bq/cm2), dans une ambiance gamma de quelques dizaines de µSv/h (typiquement < 100 µSv/h) et fluctuante (typiquement de l’ordre de 30% en 1 seconde). / In the framework of the nuclear power plants maintenance, the onsite workers incontrolled areas must performed some surface contamination controls of their tools, gloves, workingsuits and over their body parts which may be contaminated (neck and head for instance). However,surface beta contamination measurements can’t always been done as close as possible of the working location. The onsite ambient gamma background, being high and fluctuating, may disturb the radiation protection devices commonly used for surface contamination measurements.The main goal of this work was to conceive a radiation protection device adapted to the betasurface contamination of about a few Bq/cm2 (< 4Bq/cm2 typicaly) in a fluctuating (typicaly 30%variation per second) ambient gamma background of a few μSv/h (typicaly <100 μSv/h).
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Application of improved particle swarm optimization in economic dispatch of power systemsGninkeu Tchapda, Ghislain Yanick 06 1900 (has links)
Economic dispatch is an important optimization challenge in power systems. It helps to find the optimal output power of a number of generating units that satisfy the system load demand at the cheapest cost, considering equality and inequality constraints. Many nature inspired algorithms have been broadly applied to tackle it such as particle swarm optimization. In this dissertation, two improved particle swarm optimization techniques are proposed to solve economic dispatch problems. The first is a hybrid technique with Bat algorithm. Particle swarm optimization as the main optimizer integrates bat algorithm in order to boost its velocity and to adjust the improved solution. The second proposed approach is based on Cuckoo operations. Cuckoo search algorithm is a robust and powerful technique to solve optimization problems. The study investigates the effect of levy flight and random search operation in Cuckoo search in order to ameliorate the performance of the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The two improved particle swarm algorithms are firstly tested on a range of 10 standard benchmark functions and then applied to five different cases of economic dispatch problems comprising 6, 13, 15, 40 and 140 generating units. / Electrical and Mining Engineering / M. Tech. (Electrical Engineering)
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ČESKO-RAKOUSKÉ VZTAHY V LETECH 1999 - 2004: KAUZA JADERNÉ ELEKTRÁRNY TEMELÍN / Czech-Austrian relationship and the issue of Temelín nuclear power plantVÁLEK, Pavel January 2018 (has links)
The thesis deals with the perspective of the Austrian newspapers like Die Presse and Kurier on the Czech-Austrian relationship between years 1999 and 2004, or more precisely the issue of Temelín NPP. The main topics for the Austrian press became the approval of completion by the Czech government and of course the launch of Temelín NPP. Significant moments were the blockades and demonstrations of Austrian citizens at the Czech-Austrian border crossings, Austria's attempt to veto the accession negotiations between Czech Republic and EU or internal political struggle in the Austrian government.
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Conflito ambiental e cosmopolíticas na amazônia brasileira : a construção da Usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte em perspectivaFleury, Lorena Cândido January 2013 (has links)
Esta pesquisa analisa o conflito ambiental em torno da construção da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte, no Pará, Amazônia brasileira. Tal conflito iniciou-se em meados da década de 1980, quando, a partir do inventário de bacias hidrográficas realizado visando o planejamento energético brasileiro, foi apontado no Plano Nacional de Energia Elétrica 1987/2010 que o aproveitamento energético do rio Xingu constituiria o maior projeto nacional daquele século e início do próximo. Desde então, uma ampla rede, conectando grupos sociais diversos – indígenas, ribeirinhos, agricultores, autoridades políticas, ambientalistas, socioambientalistas, celebridades –, relatórios e pareceres técnicos, instituições governamentais, organizações da sociedade civil, a floresta amazônica e a bacia do Rio Xingu, é associada, de forma instável e controversa, disputando-se a realização ou não deste projeto. Ancorando-se nas abordagens teórico-epistemológicas propostas por Bhabha (2007), Latour (1994), De la Cadena (2010), Stengers (2007), Viveiros de Castro (2002) e Boltanski (2009), é elaborada uma proposição do conceito de conflito ambiental, o interpretando como uma categoria híbrida, com o objetivo de reforçar a sua carga cosmopolítica. Além disso, considera-se que os conflitos são parte crucial do encontro de perspectivas e estão no centro das relações sociais, isto é, o mundo é um espaço de conflitos, que depende de agenciamentos e do encontro entre pontos de vista. A partir de pesquisa de campo realizada em Belém, Santarém, Brasília, Altamira e Volta Grande do Xingu, no período de novembro de 2010 a agosto de 2011, utilizando-se de registros etnográficos, entrevistas, observações, diário de campo, fotografias e análise de documentos, discutem-se os movimentos de entrecaptura (STENGERS, 2003) em torno da obra, adotando-se a noção de rede sociotécnica tal qual definida por Bruno Latour (LATOUR, 2003). Apresenta-se assim uma cartografia dos agentes envolvidos, visando-se demonstrar como o natural e o social são coproduzidos no conflito, discutindo-se os processos pelos quais o conflito e sua dinâmica em torno de pontos de vista divergentes têm se configurado. Contudo, para além da cartografia dos sujeitos, considera-se que há no processo entrecapturas distintas, caracterizadas por restrições lógicas e sintáticas diferentes. Essas distinções ficam claras no que se