Community sport policy is characterised as complex and multi-faceted partly due to the number of agencies involved. This thesis explores the community sport policy process in England, specifically the significance of the relationship between CSPs and NGBs in the community sport policy process. The four key objectives of this study are (i) to analyse the significance of the relationship between CSPs and NGBs with regard to the national community sport policy process; (ii) to analyse the significance of the relationship between CSPs and NGBs in local-level policy making and policy implementation; (iii) to identify CSP and NGB attitudes and perceptions toward the community sport policy process; and as the study focuses on the meso-level of analysis, (iv) to evaluate the explanatory value of selected meso-level theories of the policy process in developing a better understanding of the community sport policy process. This study uses a mixed method comprising a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Initially, a quantitative questionnaire was used to gather information regarding CSPs and NGBs and support the selection of CSP cases. From this CSP-based case studies were developed involving semi-structured interviews with CSP, NGB and local authority representatives. The study draws attention to the hierarchical nature of the community sport policy process, the implications for collaboration, the mediating role of CSPs in national and local policy settings, and the associated challenges that agents face in implementing community sport policy. The study emphasises the value of theoretical pluralism in analysing the community sport field, particularly the combined used of meso-level frameworks such as the Advocacy Coalition Framework and the Policy Networks Approach with micro-level considerations from implementation theory and the partnership literature. It concludes that empirically, it is only by giving policy agents a voice that we can develop a more accurate understanding of the policy process and that practically only by harnessing the commitment and energy of the grassroots can we step toward a more effective policy community.

The constant changes in governmental and customer requirements are forcing organizations to adapt in today’s dynamic market. Challenges such as international competition, increased cost pressure and efficient resource allocation are just a few examples of what organizations currently are facing. The need of managing business processes has become evident, as processes describes how well the organization is operating. Processes are no longer seen as just a tool, but as a way to visualize and standardize the organization in order to decrease variation and waste. With limited resources, ABB HVC has been working with business processes for over 20 years without any major influence since the competition has not required it. During the last three years the focus has shifted and business processes are now a hot topic. A stance has been taken and ABB HVC is now aiming to become a process-oriented organization. To become a process-oriented organization, ABB HVC needs a solid foundation built around processes. This project aims to satisfy a part of that foundation by designing a process for the technology department. As the technology department currently lacks a defined process, they cannot in a clear and visual way describe how they operate. Most of the time spent during this project, was focused on designing a functional process and to identify options for development. The research type of this project is a change focused research with an action research strategy. The selected approach is a design research methodology with qualitative data collection. In order to gather all the required information to complete the task, a literature review and an empirical analysis of ABB HVC were conducted. The result of this project was a process map describing the workflow and interactions of the technology department. An implementation plan, tools and suggested improvements have also been included in the report to provide the technology department with a strategy in how to continue the process work. / Ständiga förändringar och krav från myndigheter och kunder tvingar organisationer att anpassa sig till dagens dynamiska marknad. Utmaningar som internationell konkurrens, ökat kostnadstryckt och en effektiv resursfördelning är bara några exempel på vad organisationer för närvarande står inför. Behovet av att hantera affärsprocesser har blivit uppenbart eftersom processerna beskriver hur väl organisationen fungerar. Processer ses inte längre som bara ett verktyg, utan som ett sätt att visualisera och standardisera organisationen för att minska variation och slöseri. Med begränsade resurser har ABB HVC arbetat med affärsprocesser i över 20 år utan någon större påverkan för att konkurrensen inte har krävt det. Under de senaste tre åren har fokus skiftat och affärsprocesser är nu ett hett samtalsämne. En ställning har tagits och ABB HVC siktar nu på att bli en processorienterad organisation. För att bli en processorienterad organisation behöver ABB HVC en stabil grund uppbyggd kring processer. Detta projekt syftar till att tillfredsställa en del av denna grund genom att utforma en process för teknikavdelningen. Eftersom teknikavdelningen idag saknar en definierad process kan de inte tydligt beskriva hur de arbetar. Merparten av tiden spenderat under detta projekt var inriktad på att utforma en fungerande process och att identifiera alternativ för utveckling. Forskningstypen för detta projekt är en förändringsfokuserad forskning med en aktionsforskningsstrategi. Det valda tillvägagångssättet är att använda design research metodiken med kvalitativ datainsamling. För att samla in all den information som krävts för att slutföra uppgiften, har en litteraturstudie och en empirisk analys av ABB HVC utförts. Resultatet av detta projekt var en processkarta som beskriver arbetsflödet och interaktionerna för teknikavdelningen. En genomförandeplan, verktyg och förslag på förbättringar har också tagits med i rapporten för att ge teknikavdelningen en strategi för hur man ska fortsätta processarbetet.

