Thesis (M.A.)--Rowan University, 2009. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

This paper asks: Are there characteristics of child care directors that are shared among those operating high quality programs? The researcher examines quality child care and the role of directors in the delivery of quality care. Child care directors occupy a pivotal position to influence the quality of child care through their training, their experience and their roles within the center. The literature suggests a link between child care directors and program quality and this study attempts to explore that link. The researcher has conducted a comparative study of the characteristics of 282 child care administrators in accredited and nonaccredited programs within Massachusetts. A profile of directors of quality programs was developed by surveying licensed and National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) accredited child care centers in Massachusetts (n = 159). The data was then screened through seven quality criteria derived from the literature in order to arrive at a 'filtered' profile of quality administrators. These profiles were matched against the directors of the nonaccredited child care programs (n = 123). A random sample of 31 directors and their centers from both groups (22 accredited, 9 nonaccredited) was examined to establish what level of quality was actually occurring. The Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (Harms & Clifford, 1980) and the Infant Toddler Environment Rating Scale (Harms, Cryer, & Clifford, 1990) was used to score overall center quality, and additionally data were collected while on-site. The study was able to establish that directors of the high quality early care and education programs had statistically distinct characteristics, but failed to predict quality by themselves. Additional comparisons created a revised grouping which was of similar quality to both of the NAEYC accredited groups. Additionally, NAEYC accredited child care centers were operating at a significantly higher quality than the nonaccredited programs in Massachusetts, with 92% of the classrooms (n = 75) operating at a developmentally appropriate level. The study found that 72% of the nonaccredited classrooms (n = 32) were developmentally appropriate. Overall quality was demonstrated at higher than expected levels. While the study was able to make definitive statements about the quality of child care in Massachusetts, it failed to make a conclusion about the directors and quality.

Om samverkan mellan förskola och skola / About cooperation between preschool and school

Thesis (Doctor of Public Administration)--University of La Verne, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-154).

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 48-02, page: . Advisers: Shreela Sharma; R. Sue Day. Includes bibliographical references.

This graduate thesis will focus on a subject of preschool or early childhood education, as well as education systems in the Czech Republic and South Korea. The legislative documents will take a crucial part in this text, for they provide a general frame of information included in education acts and decrees considering early childhood education. The introduction will comprise the worldwide history of early childhood education. Then, we will divert our focus onto the history of education of the countries mentioned above. After division of Korea, only amendment od South Korean education system will be a subject of research. The following chapters will explore both of the modern and conterporary legislation related to education system and early education of children in both states. Also, current affairs of these two countries will be mentioned and talked about. The Czech Republic is dealing with numerous subject matters, such as 2-year-old children enrollment. South Korean, too, has its own subjects to debate, such as longterm competition between public and private kindergartens. Objectivity in this thesis will be the cornerstone in comparing both education systems and preschool education. Subjective remarks will be attached in a form of a commentary. The reader of this text should acquire elementary...

The thesis is devoted to the issue of school readiness and its diagnosis. The aim was to compare the two tests used for the testing of school readiness and to assess whether the comparatively evaluate some aspects of school readiness. In the first chapter of the theoretical part the area of development of preschool children in describe. The second chapter is devoted to major changes in the legislation of our education. The next two chapters (third and fourth) are on school readiness, enrollment in elementary and diagnostics of school maturity. The last, fifth chapter of the theoretical part, deals with immaturity and unpreparedness for entry into school. In the practical part I focused on in-house testing and evaluation of tests used. For testing, I chose two tests used to evaluate school maturity. The results of the two tests I tried using statistical methods to determine whether these tests evaluate comparatively. Key words: school readiness, school preparedness, diagnostics of school readiness, child of preschool age, preschool education, postponement of school attendance, school immaturity

This thesis deals with diagnosing school readiness at enrollment for compulsory school attendance. The paper defines the terms of school readiness, school maturity, enrollment for compulsory school attendance, school attendance postponement and acceptance of the child younger than six years. Another part describes the enrolment process for compulsory education in primary schools in Českobudějovicko. Three goals have been set: how teachers of selected primary schools in Českobudějovicko diagnose school readiness during enrollment for compulsory school attendance, what is their experience with school start postponement and early school starts (before 6 years), and to see if elementary schools cooperate with kindergartens in enrollment for compulsory school attendance. To achieve the goals was used qualitative research, an interrogation method, semi-structured interview technique. Through interviews with selected teachers coming from nine primary schools these objectives have been met. Elementary schools use different methods for diagnosing school maturity, but in most cases they diagnose the child in the fields recommended by literature. They also cooperate with kindergartens in the enrolment process. Experience of their teachers with an additional postponement in enrolment, or with early enrolment...

