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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Decreased Hospitalizations for RSV Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample in the Palivizumab Era

Leahy, Ryan 26 September 2011 (has links)
No description available.
42

Inhibition of neutrophil inflammatory mediator expression by azithromycin andamoxicillin

Gibson, Monica Prasad 03 November 2016 (has links)
No description available.
43

Prognosis and Management of Patients who had Trauma Necessitating Orthopedic Surgeries

Chang, Yaping January 2018 (has links)
The current thesis aims to address the prognosis and management of patients who have injuries necessitating orthopaedic surgery. In Chapter 1 I introduce the thesis, and in Chapter 5 I offer conclusions and summarize the contribution of the work. In Chapter 5, I address the scope, rationale, key findings, limitations and implications. Chapter 2 is a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with open fracture of the extremities. The results demonstrate moderate quality evidence of an important reduction in the infection rate in patients receiving, versus not receiving, antibiotic prophylaxis. We found no difference in infection rate with longer (3 to 5 days) versus shorter (1 day) duration of antibiotics – this finding warrants only low confidence. Chapter 3 is a systematic survey of current practice and recommendations regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in open fracture management. Authors of publications over the last decade strongly support early systemic antibiotics prophylaxis for patients with open fractures of extremities. In practice, most used systemic antibiotics with both gram-positive and gram-negative coverage, and continued the administration for 2 to 3 days. Most recommendations suggested gram-positive coverage for less severe injuries, and administration duration of no more than 3 days (half suggested 1 day). For more severe injuries, most recommendations suggested broad antimicrobial coverage continued for 2 to 3 days. Chapter 4 is a longitudinal study investigating predictors of persistent post-surgical pain after tibia fracture. We found significant independent associations between resolution of pain and male sex, non-smoking and alcohol consumption. Age, obesity, type of fracture (closed versus open), additional injuries, and post-operative weight-bearing status did not predict resolution of pain. Our findings suggest that clinicians should be particularly alert to the possibility of troublesome post-operative pain in female smokers who do not drink alcohol. Clinicians may consider counselling patients to discontinue smoking, inform them that they are at nearly double the risk of incidence of troublesome post-operative pain (in addition to the long-term adverse health consequences of smoking). / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Antibiotic prophylaxis reduces infection with 10% fewer event rate than the group without antibiotic prophylaxis (low to moderate confidence in estimates). The optimal antibiotic regimens and duration remain uncertain. There is a higher risk of persistent post-surgical pain in female smokers who do not use alcohol, following tibia fractures.
44

Effects of an air-powder abrasive system on smooth titanium surface a pilot study : a theses submitted in partial fulfillment ... prosthodontics ... /

Han, Jung-Suk. January 1989 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1989.
45

Prophy-jet effect on surface roughness and plaque accumulation on restorative materials : presented to the faculty of the Horace A. Rackham School ... dental materials and restorative (operative) dentistry /

Stoffers, Kenneth W. January 1986 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.
46

Antimicrobial prophylaxis of bacteraemia in oral surgery pharmacological, toxicological and microbiological aspects /

Josefsson, Kenneth. January 1985 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Karolinska Institutet, 1985. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.
47

Exploring the Impact of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Related to Sexual Behavior in College Men

Poe, Dalton J 01 January 2020 (has links)
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective tool for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in sexually active at-risk individuals such as men who have sex with men (MSM). The purpose of this study is to examine factors associated with intent to engage in risky sexual behavior among HIV-negative college aged (18-24) MSM who are currently adherent to PrEP or who have expressed interest in the future adoption of PrEP. A multiracial/ethnic sample of 31 men expressing interest in the adoption of PrEP and 6 men currently taking PrEP completed a quantitative survey identifying key themes regarding attitudes towards PrEP and potential behaviors associated with adherence. Themes associated with current adherence to PrEP included protection from HIV infection, the opportunity to engage in sexual activities with a non-condom HIV prevention method, and perceived protection from sexually transmitted infections. Themes associated with potential adoption of PrEP included protection from HIV infection, opportunity to engage in sexual activity with known HIV-positive partners, opportunity to engage in sexual activities with a non-condom HIV prevention method, and perceived protection from sexually transmitted infections. Review found that decreased condom use and increased sexual partners are key themes related to initiation of PrEP, and a decrease in frequency of condom use was indicated among the adherent sample. Other key themes identified include barriers to PrEP implementation and misinformation regarding sexually transmitted infections among the population.
48

Estudo do efeito da saliva e do flúor, in situ, na recuperação da superfície do esmalte dentário desmineralizado submetido à profilaxia com jato de bicabornato de sódio / Study of the effect of the saliva and fluoride in situ in the superficial recovery after the application of the sodium bicarbonate jet on demineralized tooth enamel