The rising problems associated with construction such as decreasing quality and productivity, labour shortages, occupational safety, and inferior working conditions have opened the possibility of more revolutionary solutions within the industry. One prospective option is in the implementation of innovative technologies such as automation and robotics, which has the potential to improve the industry in terms of productivity, safety and quality. The construction work site could, theoretically, be contained in a safer environment, with more efficient execution of the work, greater consistency of the outcome and higher level of control over the production process. By identifying the barriers to construction automation and robotics implementation in construction, and investigating ways in which to overcome them, contributions could be made in terms of better understanding and facilitating, where relevant, greater use of these technologies in the construction industry so as to promote its efficiency. This research aims to ascertain and explain the barriers to construction automation and robotics implementation by exploring and establishing the relationship between characteristics of the construction industry and attributes of existing construction automation and robotics technologies to level of usage and implementation in three selected countries; Japan, Australia and Malaysia. These three countries were chosen as their construction industry characteristics provide contrast in terms of culture, gross domestic product, technology application, organisational structure and labour policies. This research uses a mixed method approach of gathering data, both quantitative and qualitative, by employing a questionnaire survey and an interview schedule; using a wide range of sample from management through to on-site users, working in a range of small (less than AUD0.2million) to large companies (more than AUD500million), and involved in a broad range of business types and construction sectors. Detailed quantitative (statistical) and qualitative (content) data analysis is performed to provide a set of descriptions, relationships, and differences. The statistical tests selected for use include cross-tabulations, bivariate and multivariate analysis for investigating possible relationships between variables; and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U test of independent samples for hypothesis testing and inferring the research sample to the construction industry population. Findings and conclusions arising from the research work which include the ranking schemes produced for four key areas of, the construction attributes on level of usage; barrier variables; differing levels of usage between countries; and future trends, have established a number of potential areas that could impact the level of implementation both globally and for individual countries.

Social exclusion was a defining issue for the New Labour Government when it came to power in 1997. The collaboration between sport and welfare policymakers created a favourable environment for the development of new sports projects. This thesis provides an analysis of the role of selected football projects in delivering this type of sports-based programme for young people living in deprived areas. The three objectives of this research are firstly, to provide an analysis of the national policy context between 1997 to 2014, secondly, to review the literature on policy-making and policy implementation and to identify suitable frameworks and concepts to facilitate analysis and thirdly, to provide a longitudinal analysis of three selected football projects located in areas of deprivation. This study uses a mixed method approach comprising semi-structured interviews and documentary evidence. From this, three case studies were developed using a thematic approach and analysed using a combination of multiple streams and implementation theory. The study identifies the many similarities shared by all three projects at their inception, reflecting the political priorities for tackling social exclusion through sport which was reinforced by adopting a top-down approach to project implementation. However, national political priorities changed as the New Labour Government approached the end of its term in office, and two of the three projects struggled to adapt to these changes. Nevertheless, the third project, supported by its host agency, did adapt to the changes in the political stream and maintained its original commitment to using football to address social exclusion. The study concludes that the success of the third project to adapt can be attributed to the nature of the project s host agency with its own continued commitment to social exclusion, its focus on football, its ability to retain the original project staff, its strength in fostering partnerships and in securing project funding. These factors ensured that this third football project was able to deliver sports programmes to its young people living in an area of high deprivation whilst also fulfilling its social objectives.

