Four experiments were conducted to evaluate guar meal as a source of prebiotic galactomannans for laying hens. In the 1st experiment, late phase laying hens were fed diets with 0, 5, 10% guar meal (GM) for 56 days or 15% GM for 28 days then switched to the 0% GM diet for the final 28 days. In the 2nd experiment, young pullets were fed guar germ (GG) or GM at 0, 2.5 or 5% for 20 weeks. In the 1st and 2nd experiments, egg production and feed consumption were not affected by feeding up to 5% guar by-products whereas feed efficiency was decreased by guar feeding. Feeding of GG or GM did not affect egg weight or shell quality, but decreased the egg yolk color and Haugh units. Guar increased absolute and relative liver weight, but did not affect the weights of the pancreas, spleen, or the incidence of fatty liver or liver hemorrhage. Feeding 10% GM depressed feed consumption and increased body weight loss. Feeding 15% GM severely depressed egg production followed by a recovery of production after returning to 0% GM feeding. In the 3rd and 4th experiments, late phase laying hens were induced to molt by feed withdrawal (FW) or feeding 15 or 20% GM with or without β-mannanase (Hemicell??). All hens except those fed 15% GM with enzyme obtained a complete cessation of lay in 10 days. Compared to FW birds, hens fed GM had lower body weight reduction and mortality, while hens fed 20% GM with enzyme had higher post-molt egg production. Salmonella enteritidis (SE) present in 6 organs (crop, liver, spleen, ovary, oviduct and cecum), and SE in cecal contents were significantly reduced by 20% GM feeding with and without enzyme. The results showed that GG or GM can be safely fed to laying hens up to 5% without adverse effects on performance. An alternative molting method employing 20% GM with or without β-mannanase is preferable to FW because GM feeding results in a complete molt and decreases mortality, as well as enhances the resistance to SE of molted hens.

The aim of this work is to collect, analyze and summarize information about prebiotics and probiotics using in producible dairy products in Lithuania, about features and quality of their consumption, production and labeling marking. Prebiotics and probiotics are mostly inserting into dairy products because it results their vitality. In process of this work was done written consumers quiz, sensual analysis of dairy products with prebiotics and probiotics, analysis of requests of labeling marking of those products according valid legislation. On purpose to find out if consumers have enough information about prebiotics and probiotics was preparing the questionnaire. During the poll it was aimed if consumers use products with prebiotics and probiotics. 50 Lithuanian residents were investigated. The data of the poll showed that consumers know about prebiotics and probiotics but not large amount of residents use those products. It is the reason of the deficit of information.-According valid legislation was done sensual analysis of yogurts: were evaluated sensual characteristics of yogurts and sensual descriptive- profiled analysis. Was formed the group of 5 estimators to valuate following characteristics: design, consistency, savour and smell. And was found out the average. During the sensual descriptive- profiled analysis consumers excluded 7 characteristics: sweetness, acidity, consistency, homogeneity, intensity of smell, intensity of savour, residual taste. The average of... [to full text]

1. Probiotinio Bactocell® preparato poveikyje bandymo pabaigoje paukščių svoris buvo 1% didesnis nei I kontrolinės grupės, o lesalų sąnaudos 1 kg priesvorio gauti buvo 4% mažesnės lyginant su I kontroline grupe; 2. Probiotinio Bactocell® + prebiotinio Agrimos® priedų poveikyje bandymo pabaigoje viščiukų broilerių svoris buvo 2% didesnis lyginant su I kontroline grupe, o lesalų sąnaudos 1 kg priesvorio gauti 3% mažesnės nei I kontrolinės grupės; 3. Preparatai Bactocell® ir Agrimos® paukščių išsaugojimui esminės įtakos neturėjo; 4. Preparatai Bactocell® ir Agrimos® liaukinio skrandžio (pars glandularis ventriculi), raumeninio skrandžio (pars muscularis ventriculi), dvylikapirštės žarnos (duodenum), aklųjų maišų (caecum), plonųjų žarnų paskutinio segmento (intestinum tenue), storosios žarnos (intestinum crassum) himusų pH esminės įtakos neturėjo; 5. Ženklus sausųjų medžiagų sumažėjimas iki 5,54% himusuose liaukinio skrandžio (pars glandularis ventriculi), raumeninio skrandžio (pars muscularis