Peter, Érika Arrais 01 December 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o possível efeito da saliva in situ, associada ou não ao flúor, sobre a recuperação da estrutura dentária do esmalte desmineralizado, que recebeu profilaxia utilizando jato de bicarbonato de sódio. Para isso, foram utilizados 40 blocos de esmalte de dente bovino de 4x4 mm, os quais foram submetidos a um processo de desmineralização in vitro para a formação de lesões artificiais de cárie. Sobre a superfície destes blocos, foi aplicado o jato de bicarbonato de sódio, simulando a realização de uma profilaxia profissional. Após essa etapa, os blocos foram divididos em dois grupos (GI e GII) e montados em dispositivos intra-bucais, os quais foram utilizados por 10 voluntários, durante dois períodos experimentais de quatro horas. Os blocos do GI foram expostos diretamente à saliva in situ, enquanto os do GII, foram expostos à saliva associada ao flúor sob forma de bochecho com solução de NaF a 0,2%, durante o minuto inicial. No primeiro período experimental, metade dos voluntários fez parte do GI e a outra metade do GII, havendo uma inversão dos grupos no segundo período. As possíveis alterações ocorridas na superfície do esmalte após as etapas do experimento, foram avaliadas através de testes de microdureza Knoop (25g/5s) e da quantificação do desgaste com o auxílio de um rugosímetro. Para a comparação dos valores de microdureza e de desgaste entre os grupos, e entre as etapas de cada grupo, foi aplicada a Análise de Variância a dois Critérios (ANOVA) e o teste de Tukey, adotando-se um nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Os resultados do teste de microdureza mostraram uma diminuição, estatisticamente significante, nos valores de microdureza superficial do esmalte após a etapa de desmineralização (183,7KHN), quando comparada à microdureza superficial inicial (342KHN). Em seguida, após a simulação da profilaxia, houve um aumento significante da microdureza (337,3KHN), não havendo diferença estatisticamente significante entre o valor inicial. Quanto ao desgaste, a simulação da profilaxia promoveu um desgaste no esmalte desmineralizado da ordem de 0,709µm. Após a etapa de remineralização, o valor da microdureza diminuiu um pouco em relação ao valor inicial (303,7KHN), embora tenha sido próximo ao mesmo. Em relação ao valor do desgaste, foi observada uma diminuição estatisticamente significante (0,476 µm), o que representa uma diminuição de quase um terço do valor inicial. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os resultados dos grupos I e II em todas as etapas do experimento. De acordo com as condições e com a metodologia adotadas na presente pesquisa, foi possível concluir que após 4 horas de remineralização in situ houve recuperação de parte da estrutura dentária perdida devido à aplicação do jato de bicarbonato de sódio sobre o esmalte desmineralizado, apesar de a realização de um bochecho adicional com solução fluoretada não ter promovido aumento no ganho mineral em relação à ação somente da saliva. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of saliva in situ, in the recovery of the superficial structure of the demineralized tooth enamel in which a sodium bicarbonate jet was applied. The effect of an additional mouthrinsing with a NaF solution was also evaluated. A total of 40 specimens of bovine enamel (4x4 mm) were processed in vitro to obtain artificial caries lesions were utilized for this study. A jet of sodium bicarbonate was applied on the surface of the specimens simulating a prophylaxis procedure. The specimens were divided in two groups(GI and GII). They were mounted in an intra-oral model used by 10 volunteers for two fourhour experiments. During the first four-hour experiment, the specimens of GI were directly exposed to saliva in situ. Those of GII were exposed to one minute mouthrinsing with 0.2% NaF. In the second four-hour experiment, the volunteers were crossed-over to the opposite experimental treatment group. The changes on the enamel surface were analyzed by the superficial microhardness test (Knoop, 25g/5s) and perfilometry, using a rugosimeter to determine the superficial dental wear. In order to compare the degree of microhardness and wear, among groups in the different experimental phases, the ANOVA and the Tukey test were used with an acceptable significance of 5% (p<0.05). The microhardness test showed a significant decrease of the initial value from 342 KHN to 183.7KHN after the demineralization phase. In the prophylaxis simulation, the microhardness value increased to 337 KHN, while a 0.709 µm wear was detected. After the remineralization procedure, there was a mild decrease on the degree of superficial microhardness to 303.7 KHN. Considering the superficial wear, it was detected a significant decrease (0.476 µm) comparing to the value found after the prophylaxis. There were no statistical differences between GI and GII in all phases of the experiment. After a four-hour period of an in situ remineralization, we concluded that it is possible to have a partial recovery of the dental structure, initially lost due to the use of sodium bicarbonate on the demineralized enamel. The performance of an additional mouthrinsing with fluoridate solution did not lead to an increase in the mineral gain.
49

