The subject of this thesis is the institute of assets, one of the fundamental legal institutes of insolvency proceedings, which plays an absolutely crucial role in the process of solving the debtor's bankruptcy and the satisfaction of the debtor's creditors. The purpose of this thesis is not to cover the legal institute of assets in all its breadth, but to try to present the legislation on assets and important legal institutes related to it in the Insolvency Act in context of insolvency proceedings. Furthermore, this thesis works with the conclusions of the judicial practice of insolvency courts, presents thoughts on the current state of the Insolvency Act and defines certain areas, in which amendments to the Insolvency Act should occur in the future. This work is divided into nine chapters with regard to the legal provisions of the Insolvency Act governing the institute of assets. After a brief introduction the first chapter deals with the historical development of insolvency law, the Insolvency Act and the definition of assets. The second and third chapters are focused on the extent and content of the debtor's assets in insolvency proceedings, including related institutes of invalidity and ineffectiveness of legal actions. The fourth chapter defines the process of identifying assets and the rights...

The topic of this diploma thesis is domestic arbitration proceedings in the Czech Republic with a focus on the court setting aside an arbitral award. Following a short introduction to the history and presence of the arbitration proceedings in Bohemia in the Chapter 1, the thesis focuses mainly on court setting aside an arbitral award as regulated in Article 30 of Act. No. 216/1994 Coll., about arbitration proceedings and enforcement of arbitral awards, as amended, with respect to the order of the provision. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the reasons for setting aside an arbitral award on the basis of analysis of legal literature and judicial decisions. Because certain reasons for setting aside an arbitral award by the court reveal questions that are controversial, such controversial questions are introduced. The solutions and authoresses distinctive views to such questions are presented. After a brief introduction of court setting aside an arbitral award in the Chapter 2, attention is paid to the lack of arbitrability as a reason for setting aside an arbitral award. The distinction between objective and subjective arbitrability is made. The objective arbitrability, which shows the scope of subject matters that can be solved in arbitration proceedings, is discussed in a separate subchapter. The...

The aim of the thesis is to answer the questions regarding the subjects authorized to take a sound or audiovisual record, and to assess the legality of using such records as evidence in administrative proceedings. The thesis is formally divided into three chapters. The first one addresses the basic concepts emerging throughout the thesis, and the admissibility of other evidence not expressly mentioned by law. The second part of the thesis offers an insight to obtaining of sound and audiovisual records, and their further use as evidence pursuant to the basic human right documents. It describes and analyses the assessment of permissibility of such evidence that is applied by the European Court of Human Rights. The last chapter works with national legislation of both public and private law, and with the case law of domestic courts; from which it infers the subjects authorized to take these records, which may be used as evidence by an administrative authority. Based on the analysis of legislation and case-law, the thesis defines subjects authorized to obtain a sound or audiovisual record, and sets conditions for such obtaining. Simultaneously, it highlights the issues resulting from the current national legislation on obtaining sound or audiovisual records by selected public authorities, mostly...

The topic of this thesis is arbitration proceedings in the Czech Republic, which is nowadays the most significant alternative to the civil court proceedings. This thesis aims to give a summary of every fundamental institute of arbitration proceedings, with its detailed characteristics, including the comprehensive description of contemporary legislation. This thesis is divided into ten chapters, where the author describes individual institutes of arbitration proceedings in detail. The first chapter especially deals with the clarification of the concept of arbitration proceedings and presents its advantages and disadvantages. In this chapter the basic theoretical standpoints concerning the arbitration proceedings are described. In the next chapter the author deals with the issue of arbitrability in arbitration proceedings. Chapters three and four are focused on a description of various types of arbitration agreements including their content and cases where the agreements are void. Within these chapters requirements of the person of arbitrator including arbitrator's appointment are described. The following two chapters comprise a comprehensive description of contemporary legislation of arbitration proceedings, including characteristic procedural institutes. These chapters are also focused on any and...

Subject of this thesis is "Preparation of a hearing in the civil procedure". The term preparation of a hearing describes a set of procedures, which the presiding judge makes for better clarification of the judicial file and easier orientation in the specific case. Proper use of these proceedings should help to resolve the case during just a single hearing or in a short term. It leads to reducing the unnecessary costs and keeping the economical principle. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate if the proceedings really help to quicker resolution of the case. Systematically this thesis is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The thesis contains six chapters in overall, four of them belong to the theoretical part and two of them are focused practically. All of the chapters include subchapters, which are divided in sections. Theoretical part of the thesis focuses on valid Czech legislation relating to preparation of a hearing. In the practical part there is a comparison of Czech and foreign legislation and application of these legislations into practice. The aim of the first chapter is to outline the principle of the preparation of a hearing and its importance in civil procedure. The second chapter focuses on the principles of civil procedure which are related to the preparation of a hearing...