ventriculi), dvylikapirštės žarnos (duodenum), aklųjų maišų (caecum), plonųjų žarnų paskutinio segmento (intestinum tenue), storosios žarnos (intestinum crassum) nustatytas, naudojant preparatus Bactocell® + Agrimos® ; 6. Preparatų probiotinio Bactocell® ir probiotinio Bactocell® + prebiotinio Agrimos® poveikyje padidėjo– tiek bendra, tiek ir atskirų riebalų rūgščių koncentracija; 7. Naudojant probiotinį Bactocell® + prebiotinį Agrimos® preparatus amoniako kiekis viščiukų broilerių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The objectives of this work is the analysis of effect of probiotics Bactocell® and prebiotics Agrimos® on process digestive and on productivity of broiler chickens. 800 items of Cobb500 broiler chickens from 1 to 35 days of age were taken, for this research to be made. The birds were divided into 4 treatment groups. They were kept on deep litter, watered from stationary drinking - bowls. They were fed and allocated according to the recommendations of suppliers of broiler cross. Grown and slaughtered broilers were analyzed by evaluation of activity of fermentation, amount of dry substances, pH- level within the alimentary canal. Also, index of growth intensity, feed expenditures were registered. In addition, characteristics of meat of chicken legs and breast were examined on the background of sensual perception. After the research was undertaken, it was determined that after using probiotics Bactocell® and prebiotics Agrimos® the feed expenditure decreased by 1-2 %, whereas, the daily weight increased by 2 – 4 %. level. The influence on the pH- level within the alimentary canal wasn't significant; the level of ammonia and dry substances tended to decrease. Whereas, activity of fermentation was registered as increased. It was determined, the probiotics Bactocell® and prebiotics Agrimoss® treated seed meal hasn't any significant effect for the sensual perception of the meat.

The potential of lignin and mannanoligosaccharides (MOS), as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters was evaluated in broilers. Dietary treatments included: (1) negative control (CTL-, antibiotic free); (2) positive control (CTL+, 11 mg/kg virginiamycin); (3) MOS (diet 1 + Bio-Mos: 0.2% to 21 d and 0.1% thereafter); (4) LL (diet 1 + 1.25% Alcell lignin); (5) HL (diet 1 + 2.5% Alcell lignin). Bodyweight and feed conversion were not different when broilers were fed the CTL+, MOS, LL or HL diet. Birds fed MOS or LL had increased jejunum villi height (P < 0.05) and greater goblet cell number per villus (P < 0.05) when compared to those fed the CTL+ diet. MOS and LL increased (P < 0.05) the cecal populations of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria when compared to CTL+ fed birds. However, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria loads were lowest (P < 0.05) in birds fed the CTL+ or HL diet. Litter E. coli load was reduced (P < 0.05) when birds were fed MOS than when fed the CTL+ diet, but comparable to LL or HL fed birds. In birds challenged with pathogenic strains of E. coli (O2 and O88 serotypes) and fed the MOS or HL diet, the cecal population of total E. coli was lower (P < 0.05) than those fed the CTL+ diet; LL fed birds tended to have lower E. coli load than CTL+ fed birds. In summary, birds fed the MOS or LL diet had comparative advantage over CTL+ fed birds as evidenced by increased cecal populations of Lactobacilli and Bifdobacteria, increased villi height and greater goblet cell number in the jejunum, lower E. coli load in the litter, and lower cecal population of E. coli after an in vivo challenge with pathogenic strains of E. coli. Therefore, MOS and lignin could be regarded as natural alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production. / Key words. Antibiotics, mannanoligosaccharides, lignin, gut health, broilers.