Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor i allmänt upplever det svårt att smärtlindra patienter eftersom smärta är en subjektiv företeelse. Sjuksköterskor belyser att det råder en brist på kunskap och riktlinjer vid hantering av smärtlindring. Sjuksköterskor som möter patienter med drogberoende som befinner sig i smärta anser att det är stressfullt och komplicerat. Detta på grund av att sjuksköterskorna upplevde det vara förenat med inre konflikter och moraliska dilemman. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av vårdpersonalens bemötande när patienterna upplever smärta som samtidigt är beroende av droger Metod: En litteraturöversikt baserad på tio vårdvetenskapliga artiklar gjordes. Artiklarna har analyserats enligt Fribergs (2012) analysmetod där författarna sökte efter likheter och skillnader av ett fenomen som sedan skapade resultatets teman. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i två huvudteman. I det första temat: Hinder i vårdpersonalens bemötande uppkom det fem subteman. I dessa subteman beskrivs det om hur patienter upplever ett negativt bemötande ifrån vårdpersonalen. I det andra huvudtemat: Förutsättningar för bemötandet uppkom ett subtema. Det subtemat beskriver hur patienter med ett drogberoende upplever en god vårdrelation och hur den skapas. Diskussion: Författarna har diskuterat resultatets huvudfynd i förhållande till litteraturöversiktens bakgrund, författarnas synpunkter samt med Katie Erikssons caritativa teori som referensram. / Background: Nurses in general find it difficult to provide patients with pain relief because pain is a subjective phenomenon. Nurses emphasize that there is a lack of knowledge and guidelines for the handling of pain. Nurses who encounter drug dependent patients in pain find it to be stressful and complicated. The reason for this is that the nurses felt that it was fraught with their own inner conflicts and moral dilemmas. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe patient experiences of health care professionals treatment when the patient experiences pain and when they are at the same time addicted to drugs. Method: A literature review based on ten scientific articles was made. The articles was analysed with Fribergs (2012) method where the authors searched for similarities and differences out of a phenomenon that created the results themes. Results: The results of this litterature review are presented in two main themes. In the first main theme – Obstruct in the health care professionals treatment the authors could find five sub themes. These sub themes highlights how patients experience negative treatment from the health care professionals. In the second main theme: Preconditions in the treatment the authors could find one sub theme. This sub theme highlights how patients with drug addiction experience a caring relationship and how it can evolve. Discussion: The authors have discussed the results main findings in relation to the literature review background, the authors aspects and with Katie Erikssons “caritative” theory used as a theoretical framework

Britain's Asians are a young population and their socio-economic status is low, with racial disadvantage in housing, employment, education and health. Research on their health has usually not been conducted in its socio-economic and demographic context and there is little on their use of primary care. Three studies were conducted to investigate their relationship with primary care in Bradford. A study of general practice attenders of white/British, Pakistani and Indian origin confirmed the demographic and socio-economic differences between the groups. The former had higher rates of alcohol and cigarette consumption. For Pakistanis and Indians, fluency and literacy in English was poor. Ethnic and linguistic match between doctor and patient was more important in patients' choice of doctor than the doctor's sex. Differential employment status of Asian and white/British accounted for some of the differences in health. A study of general practice attendance showed similar rates of surgery consultations between Asians and Non-Asians; the latter made greater use of domiciliary services. Both these studies were conducted in an inner Bradford health centre with an Asian male, a white male and a white female doctor. Bradford GPs were found to perceive that Asian patients made greater use of surgery and domiciliary consultations; attended more often for trivial complaints; and had lower compliance rates than Non-Asians. These perceptions were not supported by objective data. Better qualified GPs had a smaller, and Asian doctors had a greater proportion of Asian patients on their lists. Research, and action on Asians' health, needs to take account of their poorer socio-economic status.

Britain's Asians are a young population and their socio-economic status is low, with racial disadvantage in housing, employment, education and health. Research on their health has usually not been conducted in its socio-economic and demographic context and there is little on their use of primary care. Three studies were conducted to investigate their relationship with primary care in Bradford. A study of general practice attenders of white/British, Pakistani and Indian origin confirmed the demographic and socio-economic differences between the groups. The former had higher rates of alcohol and cigarette consumption. For Pakistanis and Indians, fluency and literacy in English was poor. Ethnic and linguistic match between doctor and patient was more important in patients' choice of doctor than the doctor's sex. Differential employment status of Asian and white/British accounted for some of the differences in health. A study of general practice attendance showed similar rates of surgery consultations between Asians and Non-Asians; the latter made greater use of domiciliary services. Both these studies were conducted in an inner Bradford health centre with an Asian male, a white male and a white female doctor. Bradford GPs were found to perceive that Asian patients made greater use of surgery and domiciliary consultations; attended more often for trivial complaints; and had lower compliance rates than Non-Asians. These perceptions were not supported by objective data. Better qualified GPs had a smaller, and Asian doctors had a greater proportion of Asian patients on their lists. Research, and action on Asians' health, needs to take account of their poorer socio-economic status. / Yorkshire Regional and Bradford District Health Authority.