The Title of the Diploma Thesis The issues of the community property in insolvency proceedings, with the emphasis on the property and common discharge of debts. Resume: The aim of this thesis is to map the field of the issues of the community property in insolvency proceedings; both in case of solving the insolvency of the debtors through discharge of the debts and in case of the bankruptcy. These are very hot issues because the current legal regulations are insufficient in their reaction to the problems which appear in common practice. Another reason is the wide variety of these problems which the practice brings and which cannot be answered with the help of the law. I tried to point out some of them and in the second part of the thesis to propose some particular cases and their solutions. Regarding the contents of this thesis it is divided into two parts, namely theoretical and practical. The first part also contains in its introduction the evaluation of the current legal regulations and the amendments being prepared, in particular the amendment No. 64/2017 Coll., which will be effective since 1st July 2017 and brings a lot of essential changes. Further I focused on the terms community property (its formation, termination, object and potential modifications) and the term property (its securing and extent,...

This diploma thesis describes the main specifics of position of spouses in insolvency proceedings, which is recently more and more relevant, but there is a lot of application and interpretation ambiguilties, which are related with this topic. This problem is by degrees solved by case law. The content of the diploma thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, the author gives a brief description of the history of the insolvency proceedings. The author's attention is paid especially to the regulation, which preceded the force of the Act. No. 294/2013 Coll., which changes the Act No. 186/2006 Coll., on insolvency and its solution modes (Insolvency Act) and Act No. 312/2006 Coll., on insolvency administrators. The emphasis is placed on the three ways of discharge of debts, which were possible for spouses in that time. The second chapter, defines terms, that are closely related to the topic and are necessary for further treatise of insolvency proceedings. These are marriage, common property of the spouses, insolvency proceedings and its solution modes. The third and also the main chapter of the whole work is devoted to discharge of debts of spouses. It is a relatively new institute, which was regulated by the Act No. 294/2013 Coll., which changes the Act No. 186/2006 Coll., on insolvency...

Thesis title: Reorganization under Czech legal regulation Main goal of this diploma thesis is to describe and to analyze the applicable legal regulation of reorganization, contained in Act No. 182/2006 Coll., on insolvency and modes of its solutions. Reorganization, as governed today, represents one of the rescue modes of resolution of insolvency, suitable mainly for the mid-sized to large enterprises. Although even after meeting of all the conditions for its allowance by court, it cannot be understood as a solution for everybody, it represents an interesting alternative to the bankruptcy, leading to the winding-up of the particular company. The diploma thesis is divided into fourteen chapters in total. The first two chapters are dedicated to general issues, i.e. to the definition of the concept of the insolvency proceedings and of its legal regulation, as well as to the legal regulation of reorganization. The emphasis therein is given to the character and goal of the insolvency proceedings, with focus on the interpretation of the concept of "principally proportionate satisfaction of creditors" as one of the key concepts determining the main purpose of insolvency proceedings. Third chapter reflects the basic overview of the process of insolvency proceedings until the issuance of the court decision...

Dénommé par ses soins comme étant un « organe régulateur de l’activité des pouvoirs publics », le Conseil constitutionnel a été instauré par la Constitution du 4 octobre 1958 pour contrôler les activités du Parlement. En mettant un terme à la souveraineté parlementaire, le constituant a autorisé le Conseil constitutionnel à s’immiscer dans les règles de fonctionnement des chambres, limitant ainsi leur autonomie. Sans contrôler l’intégralité des activités des assemblées parlementaires, le Conseil constitutionnel est parvenu à imposer au Parlement un formalisme à la fois contraignant et efficace, qui se mesure aux nombreuses lois censurées pour méconnaissance des règles relatives à la procédure législative. L’intrusion du juge dans l’intimité des chambres a permis de réguler des aspects importants de la vie politique, le point d’achèvement étant constitué par la consécration des exigences de clarté et de sincérité des débats parlementaires, et ce, bien que le rôle du juge reste strictement délimité. Au surplus, ce contrôle paraît renforcé, en étant dorénavant voué à porter de nouveaux impératifs, à commencer par l’efficacité des procédures parlementaires / The constitutional council, established by the constitution of October 4th, 1958, defines itself as a “regulating organ of the activity of public authorities”. In that definition, the constitutional council clearly sets that it controls Parliament actions. Eventhough the constitutional judge as the power to exert a limited control over Parliament actions, the constitutional council found a way to encompass those actions into a disciplinary framework. The Constitutional council imposes a binding and effective formalism on Parliament proceedings. This formalism is a mean to regulate Parliament debates through a set of constitutional rules such as the clarity and sincerity in the debate. The constitutional control over Parliament tends to reinforce since it aims at promoting new objectives such as the efficiency of Parliamentary procedures