refere ao controle do tempo. Portanto, é associada à discussão da rede sociotécnica a análise das disputas cosmopolíticas pela definição de “ambiente” e “desenvolvimento”, conceitos centrais nas contestações entre os grupos confrontantes. Em suma, a partir dessa análise pode-se concluir que o conflito em torno de Belo Monte é um conflito no qual fica evidente que há diferenças maiores entre os pontos de vista dos diferentes sujeitos do que os estudos de impacto ambiental e as políticas de desenvolvimento podem abarcar. Ao explicitar demandas que alargam as noções convencionais de ambiente e política, pode-se afirmar que é em termos cosmopolíticos que o conflito se expressa, criando a abertura para uma nova circunscrição do tolerável. / This research analyzes the environmental conflict regarding the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant in the Pará State, Brazilian Amazon. This conflict started in the mid-eighties, when the watersheds were inventoried with the intention of establishing energy plans for the country; the Plano Nacional de Energia Elétrica 1987/2010 (National Electrical Energy Plan 1987/2010) established that the energetic leveraging of the Xingu river would be the largest national project of that century and the beginning of the next one. Since then, a network spanning diverse social groups – indigenous groups, ribeirinho populations, agriculturists, political authorities, environmentalists, socio-environmentalists, celebrities –, reports and technical opinions, governmental institutions, civil society organizations, the Amazon rainforest and the Xingu river basin has been associated in an unstable and controversial manner, contesting whether or not this project should be implemented. Based on the theoretical and epistemological approaches proposed by Bhabha (2007), Latour (1994), De la Cadena (2010), Stengers (2007), Viveiros de Castro (2002) and Boltanski (2009), this thesis elaborates a proposition of the related environmental conflict concept, interpreting this conflict as a hybrid category with the intention of stressing its cosmopolitical importance. In addition, we consider that these conflicts are a critical part of the observed clash of perspectives and are at the center of social relationships; i. e., the world is a stage for conflicts that depend on the negotiation and on the confrontation of points of view. Based on field researches carried out in Belém, Santarém, Brasília, Altamira and Volta Grande do Xingu, from November 2010 to August 2011, using ethnographical records, interviews, observations, field diaries, pictures and document analysis, we discuss intercapturing dynamics (STENGERS, 2003) around the project, adopting the notion of sociotechnical network as defined by Bruno Latour (LATOUR, 2003). Thus, this work presents a mapping of the involved agents with the intention of demonstrating how natural and social factors are co-produced in this conflict, also discussing the processes through which the conflict and its dynamics concerning diverging points of view have been arranging themselves. However, beyond the mapping of the subjects, we consider that the process presents distinct intercapturing forces, characterized by different logical and syntactical constraints. These distinctions are very clear in regards to time control. Therefore, the analysis of cosmopolitical disputes is associated to the discussion of the sociotechnical network through the definition of “environment” and “development”, which are core concepts in the arguments between confronting groups. In summary, this analysis allows us to conclude that the conflicts surrounding Belo Monte evidence that the differences between the points of view of the different subjects are greater than those encompassed by environmental impact studies and development policies. By identifying and revealing demands that expand the conventional notions of environment and politics, we are able to assert that this conflict expresses itself in cosmopolitical terms, opening space for a new delimitation for what is tolerable.
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Činnost speciální záchranné skupiny Delta tým / Special operations of rescue group Delta teamHOMOLKA, Jiří January 2018 (has links)
The safety of nuclear power plants is still an important topic. Protection of nuclear power plants in Czech Republic is on top level, but there is still place for improving. After the Fukushima disaster Czech Republic responded among other things with creating of new security groups on its own nuclear power plants Temelín and Dukovany. It is rescue group Delta team, specialized in heights security of buildings and Search and Rescue in case of some emergency events. Objective of this Master thesis was preparation and evaluation of practice, where specialized activities of Delta team can be tested. In this case it was ability to give first aid and safe transport of a person from height to the ground using climbing techniques. Communication was added to these tested activities because it is important in every event. The practice was planned and after obtaining of needed permission it was realized on April 1st, 2018 on the nuclear power plant Temelín. The practice was evaluated afterwards, what made objective of this Master theses complete. There is research question in this work and it is if rescue group Delta team is prepared for emergency events related to rescue works in heights. It can be answered positively. Especially the part of practice with climbing operations was precise only with little complaints. This Master thesis serves as familiarization material with the rescue group Delta team, which operates on Czech nuclear power plants. It can give basic information for example for job applicants or for persons interested in nuclear power plant security. Prepared practice can be used repeatedly with other participants or for practice of Delta team on nuclear power plant Dukovany.