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Victoria University (Melbourne, Vic.), 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Dissertação composta por 2 artigos. / Capes / O soro lácteo é produzido pela indústria de laticínios durante a fabricação de queijos. Contém aproximadamente 80% da lactose original além de minerais, vitaminas, aminoácidos livres, peptídeos e outros compostos de baixo peso molecular. Porém, muitas indústrias ainda consideram o soro como um efluente, o qual quando não devidamente tratado gera um sério problema ambiental por causa de sua elevada carga orgânica. Estes fatores tornam importante o desenvolvimento de alternativas para um adequado aproveitamento do soro, porque ao mesmo tempo em que a transformação do soro em produtos diversos diminui o problema ambiental, proporciona ganhos às indústrias de laticínios, através do desenvolvimento de novos produtos. Uma técnica bastante vantajosa para reaproveitamento do soro é o processo de ultrafiltração, para a obtenção do concentrado proteico do soro do leite, um produto bastante valorizado na indústria alimentícia. Este processo gera outro coproduto, o permeado do soro do leite, que é rico em lactose, a qual pode ser convertida em lactulose, um prebiótico, capaz de ser metabolizado no intestino grosso por bactérias probióticas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal otimizar um método de síntese para a produção de lactulose a partir do permeado do soro de leite bovino. A metodologia de superfície de resposta foi utilizada para investigar o efeito de dois parâmetros (tempo e isomerizante) na isomerização da lactose do permeado de soro para a produção lactulose. A experimentação teve como objetivo definir as faixas ótimas de operação para as variáveis do processo, visando o melhor rendimento da lactose. Os resultados demonstraram que o fator isomerizante foi o mais significativo, e a utilização do ácido bórico para este fim contribuiu positivamente para aumentar o rendimento, enquanto que o efeito tempo não foi significativo, mas indicou que um aumento no tempo de reação influencia negativamente na resposta. A partir da pesquisa, verificou-se ser possível o processo de isomerização do permeado de soro de leite para a obtenção da lactulose, a qual tem uma grande aplicação na indústria alimentícia e farmacêutica, sendo também uma alternativa viável para a problemática do meio ambiente.

The basis for a successful cattle production is the proper care taking of pregnant cows as well as a sufficient care taking of the new-born calves. During the last years, a big attention has been given to this area because the higher farming quality the higher economic benefits and the lower losses in meat and milk yield will be respectively. For this reason, an influence of different feed supplements (Lactovita, Biopolym, Homeopathics) on haematological and biochemical parameters as well as an effect on weight gain and amounts of microorganisms in new-born calves has been studied. The specific aim of this thesis is to evaluate an influence of these supplements on incidences of diarrhea, microbial activity and to assess its effect on selected haematological and biochemical blood parameters. Three experimental and one control group (ten calves per each) were set up in the chosen company. The experimental groups had a modified feeding ratio between the first and the fourth week of life the calves received either colostrum + 5ml "PVB" homeopathic or colostrum + 5 ml "Biopolym" prebiotics or colostrum + 1 pill of "Lactovita", while the control group received colostrum without supplement. The first day after birth, a blood sample and a microbial smear sample were taken. Second sample collection was carried out in the fourth week of life. The calves were weighed every week. Obtained data were processed graphically and in tables and were statistically evaluated. The influence of mentioned feed additives on weight gain and diarrhea occurrence was evaluated from the obtained results. The most of haematological and biochemical parameters have approximately the same values compared to those found by other authors. There were no significant differences in monitored parameters in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, no influence was found on blood parameters. Only in case of zinc a significant difference was found between treated groups and control (p=0,0012). Changes between the treated groups (independently on control) were observed in haematocrit, total protein content, cholesterol, zinc and copper. Non-significant differences between the tested groups and control were found in haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, glycaemia, urea, LF, GMT, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. No impact of tested supplements was found on microbial composition. A positive effect of Lactovita, Biopolym and Homeopathic compared to the control group was found in case of weight gain. The obtained results show some positive trends which should be a subject for further research, where total amount of calves per groups is increased to reduce variability.