Perspectiva dialógica no processo de educação em saúde veterinária

Manzi, Marcela de Pinho. January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Helio Langoni / Resumo: A medicina veterinária, além de atuar diretamente na sanidade animal, age também na saúde humana, por meio de atividades de inspeção sanitária de alimentos, vigilância epidemiológica, sanitária e ambiental, atividades de orientação e educação em saúde no que diz respeito à saúde pública e zoonoses. Dentre as diversas zoonoses, algumas são mais frequentes em pequenas propriedades rurais de bovinocultura leiteira, devido às condições ambientais e de manejo favoráveis aos agentes etiológicos e vetores, além do acesso limitado à informação técnica acerca da medicina veterinária preventiva. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos analisar a realidade local de propriedades rurais bem como os métodos de educação em saúde (tradicional e dialógico), bem como propor uma nova perspectiva na educação em saúde veterinária. Foram envolvidas 37 pequenas propriedades rurais no interior do estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de aplicação de questionário, observação e prática de atividades de educação em saúde, no modelo dialógico. Primeiramente, observou-se grande distanciamento dos produtores frente ao médico veterinário, relacionando a imagem do profissional à fiscalização, acarretando em baixa adesão. O questionário indicou perfil de baixa produção, baixa tecnificação e baixa especialização, bem como deficiência com relação as medidas preventivas contra doenças zoonóticas. Quanto às atividades educativas, não houve adesão nas práticas tradicionais. No entanto as atividades ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Veterinary Medicine acts directly on the animal health and also on human health through activities of sanitary inspection of food, epidemiological surveillance, health and environmental measures of guidance and education in public health concerns and zoonoses. Among various zoonoses some are more frequently observed in small properties of dairy farming, due to favorable environmental and handling conditions for agents etiological and vectors as well as limited access to information. The lack of knowledge about these diseases by the rural population, where technical information is more scarce or deficient, alert to the need for accessibility to this technical knowledge addressed in a diversified, respectful and effective way. This work has an objective aims to analyze the local reality of rural properties as well as the methods of health education (traditional and dialogical), as well as propose a new perspective in veterinary health education. Small farms were used in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The data were obtained by means of a questionnaire, observation, and practice of health education activities, in both methods of health education afore mentioned. Firstly, there was a great distance from the producers in relation to the veterinarian, relating the image of the professional to the inspection, resulting in low adherence. The questionnaire indicated a low production, technification and specialization profile, as little attention well as low rates of preventive... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor
50

Efeito de diferentes métodos de higienização sobre a rugosidade superficial de materiais restauradores CAD/CAM /

Castro, Camila Lebre de January 2019 (has links)
Orientador: Edson Alves de Campos / Resumo: A cerâmica é uma opção que preenche as exigências estéticas, biológicas, mecânicas e funcionais de um material restaurador. O sistema CAD/CAM empregado na Odontologia permite confeccionar restaurações indiretas, em um curto período de tempo, cimentá-las na mesma sessão clínica, sem a intermediação do laboratório de prótese. Qualquer material restaurador está sujeito a desgastes por ação da mastigação e a escovação diária. Protocolos de higienização profissional devem ser estabelecidos de maneira a não afetarem a rugosidade superficial das restaurações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a rugosidade superficial (Ra) de materiais restauradores CAD/CAM após diferentes métodos de higienização. Trata-se de um estudo in vitro que utilizou espécimes (n=144) dos seguintes materiais: Cerâmica Feldspática (Cerec Blocs, Dentsply Sirona); Cerâmica Feldspática reforçada por Leucita (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent); Cerâmica Di-silicato de lítio (IPS e-max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) e Compósito nano híbrido (Grandio Blocs, Voco), sendo que dois materiais, Cerâmica Feldspática e Cerâmica Feldspática reforçada por Leucita foram avaliados com e sem glaze. Os espécimes foram submetidos a três diferentes métodos de higienização (escovação simulada; jato de bicarbonato de sódio e profilaxia com taça de borracha e pasta profilática). A rugosidade superficial foi mensurada antes e após os diferentes métodos de higienização por meio do rugosímetro de contato. A análise de variância foi feita para ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Dental ceramic has been a restorative material option that may provide the aesthetic, biological, mechanical and functional requirements. CAD/CAM (computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing) system used in Dentistry allows to perform indirect restorations in a short period of time and proceed the cementation in the same clinical session without the intermediation of prosthesis laboratory. However, any restorative material can wear due to chewing and daily toothbrushing action. Thus, hygiene protocols should be stated in order to not affect the surface roughness of restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness (Ra) of CAD/CAM restorative materials after different hygiene protocols. This in vitro study used the following materials (n=144): Feldspathic ceramic (Cerec Blocs, Dentsply Sirona); Leucite-reinforced feldspathic ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent); Lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e-max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) and Nanohybrid resin-based composite (Grandio Blocs, Voco). For Feldspathic ceramic and Leucite-reinforced feldspathic ceramic it was performed the evaluations with and without glaze. The samples were submitted to three different hygiene protocols (simulated brushing, sodium bicarbonate jet and prophylaxis with rubber cup and prophylactic paste). Surface roughness was measured before and after the hygiene protocols by a contact rugosimeter. ANOVA test was applied to evaluate the initial roughness among materials, followed by Games... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

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