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Aplicação da manutenção centrada em confiabilidade (RCM) na otimização do programa de manutenção de centrais termonucleares / Application of reliability-centred mainteinance in optimization of the nuclear power plants preventive maintenance programQuintella, Luciano Confort [UNESP] 04 July 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-04 / A função manutenção vem sendo considerada como fator estratégico para as empresas, pois através do alinhamento de suas políticas corporativas e integração de seus programas de gestão de ativos, de riscos e de ciclo de vida de suas unidades de negócios, as empresas vêm buscando a constante redução de custos e a melhoria de seus resultados operacionais. E, assim, obtendo maior competitividade. A Manutenção Centrada em Confiabilidade (RCM) é um método já bem disseminado por todo o mundo e que, ao longo dos anos, vem promovendo estes diferenciais estratégicos através de preceitos que possibilitam a elaboração de Programas de Manutenção Preventiva de custo-eficaz, através de um método para a definição de políticas de manutenção mais adequadas, com o foco na manutenção da função dos ativos em seu contexto operacional. Ao longo dos anos, o método RCM vem sendo aplicado em inúmeros estudos de casos em diferentes empresas de diversos seguimentos, onde podem ser observadas novas adaptações ou simplificações do método RCM clássico. Estas adaptações buscam uma maior adequação as particularidades destas empresas e/ou um retorno mais rápido de resultados. O setor nuclear de geração de energia foi um dos pioneiros na adoção e disseminação do RCM, e vem desenvolvendo processos simplificados de aplicação do RCM, como o “Streamlinned RCM” e o “método PMO” (Otimização do Programa de Manutenção, do inglês: Preventive Maintenance Optimization). Estes estudos mostram que o método PMO apresenta uma maior flexibilidade, o que permite a adoção de diferentes estratégias de aplicação que, por sua vez, têm trazido resultados expressivos para as empresas, através da otimização dos Programas de Manutenção já existentes. Com base na literatura, neste trabalho são abordadas questões referentes ao RCM e sua contextualização na área nuclear, estudos sobre os métodos simplificados do RCM e o desenvolvimento do método PMO. Por fim, é realizada uma aplicação prática do método PMO sobre os sistemas relacionados e subsistemas do Sistema de Remoção de Calor Residual (JN), mais especificamente, sobre as Bombas de injeção de segurança do Sistema de Injeção de Alta Pressão (JND) da Usina Nuclear Angra 2. Através dos resultados obtidos com esta aplicação, pretende-se otimizar o Programa de Manutenção da Planta (PMP) referente a estes equipamentos e, assim, validar o método PMO como ferramenta para a melhoria contínua do Programa de Gestão de Ativos e Ciclo de Vida da Usina Nuclear Angra 2. / Corporations tend to consider maintenance work a strategic element. It is through maintenance—especially the alignment between corporate policies and integration of their programs to manage assets, risks, and life cycles of business units—that corporations try to continuously improve their results, reduce their operational costs, and, therefore, increase their competitiveness. Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) is a popular method across the world; it has been promoting competitiveness through concepts that allow the design of cost-effective Preventive Maintenance Programs These programs are effective because they entail appropriate maintenance policies that are focused on the preservation of the assets functions in their operational context and on the formation of technical knowledge basis supported by hard data. Throughout the years, RCM has been applied in numerous case studies and in different companies engaged in a variety of market segments. Such diversity in the application of RCM allowed us to observe new adaptations and variations of the classic method. Such adaptations aim to better respond to specific operational contexts in and within production units, as well as achieve faster results. The nuclear power sector has pioneered regarding the adoption and dissemination of RCM; it has been developing simplified versions of RCM, such as the “Streamlined RCM” and the PMO (Preventive Maintenance Optimization). These studies demonstrate that the PMO presents enhanced flexibility, which allows the adoption of different strategies; such enhanced flexibility brings expressive results to corporations as pre-existing maintenance programs are optimized. Based on the currently available literature, this dissertation addresses numerous questions regarding RCM and its application to nuclear power segments. It also addresses studies about simplified versions of RCM and the development of the PMO method. The discussion is supplemented with a practical application of the PMO method regarding auxiliary systems and sub-systems of Removal of Residual Heat System (JN), especially those regarding the security injection pumps of the High Pressure Injection System (JND) at Angra II Nuclear Plant. Through the results obtained from this application, it is possible to optimize the Maintenance Program of these equipments, and therefore, validate the PMO method as a tool of continuous improvement of the Assets and Life Cycle Program of Angra II.
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