SILVA, Jonas Luiz Almada da. Síntese e secagem de suco de frutas tropicais e exóticas contendo oligossacarídeos: estudo do cajá, siriguela e jambo. 2013. 111 f. Tese (Doutorado em tecnologia de alimentos)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2013. / Submitted by Elineudson Ribeiro (elineudsonr@gmail.com) on 2016-07-07T19:14:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_tese_jlasilva.pdf: 11942559 bytes, checksum: 61c7b19131c7167a95077646ee7c67e7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by José Jairo Viana de Sousa (jairo@ufc.br) on 2016-07-21T20:26:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_tese_jlasilva.pdf: 11942559 bytes, checksum: 61c7b19131c7167a95077646ee7c67e7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-21T20:26:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_tese_jlasilva.pdf: 11942559 bytes, checksum: 61c7b19131c7167a95077646ee7c67e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / The aim of this work was produce yellow mombin, red mombin and malay apple juices with prebiotics oligosaccharides and, after, subject to spray drying process. The juices were analyzed and it was applied a factorial planning to purpose the better synthesis conditions. The juices were prepared and corrected its sugar concentration, and aftrer it was added the dextran-sucrase enzyme. The synthesis was realized for 4 hours. The enzyme was inactivated for pH decreasing until the juice original pH. A part of the juice was subjected to microbiologic stability and the other part was subject to spray drying, using maltodextrin like dryer adjuvant. The powder of the prebiotic juices synthesized was characterized by moisture, water activity, higroscopicity, water reconstitution, color and caking degree. Vitamin C and antioxidants was analyzed. The oligosaccharides resistance of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis was analyzed, as well as the bifidobacterium growth. In general the physico-chemistry results were good, like low moistures, higroscopicity and water activity, short time of water reconstitution, meanwhile the yellow mombin end malay apple juices showed high caking degree. It wasn’t find coliforms, but molds and yeasts were high. The vitamin C decreased during the synthesis, and the drying process interfered with antioxidant power. The prebiotics oligosaccharides obtained were resistant to acidity and the digestive enzymes, enabling the benefic bacterial multiplication. / O principal objetivo do trabalho foi realizar a síntese de oligossacarídeos pré-bióticos por via enzimática em sucos de cajá, jambo e siriguela e a secagem dos mesmos por spray drying. Para isso foram avaliadas as características dos sucos e aplicado um planejamento fatorial compósito central 22 a fim de selecionar a melhor condição de síntese. Os sucos foram preparados, corrigidas as concentrações de açúcares e adicionados da enzima dextrana-sacarase, sendo conduzida a síntese até o consumo total da sacarose. Após a inativação da enzima, por redução do pH até o valor original dos sucos, uma parte destes foi submetida a tratamento térmico brando e armazenamento sob refrigeração para que se pudesse avaliar a estabilidade microbiológica, sendo a outra parte submetida á secagem, utilizando maltodextrina como adjuvante. Os sucos pré-bióticos em pó obtidos foram caracterizados quanto à atividade de água, umidade, higroscopicidade, reconstituição em água, cor e grau de caking. Foram realizadas análises de vitamina C nos sucos recém-preparados e sintetizados, e atividade antioxidante nos sucos recém-preparados, sintetizados e reconstituídos. Os oligossacarídeos pré-bióticos sintetizados nos sucos foram avaliados quanto à resistência a hidrolises ácida e enzimática comportando-se de maneira positiva, além da capacidade de estimular o crescimento de bifidobactérias. Os sucos pré-bióticos em pó apresentaram, de uma maneira geral, boas características físico-químicas, tais como baixas umidades, higroscopicidades e atividades de água, curto tempo de reconstituição em água, embora os sucos de cajá e jambo apresentarem elevada tendência à aglomeração. Os sucos tratados termicamente apresentaram altas contagens em bolores e leveduras, entretanto, não foi detectada a presença de coliformes. Durante a síntese enzimática houve diminuição da concentração de vitamina C dos sucos enquanto que o processo de secagem interferiu no poder antioxidante dos mesmos. Os oligossacarídeos pré-bióticos obtidos apresentaram resistência à acidez e às enzimas digestivas, propiciando ainda a multiplicação de bactérias benéficas ao ser humano (bifidobactérias).