Cette thèse examine le développement du langage des enfants sourds qui ont reçu un implant cochléaire (IC) en bas âge. Une première étude rapporte une revue systématique qui avait pour but d’évaluer les connaissances actuelles concernant le développement du vocabulaire et de la grammaire chez les enfants qui ont reçu un IC avant l’âge de trois ans. Vingt-huit études ont été sélectionnées; une analyse descriptive de même qu’une méta-analyse ont été effectuées séparément pour chaque aspect du langage évalué (vocabulaire et grammaire, aspect réceptif et expressif). Au résultat, en dépit de la variabilité observée dans les études, il appert que l’implant cochléaire influence positivement le développement langagier; toutefois, seule une minorité de participants aux études a atteint des niveaux de langage comparables à ceux d’enfants entendants de même âge chronologique. La majorité des enfants continuent de présenter divers degrés de retard de langage, tant au plan réceptif qu’expressif, et ce, après jusqu’à cinq années de port de l’appareil. Les résultats suggèrent aussi, malgré la variabilité observée dans les études, que les bénéfices langagiers sont influencés par le fait de recevoir l’implant à deux ans plutôt qu’à trois ans. À partir des tendances retrouvées dans la littérature, les habiletés de vocabulaire et de grammaire chez 27 enfants qui ont reçu l’implant cochléaire en bas âge (entre 8 et 28 mois) ont été comparées avec celles d’un groupe d’enfants entendants, en utilisant des outils d’évaluation standardisés. Alors que les résultats de groupe montrent que les enfants qui reçoivent un IC autour de l’âge de deux ans atteignent des niveaux de langage dans les limites de la normale, les résultats individuels d’un sous-groupe formé de enfants les plus âgés font état de quatre profils de développement, soit des niveaux de langage dans les limites de la normale pour l’ensemble des composantes, un retard généralisé à l’ensemble des composantes, des habiletés lexicales dans la norme assorti d’un retard morphosyntaxique et enfin un profil atypique montrant des disparités importantes à travers les composantes du langage. Dans trois des quatre profils, la compréhension des phrases était particulièrement faible. Ces résultats suggèrent que le fait de recevoir un implant cochléaire entre l’âge d’un et deux ans ne garantit pas l’atteinte de niveaux de langage dans les limites de la normale malgré une expérience de port de l’appareil d’une durée appréciable. Une étape antérieure du développement linguistique a été examinée de plus près dans la troisième étude. La taille et la composition du vocabulaire expressif de onze enfants ayant reçu un IC à un âge moyen de 15 mois ont été comparées à celles de l’échantillon d’enfants entendants ayant servi à établir les normes en français québécois pour le questionnaire Mots et énoncés des Inventaires MacArthur-Bates du développement de la communication (IMBDC). Les scores d’âge équivalent selon la taille totale du vocabulaire des enfants avec IC étaient supérieurs à l’âge auditif (correspondant à la durée de port de l’appareil) mais inférieurs à l’âge chronologique. La représentation grammaticale en fonction de la taille du vocabulaire des enfants avec IC suit la tendance observée dans la norme. Ces résultats suggèrent que le profil lexical des enfants avec implant est très similaire à celui des enfants entendants lorsque le nombre total de mots acquis est le même. Les résultats de cette thèse suggèrent que l’implant peut, de manière générale, avoir un effet « normalisant » sur le langage ; toutefois, il semble que l’amélioration de l’accès auditif ne suffise pas pour rattraper à coup sûr le niveau de langage des pairs entendants dans l’ensemble des composantes du langage. Alors que les habiletés