Introduction. The implementation of CRM systems for small companies have not been widely explored by previous literatures, giving me the opportunity to research the system implementation process of Company X. The purpose of this research is to understand how to process implementation of a CRM system within the frame of a small company. Theoretical Framework. The theoretical framework encompasses the concepts of CRM and previous theories on implementation processes: one focusing on business implementation of CRM (Chalmeta, 2006), and another focusing on the IS implementation of CRM (Cooper and Zmud, 1990). The literature represents a ground to understand the implementation process of Company X. Methodology. The paper is an action research, a relevant research design to the implementation process of Company X in real-world settings. The sampling is 1. project documents from the CRM projects implementation, implicating technical records from Company X, and 2. an interview with a key actor of Company X implementation process. Empirical findings. The results showcased different themes and subthemes that arose in the system implementation process of Company X which are correlated in the analysis to previous theories. Analysis. The analysis of this action research explores the question of Company X's implementation stages. Because CRM is a multidisciplinary subject, grouping technology, people and processes creates a systematic perspective over Company X’s results with 2 theories: one emphasizing a business implementation perspective (Chalmeta, 2006), and one information system implementation perspective (Cooper and Zmud, 1990). Conclusion. The implementation process was executed, having a large scope grouping 3 themes: problem discussion, implementation, and management of change (Chalmeta, 2006). These 3 themes revealed implementation stages such as initiation, adoption, adaptation, acceptance, routinization, and infusion (Cooper and Zmud, 1990). The implementation process approached different factors in Company X: user, organization, task, and technology.

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The purpose of this study is to create an understanding of what potential social impacts (both positive and negative) the concept of P&F will have and could have if an implementation of the process would be done. Interviews are mainly used for providing input to the method S-LCA (Social Life Cycle Assessment) and by that fulfil the purpose. Two questions will be addressed: What are the potential social impacts of the P&F concept on the stakeholders: worker, value chain actors, local community, and society, if integrated into an already existing pulp mill? What are the differences in terms of social impacts between the first and second generation of biofuels? Two methods are used to fulfil the purpose and to answer the related questions. First method is S-LCA as mentioned above. Second method is thematic analysis, where data from interviews is transformed into codes, then quantified and lastly divided into themes. The two mentioned methods work in parallel with each other. The result from thematic analysis shows that subcategories with high social impacts are, technology development, health and safety and contribution to economic development, mainly due to new equipment, job creations and technology. The results from the reference scales show an overall positive score, which means a positive social effect on a potential implementation of the P&F. It was noted that the sustainable future of the concept is strongly connected with positive social impacts like technological development and costs for investments in new equipment on an industrial scale. Several factors are important to consider when assessing an implementation of a process like P&F, and further focus should be put on assessing the negative subcategory health and safety related to a potential new fuel. For this to be possible, there is a necessity to further develop the S-LCA methodology. As the S-LCA to a larger part measures the potential negative impacts, one challenge will be to develop the methodology for the assessment of potential positive social impacts. The S-LCA is an ongoing developing process, where contributions from applying, demonstrating, and sharing findings play a significant role for future research. / Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en förståelse för vilka potentiella sociala effekter (både positiva och negativa) begreppet P&F kommer att ha och skulle kunna ha om en implementering av processen skulle göras. Intervjuer används främst för att ge input till metoden S-LCA (Social Life Cycle Assessment) och därmed uppfylla syftet. Två frågor kommer att behandlas: Vilka är de potentiella sociala effekterna av P&F-konceptet på intressenterna: arbetstagare, aktörer i värdekedjan, lokalsamhället och samhället, om de integreras i en redan befintlig massafabrik? Vilka är skillnaderna när det gäller sociala effekter mellan första och andra generationens biodrivmedel? Två metoder används för att uppfylla syftet och för att besvara de relaterade frågorna. Första metoden är S-LCA som nämnts ovan. Den andra metoden är tematisk analys, där data från intervjuer omvandlas till koder, sedan kvantifieras och slutligen delas in i teman. De två nämnda metoderna fungerar parallellt med varandra. Resultatet från den tematiska analysen visar att underkategorier med stor social påverkan är, teknikutveckling, hälsa och säkerhet och bidrag till ekonomisk utveckling, främst på grund av ny utrustning, jobbskapande och teknik. Resultaten från referensskalorna visar en övergripande positiv poäng, vilket innebär en positiv social effekt på en potentiell implementering av P&F. Det noterades att konceptets hållbara framtid är starkt kopplad till positiva sociala effekter som teknisk utveckling och kostnader för investeringar i ny utrustning i industriell skala. Flera faktorer är viktiga att ta hänsyn till när man bedömer ett genomförande av en process som P&F, och ytterligare fokus bör läggas på att bedöma den negativa underkategorin hälsa och säkerhet i samband med ett potentiellt nytt bränsle. För att detta ska vara möjligt är det nödvändigt att vidareutveckla S-LCA-metoden. Eftersom S-LCA till en större del mäter de potentiella negativa effekterna blir en utmaning att utveckla metoden för bedömning av potentiella positiva sociala effekter. S-LCA är en pågående utvecklingsprocess, där bidrag från att tillämpa, demonstrera och dela resultat spelar en viktig roll för framtida forskning.