Magister Legum - LLM / By any standard, victim participation is a relatively new phenomenon in international criminal law proceedings. Incredible advances have been made in the effort to end impunity for crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide and, more recently, aggression. As a result, great strides have been made in ensuring the direct participation of victims of grave violations of human rights in court proceedings against their perpetrators. Prior to this, grave violations of human rights committed during conflicts or periods of mass violence were either largely ignored or even if action was taken, victims of the crimes hardly had a ‘say’ in the proceedings. With the advent of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) a new dawn in the proceedings of international criminal law has emerged. The statutes that govern the ICC and ECCC have given a voice to victims in court proceeding buy ensuring victims participation. Despite these advances, scholars have criticized victim participation for being inconsistent in its application at the International Criminal Court. The criticism has come from scholars who have highlighted the unintended consequences of victim participation in court proceedings, arguing that their participation has resulted in the under- or misrepresentation of the actual experience of survivors of war, mass violence, or repression. These problems have arisen largely because the need to establish the guilt or innocence of the accused and to protect their due process rights, to abide by the rules of evidence and procedure, and to conserve judicial resources all cut against victim-witnesses' ability to tell their stories at these tribunals thereby resulting in a limited, and sometimes inaccurate, record of victims' experience. Background: The idea that victims should be allowed to participate in international criminal proceedings stems from a broader movement over the last several decades advocating for restorative, as opposed to merely retributive justice. Proponents of this restorative justice movement maintain that “justice should not only address traditional retributive justice, i.e., punishment of the guilty, but should also provide a measure of restorative justice by, inter alia, allowing victims to participate in the proceedings and by providing compensation to victims for their injuries.” In other words, advocates of this movement believe that criminal justice mechanisms should serve the interests of victims, in addition to punishing wrongdoers, and that the participation of victims in criminal proceedings is an integral part of serving victims' interests. Although the concept of victim participation in criminal proceedings is not easily defined, it has been described as victims “being in control, having a say, being listened to, or being treated with dignity and respect.” Human rights activists supported the concept for several reasons. Many believed, as did victim advocates more generally, that participation in criminal proceedings has a number of potential restorative benefits, including the promotion of victims' “healing and rehabilitation.” Indeed, in its recommendations to the Preparatory Committee on the Establishment of the International Criminal Court (Preparatory Committee I), “participation is significant not only to protecting the rights of the victim at various stages of the proceeding, but also to advancing the process of healing from trauma and degradation.” Some believed that victim participation would bring the court “closer to the persons who have suffered atrocities” and thus increase the likelihood that victims would be satisfied that justice was done. set of recommendations on the ICC elements of crimes and rules of procedure and evidence, noted “the right of victims to participate in the proceedings was included in the Rome Statute to ensure that the process is as respectful and transparent as possible so that justice can be seen to be done . . .” Finally, and significantly for the purpose of this study, human rights activists thought that victim participation might help address the under- or misrepresentation of the experiences of victims. Research questions and objectives of the study: The question this research paper poses is whether victim participation has increased the visibility of the actual lived experience of survivors in the context of war, mass violence, or repression? Under the Rome Statute, victims of the world's most serious crimes were given unprecedented rights to participate in proceedings before the court. Nearly a decade later, a similar scheme was established to allow victims to participate as civil parties in the proceedings before the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, created with UN support to prosecute atrocities committed by leaders of the Khmer Rouge during the period of 1975 to 1979. Although there are some significant differences in how the schemes work at the ICC and ECCC, both courts allow victims to participate in criminal proceedings independent of their role as witnesses for either the prosecution or defence. In other words, both have victim participation schemes intended to give victims a voice in the proceedings. Have these new participation schemes before the ICC and ECCC, in fact, helped in satisfying the victims? What impact have they had on the ability of survivors of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide to tell their story and to talk about their experiences in their own words? In particular, has victim participation enabled more of them to tell their stories than would have been possible under the more traditional adversarial model employed by the ad hoc tribunals such as the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). Has it allowed them to expand the historical record produced by these tribunals with narratives that would otherwise have been left out because of prosecutorial or judicial decisions not to prosecute violations committed against them? Has it enabled victims to communicate a richer, more nuanced picture of their experiences than they were able to in the context of prior tribunals? The aim is to explore whether these novel victim participation schemes, as implemented by the ICC and ECCC thus far, have actually allowed for greater recognition of victims' voices and experiences than was possible in proceedings before their predecessor tribunals. Have these schemes actually allowed victims to communicate a fuller and more nuanced picture of their experiences than they would have been able to do as victim-witnesses before the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)? In other words, can the victim participation schemes at the ICC answer the call for increased visibility of the actual lived experience of survivors of human rights violations in the context of war, mass violence, or repression?.