近年來，企業資源規劃系統（Enterprise Resource Planning system, ERP）已經普遍成為中、大型企業整合企業內部各功能單位與企業資源最受歡迎的工具，中小企業在資金允許情況下也會倒入ERP協助企業管理，然而ERP的導入雖帶來許多企業效益，但也常常伴隨著組織變革、員工抗拒和企業流程衝突等問題與挑戰。 對於資源不足、大多數缺乏專業資訊人員的中小企業來說，ERP的導入更是一大挑戰，中小企業組織不若大企業嚴謹，在營運流程上也不見得有一定規範，因此導入ERP系統時，往往需要從現有流程的檢視開始，故本研究探討企業流程再造在中小企業導入ERP系統的過程中扮演的角色及效益，希冀給予未來有意導入或升級ERP系統的中小企業、協助中小企業導入ERP系統的顧問建議。 本研究以個案研究方式為主，選擇電子零組件組裝業中的台灣製造商為個案公司，經由訪談顧問公司主管及個案公司專案負責人，瞭解個案公司ERP系統導入的原因、導入過程的困難與挑戰以及過程中組織、流程的改變。 本研究主要的研究議題如下： 一、從文獻及案例中，蒐集實證資料驗證ERP系統的導入過程有助進行企業流程再造 二、透過個案公司訪談，蒐集實證資料驗證ERP系統有助於企業成長 三、ERP系統商產品選擇及導入流程對於ERP實施成效的影響 / Enterprise Resource Planning system, ERP, has become the most popular system to integrate information between function units in large and medium-sizes enterprises recently. In order to help management, small and medium enterprises may implement ERP when its business is adequately financed. Though enterprises can gain benefits from implementation of ERP, it still comes along with organization change, employee resistance and conflicts of business processes. The implementation of ERP may be a big challenge to small and medium enterprises for those who lack of resources or IT expertise. The structure of small and medium enterprises is not as organized as large enterprises, and even do not have a clear standard operation procedure. Therefore, an inspection of current process is needed in the beginning of ERP implementation. This study focuses on the role that implementation of ERP take and the benefits that small and medium enterprises gain from it, hoping to give advises to those who want to implement or upgrade its ERP system and ERP consultants. It is a case study on Electronic Assembly Company in Taiwan, focusing on the reason of ERP implementation, processes, organization changes and challenges in the implementation of ERP. The main findings are below: 1. Collating data to prove that the implementation of ERP will help to conduct Business Process Reengineering 2. The implementation of ERP will help business growth 3. The process of ERP implementation will influence the effectiveness of ERP

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隨著資訊策略的轉換，資訊科技在企業中往往有著不同的定位，加上環境與科技的改變，因而衍生出資訊系統轉型的問題。從流程再造的角度，企業在進行資訊系統轉型的規劃時，若不考慮將流程作重新審視，而只是作一般的技術轉換，如此轉型後的資訊系統，或許符合科技的潮流，卻可能無法回應環境變化所帶來的衝擊，亦難以滿足企業真正的需求。 本研究將以流程再造導向，輔以流程分析工具，探討現行系統的作業問題，配合理論的觀點，以及實務的作法，進行衡量項目的設定，作為評估的參考，同時確立在流程改善時，需依循的規範與原則，以尋求可行且具體的改進方針，從而規劃出未來資訊系統的作業流程和處理程序，並進一步地審視比較資訊系統轉型後，各方面可以預見的成效。

Around 2.5 million utility works (street works) occurred in England in 2016 with a construction cost of approximately £2 billion. Comparative figures for highway works (road works) are not readily available, but are expected to be similarly significant. Unsurprisingly, the volume of road works and street works (RWSW) activity in urban areas is considered to have a negative impact on the road network causing disruption and premature deterioration, blighting the street scene, damaging local business trade, and significantly increasing social, economic and environmental costs. Indeed the social costs of street works alone are estimated to be around £5.1 billion annually. Despite the economic significance of highway infrastructure, the subject of road works and street works management is under-researched, with greater research emphasis on technology-based, as opposed to policy-based management approaches. Consequently, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of managing the business process of RWSW. Due to limited academic literature in the subject domain, earlier research focused on identifying the industry actors, their motivations, as well as drivers and barriers to RWSW management. Semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders highlighted the industry s complexity and revealed that several issues contributed to ineffective RWSW management. Principal problems included Street Authorities (SA) failing to take enough ownership of the RWSW coordination process, highway legislation not encouraging joint working due to inherent challenges arising from reinstatement guarantees, and entrenched attitudes and adversarial practices in the construction industry encouraging silo working. The Derby Permit Scheme (legislative tool) was intended to improve RWSW management through giving SAs greater control of highway works. Accordingly, RWSW activity was tested through a statistical time series intervention analysis to separately examine the impacts of the Highway Authority (HA) led works and utility industry led works over 6.5 years. The Permit Scheme was found to reduce utility works durations by around 5.4%; equivalent to 727 days, saving between £2.1 - £7.4 million in construction and societal costs annually. Conversely, the Permit Scheme did not noticeable reduce the HA led works. Instead, the introduction of a works order management system (WOMS) to automate some of the back office road works process was found to reduce works durations by 34%; equivalent to 6519 days and saving between £8.3 - £48.3m per annum. This case study highlighted that more considered practices were required by the HA to reduce RWSW. The stakeholder study and the automated WOMS technology found that well-managed business processes tended to lead to better executed highway works on-site. Informed by these experiences, the sponsor was keen to re-engineer its internal business processes. Business process mapping was adopted to identify inefficient practices and improved coordinated working opportunities on three key internal teams involved in the road works process. Findings revealed that silo working was inherent and that processes were built around fragmented and outdated Information Technology (IT) systems, creating inefficiencies. A subsequent validation exercise found that certain practices, such as restricted data access and hierarchal management styles were culturally embedded and also common across other local authorities. Peer reviewed recommendations to improve working practices were made, such as adopting an integrated Highways Management IT system, vertical integration between the customer relationship management IT system and the Highways IT systems, and the provision of regulatory training. In conclusion, based on the finding of this study, a generic logic map was created with potential to transfer the learning to other local authorities and for their use when evaluating road works administrative processes.

