Os sistemas térmicos operam na maior parte do tempo fora de suas condições nominais de projeto. Nos sistemas de refrigeração industrial, a operação com carga térmica parcial ocorre em função de diversos fatores e o consumo de energia apresenta grande variação em função do ciclo de operação. Neste trabalho é proposta a otimização energética dos sistemas frigoríficos por compressão a vapor através da operação com regime variável para o ciclo frigorífico, especificamente através da operação com set-point de temperatura de evaporação variável. Para tanto é desenvolvido um modelo matemático para simulação dinâmica de um sistema de refrigeração industrial por compressão a vapor com refrigerante amônia (R-717) para o congelamento de alimentos composto basicamente de túnel de congelamento por circulação forçada de ar, evaporador com recirculação de líquido, reservatório de líquido a baixa pressão, compressores parafuso e condensador evaporativo atmosférico. São analisados através de simulação dois métodos para a variação do setpoint de temperatura de evaporação: a máxima temperatura de evaporação admissível e a minimização da potência no compressor. Os dois métodos são comparados ao sistema de controle de capacidade atualmente utilizado em instalações industriais. / Thermal systems operate most of the time at off-design conditions. In industrial refrigeration systems, the operation in partial loads occurs for many different reasons and the power consumption is a function of the refrigeration cycle pressures. This work proposes an energetic optimization of the compression refrigeration systems by the operation with a variable refrigeration cycle, specifically, by the operation with a variable suction temperature set-point. For this purpose it is developed a mathematical model for dynamic simulation of a industrial refrigeration compression system for food freezing with ammonia refrigerant (R717) formed by an air blast belt freezer, liquid overfeed evaporators, low pressure receiver, screw compressors and evaporative condenser. Two procedures for the suction temperature set-point variation are analyzed by simulation: the maximum suction temperature permitted and the compressor power consumption minimization. Both methods are compared with the capacity control system used in present industrial facilities.

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Service-oriented architectures (SOA), and in particular Web services, have quickly become a popular paradigm to develop distributed applications. Nowadays, more and more organizations shift their core business to the Web services platform within which various interactions between the autonomous services occur. One of the widely accepted standards in the Web services platform is Business Process Execution Lan- guage for Web Services (BPEL4WS, or BPEL for short). BPEL defines a language to integrate Web services by creating composite Web services in the form of business processes following the service orchestration paradigm, and it enables organizations to focus on core competence and mission-critical operations while outsource every- thing else to reduce costs and time to market. However BPEL is deficient in privacy issues. The facts are: (1) service requestors?? personal information is fundamental to enable business processes (e.g., the mortgage approval business process); (2) privacy concerns have become one of the most important issues in Information Technology and has received increasing at- tention from organizations, consumers and legislators; (3) most organizations have recognized that dealing correctly and honestly with customers?? privacy concerns can have beneficial returns for their businesses, not only in terms of being compliant with laws and regulations but also in terms of reputation and potential business op- portunities. If not addressed properly, privacy concerns may become an impediment to the widespread adoption of BPEL. Privacy issues have many aspects, the privacy concerns of potential service re- questor (i.e., client) and the privacy concerns of service provider (i.e., organization) are two of them. Service requestor specifies his/her privacy concerns as privacy preference, while service provider defines and publishes its privacy policy to specify its privacy promises. Before requestor accesses certain service, he/she likes to know whether the service provider will respect his/her privacy preference. Otherwise, the requestor may seek the desired service from somewhere else. On the other hand,even though most organizations publish their privacy promises, it will be more convincing if customers are assured that such privacy promises are actually kept within the organizations. In this thesis, we propose a privacy enforcement framework for business processes. In particular, we focus on those that are automated using BPEL. The framework consists of two parts. One focuses on the service requestors?? perspective of privacy, the other concentrates on the privacy concerns of the business process owner (i.e., the service provider). More specifically, the first part of the framework is based on description logic, and allows to represent privacy concepts and perform some rea- soning about these concepts. The reasoning engine will check requestor??s privacy preference against the service provider??s published privacy promises before the re- questor accesses the desired service. The second part of the framework facilitates the service provider to enforce its privacy policy within all its business processes throughout the life cycle of personal data. The privacy enforcement can be achieved step by step: privacy inspection, privacy verification and privacy obligation man- agement. The first step, privacy inspection, aims to identify which activity needs the involvement of what personal data. The second step, privacy verification, is to verify the correctness of designed BPEL business processes in terms of privacy. The third step is to enforce the privacy by managing the fulfillment of the obligation during the execution of business process. The privacy enforcement framework presented in the thesis has been implemented. The first part of the framework is implemented in the Privacy Match Engine prototype. For the second part of the framework, as different parts of the privacy policy need to be enforced at different stages of the life cycle of business processes, the implementation consists of a privacy verification tool and a privacy obligation management system.