lexicales se rapprochent du profil typique, les habiletés de compréhension morphosyntaxique sont fortement atteintes chez une majorité d’enfants, suggérant un profil apparenté à un trouble de langage. / This dissertation examines language development in children who received a cochlear implant (CI) at a young age. A systematic review studied the main outcomes reported in the literature concerning vocabulary and grammar development of profoundly deaf children who received a CI before the age of 3 years. A total of 28 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies varied widely in participant characteristics, assessment tools, study designs, and overall methodological quality. A descriptive synthesis and a meta-analysis were completed separately for each language domain (receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar). Results showed a positive impact of cochlear implantation on language development, but only a minority of children achieved language levels on par with their hearing age-mates. The majority of the children involved in the primary studies continued to exhibit varying levels of delay in receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar after up to 5 years of cochlear implant use. Results showed that the minority of children who achieved language levels on par with hearing children were likely to have received their implant by the age of two, thus suggesting that age at implantation influences language achievement. A second study examined receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar achievement of 27 French-speaking children who received a CI between the age of 8 and 28 months. Standardized measures were administered and the language levels attained by children with CIs were compared with those of the normative sample of same-age hearing peers for each measure. As a group, children exhibited language levels within normal limits on all standardized language measures. Examination of individual patterns in a subgroup of children revealed 4 different language profiles: a) normal language levels in all domains, b) general language delay, c) vocabulary within the norm with morphosyntactic delay, and d) an atypical profile (discrepancies across language domains). In three of these profiles, comprehension of sentences was impaired. Findings suggest that receiving a cochlear implant between the age of 1 and 2 years does not ensure that language abilities will be within normal limits after up to 6 years of experience with the implant. An earlier stage of formal language was examined in the third study. Vocabulary size and grammatical composition in 11 children who received their CI at a mean age of 15 months were compared to that of the Quebec French normative sample for the Words and Sentences questionnaire of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MBCDI). Results showed that age equivalent scores according to total vocabulary size were superior to hearing age (equivalent to the duration of device use) but inferior to chronological age. Distribution of grammatical categories according to vocabulary size followed the same pattern as in the normative sample. These results suggest that the lexical profile of children with implants was very similar to that of normally-hearing children who had the same number of words. Taken together, results of this dissertation suggest that the cochlear implant can have a “normalizing” effect on language. However, they also suggest that improved access to auditory input does not seem sufficient to allow children to attain language levels within normal limits in all components. Whereas early lexical abilities were comparable to typical development, receptive morphosyntactic abilities remain severely impaired in a majority of children.