Healthy and well fed calves are the main prerequisite for high performances. The aim is to evaluate the concept of nutrition of calves and assess the dynamics of selected haematological and biochemical parameters of blood in the sample of agricultural holdings, depending on the influence of selected dietary supplements. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural cooperative Krásna hora nad Vltavou a.s. on the farm Perovice, where they breed Holstein cattle. There were three groups of calves - one control and two experimental. The test groups received dietary supplements to promote active immunity by the instruction. In the first group Lactovita dietary supplements, the latter group food supplement called Biopolym. The first blood sampling was performed from ages 5 to 7 days and a second collection has been made 3 weeks later. Findings and data analysis were summarized and evaluated. The experiment was conducted from August to November 2013.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-09-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:53:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 simoncini_vs_me_botib.pdf: 667182 bytes, checksum: 02774471f02be04fbff31c82acb30112 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) engloba uma série de doenças que afetam o trato intestinal, especialmente o cólon, sendo as principais a retocolite ulcerativa e a doença de Crohn, ambas com alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade, além de representarem um dos mais importantes fatores de risco para o câncer colorretal, que no Brasil é o quarto tipo de tumor com maior incidência de mortes. Inúmeros medicamentos são usados no controle e no tratamento destas doenças (aminosalicilatos, glicocorticóides, imunomoduladores e antibióticos), no entanto, todos apresentam sérios efeitos colaterais e são de custo extremamente elevado. Além da busca por novas drogas para o tratamento destas doenças ainda sem cura, uma importante estratégia preventiva e curativa se baseia no uso de prebióticos na dieta, os quais poderiam tanto melhorar as condições de vida do paciente como permitir por efeito sinérgico a redução das doses dos fármacos comumente utilizados nestas doenças e conseqüentemente de seus efeitos adversos e tóxicos. Com base nestas informações, o presente trabalho visou 1. Avaliar os efeitos preventivos da dieta enriquecida com banana verde (Banana „Nanica‟ Musa sp AAA) na colite ulcerativa experimental induzida por ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico em ratos; 2. Avaliar a influência do uso da dieta enriquecida com banana verde sobre a atividade antiinflamatória da prednisolona; 3. Comprovar se a dieta enriquecida com banana verde pode ser considerada um prebiótico. Através da realização deste estudo foi possível concluir que a administração da dieta enriquecida com a banana verde nas concentrações de 10% e 20% protege o cólon de ratos da colite experimental através de mecanismo que envolve a diminuição do estresse oxidativo evidenciado com a manutenção dos níveis de glutationa; além disso, a dieta enriquecida não aumenta a atividade... / The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) consists in two major diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract, specially the colon, ulcerative colitis and Crohn‟s disease, both with high mortality and morbity. These diseases represent a major risk for the development of colorectal cancer, which, in Brazil is correlated with a high mortality. Many drugs are used to control these illnesses but most of them present serious side effects and/or are very expensive. The search of new drugs is still a viable method to discovery different treatments for IBD however a new preventive and curative method can be the use of prebiotics. These prebiotics can improve the patients‟ life conditions and possibly permit the decrease of the drugs doses that are used and consequently side and toxics effects. In light of this, the aims of the present study was to evaluate the preventive effects of dietary supplementation with green banana (Banana „Nanica‟ Musa sp AAA) in experimental models of rat colitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS), evaluate the influence of the dietary supplementation in the dose of a corticoid (prednisolone) and then be able to analyze if the dietary supplementation can be considerate a prebiotic. Our results revealed that the ingestion of the dietary supplementation with green banana in 10% and 20% showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in the experimental model of rat colitis induced by TNBS. This activity was related with the reduction of the oxidative stress indicated with the maintenance of glutathione levels; besides, the anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone was not altered with the dietary supplementation and the anti inflammatory preventive effects of the dietary supplementation was not correlated with a prebiotic activity