1 v. (various pagings) ; / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (M.D.)--University of Adelaide, Faculty of Medicine, 1972

The question of the management of the transfer process and transfer pricing is an important one for managers and academics alike (Colbert and Spicer, 1995). Yet, in general, our current knowledge on several aspects of transfer pricing process is limited. One question which arises in relation to transfer pricing in service organizations is whether there is an association between the transfer price and the internal customer's perception of value emanating from the transaction. An inappropriate transfer pricing system can give rise to a number of adverse effects which can include among other things, maldistribution of economic resources, negative motivation for reducing costs (Lesser, 1987), lack of goal congruence and inequitable performance evaluation (Cravens and Shearon, 1997). The gap in the literature on transfer pricing in the service sector applies equally in the Australian setting. This is despite the significant and increasing contribution of the service sector to both GDP and employment. The objective of this research is to explore the domestic transfer pricing practices of service organisations in Australia with the emphasis placed on examining whether, in internal transactions, the domestic transfer price had any influence on the value perceived by the internal buyer. Because the extant transfer pricing theories cannot explain the value perceived by the internal customer in internal exchange of goods and services, an exploratory research methodology is adopted and no assumptions are made about the relationship. PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com 3 Data were gathered from survey responses from eighty service organisations and thirteen face-to-face interviews. Survey data were sought at two levels. Questions of a strategic nature were directed to corporate management while questions pertinent to transfer pricing and value were sought from the divisional management who are actually involved in such transfers. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that cost-based transfer pricing was the most preferred method, and in internal transactions, and responsiveness of the internal supplier was the key factor for internal buyers. The research found that service organisations are external customer oriented and internal customer issues are secondary. The research results also demonstrate that no significant association exists between transfer pricing and internal customer perceived value. The current research contributes to the transfer pricing literature by providing insights to locus of transfer pricing decisions, transfer pricing methods employed by service organizations in Australia, objectives of transfer pricing systems, conflicts arising during from the transfer pricing process and the role of transfer prices on the value perceived by internal customers. As a research topic, this study is pioneering as it integrates for the first time, the constructs of transfer price and value in internal transactions. Another unique feature of this research is that it was carried out in another important but under-researched context of service organisations.

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<p>Abstract</p><p>Title Cashews by SMS – an implementation in Mozambique</p><p>Problem</p><p>Innovation is described by Tidd, Bessant and Pavitt (2005) as the core</p><p>process within organisations associated with renewal and as generic</p><p>activity associated with survival and growth. Yet many organisations</p><p>fail to realise the benefits of adopting an innovation. Which the theory will show this is most likely due to a problem with one certain phase in the innovation process: the implementation.</p><p>Purpose</p><p>The purpose with this academic paper is by a practical example</p><p>illustrate the risks and problems one can come across in an</p><p>implementation and the consequences of this. We also intend to give</p><p>suggestion on how it is possible to restart an implementation process</p><p>when the process once has failed.</p><p>Research questions</p><p>Why has marketAlerts failed to be implemented in Mozambique?</p><p>How should IPEX resume the implementation of marketAlerts?</p><p>Methodology</p><p>Ethnographical approach.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Our conclusion is that the Institute for Export Promotion (IPEX) has</p><p>managed to adopt marketAlerts but has failed to implement it in their</p><p>daily work mainly due to the fact that they only completed the</p><p>acquiring phase. The failure is due to a combination of hierarchy, lack of interest and absents of routines for sending marketAlerts. In order for IPEX to make the best use of marketAlerts we believe that they have to go back and start from the executing phase and implement the service once again.</p>

<p>Proview is an open source system for process control, developed at SSAB Oxelösund. A wide range of IO systems are already supported by Proview. This thesis documents the implementation of support for the Profibus DP master board Hilscher CIF 50-PB.</p><p>Most of the features of the board are supported by the agent. The agent is intended to support up to four boards per system. Adding support for additional types of Profibus DP master boards from Hilscher to the agent should be straightforward.</p><p>This thesis covers some technical aspects of the Profibus DP technology and also provides some background of Proview’s IO system. The design decisions behind the Hilscher agent implementation will be discussed. All functions and data structures of the implementation are documented. Testing of the implementation is also included in the thesis.</p><p>The thesis may also be used as technical documentation for the agent implementation.</p><p>Finally, we look at the strengths and shortcomings of the completed agent implementation.</p>