Cette thèse examine le développement du langage des enfants sourds qui ont reçu un implant cochléaire (IC) en bas âge. Une première étude rapporte une revue systématique qui avait pour but d’évaluer les connaissances actuelles concernant le développement du vocabulaire et de la grammaire chez les enfants qui ont reçu un IC avant l’âge de trois ans. Vingt-huit études ont été sélectionnées; une analyse descriptive de même qu’une méta-analyse ont été effectuées séparément pour chaque aspect du langage évalué (vocabulaire et grammaire, aspect réceptif et expressif). Au résultat, en dépit de la variabilité observée dans les études, il appert que l’implant cochléaire influence positivement le développement langagier; toutefois, seule une minorité de participants aux études a atteint des niveaux de langage comparables à ceux d’enfants entendants de même âge chronologique. La majorité des enfants continuent de présenter divers degrés de retard de langage, tant au plan réceptif qu’expressif, et ce, après jusqu’à cinq années de port de l’appareil. Les résultats suggèrent aussi, malgré la variabilité observée dans les études, que les bénéfices langagiers sont influencés par le fait de recevoir l’implant à deux ans plutôt qu’à trois ans. À partir des tendances retrouvées dans la littérature, les habiletés de vocabulaire et de grammaire chez 27 enfants qui ont reçu l’implant cochléaire en bas âge (entre 8 et 28 mois) ont été comparées avec celles d’un groupe d’enfants entendants, en utilisant des outils d’évaluation standardisés. Alors que les résultats de groupe montrent que les enfants qui reçoivent un IC autour de l’âge de deux ans atteignent des niveaux de langage dans les limites de la normale, les résultats individuels d’un sous-groupe formé de enfants les plus âgés font état de quatre profils de développement, soit des niveaux de langage dans les limites de la normale pour l’ensemble des composantes, un retard généralisé à l’ensemble des composantes, des habiletés lexicales dans la norme assorti d’un retard morphosyntaxique et enfin un profil atypique montrant des disparités importantes à travers les composantes du langage. Dans trois des quatre profils, la compréhension des phrases était particulièrement faible. Ces résultats suggèrent que le fait de recevoir un implant cochléaire entre l’âge d’un et deux ans ne garantit pas l’atteinte de niveaux de langage dans les limites de la normale malgré une expérience de port de l’appareil d’une durée appréciable. Une étape antérieure du développement linguistique a été examinée de plus près dans la troisième étude. La taille et la composition du vocabulaire expressif de onze enfants ayant reçu un IC à un âge moyen de 15 mois ont été comparées à celles de l’échantillon d’enfants entendants ayant servi à établir les normes en français québécois pour le questionnaire Mots et énoncés des Inventaires MacArthur-Bates du développement de la communication (IMBDC). Les scores d’âge équivalent selon la taille totale du vocabulaire des enfants avec IC étaient supérieurs à l’âge auditif (correspondant à la durée de port de l’appareil) mais inférieurs à l’âge chronologique. La représentation grammaticale en fonction de la taille du vocabulaire des enfants avec IC suit la tendance observée dans la norme. Ces résultats suggèrent que le profil lexical des enfants avec implant est très similaire à celui des enfants entendants lorsque le nombre total de mots acquis est le même. Les résultats de cette thèse suggèrent que l’implant peut, de manière générale, avoir un effet « normalisant » sur le langage ; toutefois, il semble que l’amélioration de l’accès auditif ne suffise pas pour rattraper à coup sûr le niveau de langage des pairs entendants dans l’ensemble des composantes du langage. Alors que les habiletés lexicales se rapprochent du profil typique, les habiletés de compréhension morphosyntaxique sont fortement atteintes chez une majorité d’enfants, suggérant un profil apparenté à un trouble de langage. / This dissertation examines language development in children who received a cochlear implant (CI) at a young age. A systematic review studied the main outcomes reported in the literature concerning vocabulary and grammar development of profoundly deaf children who received a CI before the age of 3 years. A total of 28 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies varied widely in participant characteristics, assessment tools, study designs, and overall methodological quality. A descriptive synthesis and a meta-analysis were completed separately for each language domain (receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar). Results showed a positive impact of cochlear implantation on language development, but only a minority of children achieved language levels on par with their hearing age-mates. The majority of the children involved in the primary studies continued to exhibit varying levels of delay in receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar after up to 5 years of cochlear implant use. Results showed that the minority of children who achieved language levels on par with hearing children were likely to have received their implant by the age of two, thus suggesting that age at implantation influences language achievement. A second study examined receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar achievement of 27 French-speaking children who received a CI between the age of 8 and 28 months. Standardized measures were administered and the language levels attained by children with CIs were compared with those of the normative sample of same-age hearing peers for each measure. As a group, children exhibited language levels within normal limits on all standardized language measures. Examination of individual patterns in a subgroup of children revealed 4 different language profiles: a) normal language levels in all domains, b) general language delay, c) vocabulary within the norm with morphosyntactic delay, and d) an atypical profile (discrepancies across language domains). In three of these profiles, comprehension of sentences was impaired. Findings suggest that receiving a cochlear implant between the age of 1 and 2 years does not ensure that language abilities will be within normal limits after up to 6 years of experience with the implant. An earlier stage of formal language was examined in the third study. Vocabulary size and grammatical composition in 11 children who received their CI at a mean age of 15 months were compared to that of the Quebec French normative sample for the Words and Sentences questionnaire of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MBCDI). Results showed that age equivalent scores according to total vocabulary size were superior to hearing age (equivalent to the duration of device use) but inferior to chronological age. Distribution of grammatical categories according to vocabulary size followed the same pattern as in the normative sample. These results suggest that the lexical profile of children with implants was very similar to that of normally-hearing children who had the same number of words. Taken together, results of this dissertation suggest that the cochlear implant can have a “normalizing” effect on language. However, they also suggest that improved access to auditory input does not seem sufficient to allow children to attain language levels within normal limits in all components. Whereas early lexical abilities were comparable to typical development, receptive morphosyntactic abilities remain severely impaired in a majority of children.