The thesis examines the process of implementation of an accredited study program into practice. The theoretical part provides a brief excursion into the history of teacher education, which highlights the difficult journey in search of a suitable model of teacher education. The formation processes of teacher education are characterized by constant changes, which were not always properly thought out. These tendencies unfortunately do continue to the present day. Currently, the Czech education policy is largely influenced by European educational policy, which is aiming at unification. One of the unifying elements is the accreditation process, which should improve the quality of the study programs offered by European universities. Question is whether such standardization process leads to the improvement of teacher education or not, which is discussed in the second part of my theses where. I examined how two university departments implement Accreditation-Commission-approved program of study in practice. Based on the collected data I can state that the accreditation documents give the schools a framework, but the actual implementation depends largely on the strength of the management of the department and modus operandi of the individual members of the department. Interviews with staff departments also...

[pt] Esta dissertação tem como finalidade apresentar propostas de processos que apoiam processos de tomadas de decisão atinentes à gestão da atividade de transporte realizada pelo Estabelecimento Central de Transportes (ECT). O estudo permitiu uma identificação precisa do cenário e da situação em que se encontra o ECT, para o cumprimento das operações de transporte impostas pela Base de Apoio Logístico do Exército (Ba Ap Log Ex). Sendo assim, o estudo proposto por meio desta dissertação enfatiza a necessidade de avaliação das atividades desenvolvidase sugere a implementação dos processos de integração das seções, seleção de pessoal, seleção do agente suprido, pagamento de diária ou gratificação de representação e processo de alocação do veículo à carga, que permitirão elevar o nível da gestão das operações logísticas.A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em consonância com as boas práticas transcritas em trabalhos científicos e em diretrizes presentes em leis e regulamentações destinadas à gestão de transporte no âmbito da Força Terrestre. A dissertação não apresenta estudos relacionados à mensuração dos custos envolvidos na gestão do serviço de transporte. Como instrumentos de pesquisas foram utilizados Matriz SWOT, 5W2H, Análises Pós Ação (APA), Diagrama de Causa e Efeito, entrevistas com os gestores, análise documental e o ciclo PDCA nos processos de gestão de transporte. / [en] This dissertation aims to present proposals for processes that support decision-making processes related to the management of the transportation activity carried out by the Estabelecimento Central de Transportes (ECT). The study allowed a precise identification of the scenario and the situation in which the ECT is located, in order to comply with the transport operations imposed by the Base de Apoio Logístico do Exército (Ba Ap Log Ex). Thus, the study proposed through this dissertation emphasizes the need to evaluate the activities developed and suggests the implementation of the processes of integration of the sections, selection of personnel, selection of agent supplied, daily payment or representation bonus and allocation process of the the level of management of logistics operations. The research was developed in line with good practices transcribed in scientific work and in guidelines in laws and regulations for the management of transport within the Land Force. The dissertation does not present studies related to the measurement of the costs involved in the management of the transportation service. SWOT Matrix, 5W2H, Post-Action Analysis (APA), Cause and Effect Diagram, interviews with managers, documentary analysis and the PDCA cycle in the transport management processes were used as research instruments.