O processo de desenvolvimento de produtos geralmente não tem sido considerado na implantação de sistemas ERP. No entanto, devido ao aumento da abrangência dos ERPs com a inclusão de novas funcionalidades, e devido à importância desses sistemas para a integração dos processos de negócio, muitas empresas passam a considerar a sua utilização para apoiar as atividades e gerenciar as informações de desenvolvimento de produtos. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise abrangente e detalhada da aplicabilidade de um sistema ERP no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos. Tal análise é subdividida em três fases. Inicialmente, é realizado um estudo exploratório da aplicabilidade do sistema ERP em um processo específico de desenvolvimento de produtos representado por um modelo de referência. Em seguida, é executado um estudo descritivo de uma aplicação piloto do ERP em um ambiente de desenvolvimento de produtos. Por fim, são realizado estudos de caso para caracterizar a utilização do ERP no desenvolvimento de produtos de três empresas. / Product development process has not been considered within ERP systems’ implementation projects. However, due to the widening of ERP systems scope, with the inclusion of new functionalities, and due to the actual importance of these systems to business process integration, many industries are considering applying ERP systems to support product development activities and to manage product development information. This research presents an extended and detailed analysis of the applicability of one ERP system in product development process. The analysis is divided in three phases: first, an exploratory study is conducted in order to verify the applicability of the ERP system in a specific product development process represented by a reference model. Second, a descriptive study of a pilot application of the ERP system in a product development environment is presented; and finally, three case studies about the use of the ERP system in product development process are discussed.

Utvecklingen inom IT-området har under de senaste åren varit explosionsartad. Allt fler branscher har börjat att leta efter nya sätt att tillämpa de olika framsteg som skett inom området Detta arbete behandlar en kombinerad litteraturstudie och intervjuundersökning kring objektorientering och Business Process Reengineering. Problemställningen för detta arbete har varit: - På vilka sätt kan objektorientering tillämpas för att utveckla de synsätt och de metoder som används inom Business Process Reengineering Syftet med arbetet var att hitta ett antal generella tillämpningsområden utifrån problemställningen, samt att hitta ett antal fördelar, som dessa generella tillämpningar skulle kunna medföra. Resultatet av detta arbete visar att det finns områden inom Business Process Reengineering, där en objektorienterad tillämpning skulle kunna medför stora fördelar. Som exempel på detta kan nämnas förbättrade möjligheter att skapa och anpassa de informationssystem som skall stötta verksamhetsprocesserna. Även möjligheterna att skapa dynamiska metoder, där varje metodsteg utgörs av färdiga moduler som sedan kombineras, bör nämnas som en fördel.

The main objective of this thesis is to map some of the business process management, business process reengineering methodologies and compare it according to several criteria. Part of this thesis is survey of the state of business process management in Czech Republic and Hungary.

The goal of thesis is to find a solution of a problem in organization Colour Group s. r. o. This problém consists in repeated loss of knowledge and apply the solution to specific business venture. The solution is in clearly defined procedures of implemented processes and installation an elements of a knowledge management. The main tool of this solution will leveraging existing ICT options. Outputs of this thesis mainly consist mapping and graphical representation of the processes involved and the design of a new proces The methodology used in this thesis is mainly based on the methodology of reengineering by T. Davenport and is complemented by additional indicators like: calculation of declarative knowledge, which used the workers, and that the organization will lose if the process of reengineering not happen.

This thesis deals with business process management phenomena and its concept of business process reengineering in particular. Furthemore, the principles, chosen methods and critical success factors of business process reengineering implementation are discussed. This thesis also concerns itself with holistic conception of business process management which incorporates both hard factors (e.g. process modeling) and soft factors dealing with rather social aspects of any organizational change. All theoretical findings are applied in specific organization where the business processes are rethought.

The topic of this diploma thesis is Process innovation for a national branch of se-lected multinational IS/ICT company. The aim of the thesis is to improve corporate process based on the process analysis methodologies and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed change. The theoretical part is devoted to the basic terms such as process management, modeling and process improvement. The practical part is de-voted to the description of the original process, its analysis and proposed process improvement. The process is analyzed by DMAIC method in conjunction with model SIPOC. The proposed solution is to implement a system of interactive voice re-sponse, which has a positive effect on the productivity of the team during the pro-cess of providing credit limit. The remaining part of the thesis is devoted to evalua-tion of the effectiveness of the proposed change and the possibility of its implemen-tation also to other branches with similar business goals.