Syftet med denna fallstudie är att undersöka och bidra med ökad förståelse hur medarbetare uppfattar medbestämmande i förändringsprocsser i en offentlig verksamhet.  Frågeställningar: Hur uppfattas medbestämmande av medarbetarna? Hur påverkas medarbetarnas medbestämmande i förändringsprocesser? Slutsats: Medarbetarnas påverkan, delaktighet och involvering i förändringsprocessen har stor betydelse för framtida förändringar i den offentliga verksamheten. Det skulle generera till bättre effektivitet i verksamheten och till mer engagerade och nöjda medarbetare.

MPM / Oliver Tambo Institute of Governance and Policy Studies

MPM / Oliver Tambo Institute of Governance and Policy Studies

This qualitative case study focused on transparent public procurement. In the first three parts, the entire procurement process as well as the economic, legal and public policy definition were described through document analysis and secondary data analysis. The issue of the transparent behavior of the contracting authorities and the publication of relevant information was assessed more in detail. This fullfill the first secondary goal of the thesis - to describe the entire tender process and describe the transparent behavior associated with public procurement. The fourth part focuses on secondary analysis of data on the theoretical anchoring of the phenomenon. In the fifth part, the research analyzes the behavior of 12 selected public contracting authorities and tenderers using the mentioned qualitative methods. The answers of respondents are compared using tables and diagrams as well as the theoretical background. This was the second part of the thesis - to bring together the opinions and experience of the contracting authorities and tenderers and to compare them with the theoretical background. The benefit of the work is the development of a possible proposal how to improve the current situation in the area of contract transparency, thus fulfillment of the third secondary partial goal of the...

Background: The public sector like all other sectors of the economy has been influenced by digitalization. Governments and policy makers are forced to rethink their operational models and business logics. Digitalization offers organizations new ways of creating, delivering and capturing values at the same time new relationships are ensured. However, to leverage these opportunities and to avoid being stagnant, organizations need to rethink their strategies and adapt their operations to suit the digital technologies. Purpose: This paper aims to understand the digitalization impact on the public organizations’ business models and managing the impact. The identified limited empirics in this context informed the purpose of this study. Design/methodology/approach: This study was designed as exploratory with a case study carried out. In total four semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives of a municipality. A combined data and concept driven strategies were used to analyse the data collected to identify how digitalization impact the way the municipality create, deliver and capture value and subsequently how they innovate their business model to adopt to digitalization Findings: The findings revealed that digitalization is relevant to the municipality and impacts the majority of the business model components of the municipality. Thus, it was identified the municipality engaged in business model innovation to be able to adapt. The strategic agility meta-capabilities appeared to be relevant in managing the changes to the business model components.

A large generation shift is coming, where the precious generation, so called “Baby Boomers” which are born between 1946 and 1964 will be replaced in the labor market by the new generation, also known as “Generation Y” which refers to individuals born between 1980 and 1999. This generation shift has brought about that the public sector as an employer faces a challenging recruitment need, where new potential employees need to be recruited to replace the previous generation (Baby Boomers). One problem with this fact is that the previous generation (Baby Boomers), and the “Generation Y” may differ considerably in terms of conditions, expectations, needs and goals that may be associated with a potential workplace. This has brought about that the potential employers in the public sector must appear as attractive employers in order to fulfill the recruitment needs of potential future employees that will arise and be attracted to the public sectors activities. There are different ways for an employer to achieve this, for instance by potential employers appropriately utilizing their (employer brand) which can work to attract potential employees in the future. In this report, that is based on a qualitative study in which 10 individuals (belonging to Generation Y) with ongoing/completed university education were interviewed regarding their perspective of the public sector as a potential employer. The respondents have an educational background with the main areas HR and logistics, where these are distributed among 5 within HR and 5 in logistics. The purpose has been to capture individuals (within Generation Y) views of the public sector and to understand their experiences/aspects on the public sector as a future employer.

Audit delay refers to the time from the end of the country or company’s financial year to the date of the audit report. The chances of delay of audit in the public sector are pervasive and as such the expectations of users of these audit reports may differ which could result in the quality and reliability of these audits within this sector to be questioned. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to explore the external and internal factors that cause audit delay and the aftermath they have on public sector audit quality. As for this study, its original value correlates with the espousal of the institutional theory from the perspective of public sector auditing. Considering the aim of this study, a qualitative research was preferred with the objective of gathering in-depth and enriched empirical data; hence, semi structured interviews were conducted with ten auditors of the top and middle management of the Supreme Audit Institution (SAI) of Liberia – General Auditing Commission. There are varying views regarding the findings of this study as the respondents disclose that the external factors that result to audit delays are caused by either the audited entity or other external parties and not the SAI; however, it is the responsibility of the SAI to work with the entity involved to ensure those factors do not impede the audit process to the extent it cannot be completed; whereas, internal factors which includes inadequate staff training, delay in the review and approval of the draft audit report by top management to the poor performance of auditors as a result of lack of knowledge and etcetera cause audit delays as well and the SAI is solely responsible for ensuring that they are resolved or lessened so as not to affect the timeliness of the reporting process. The study mentions several limitations. One of them is the lack of observation being conducted which would have provided first-hand information on factors that cause the delay of audits in the public sector.

This study addresses in an exploratory fashion the following questions. 1. Would non-monetary performance measures grouped into a statement of public efforts and accomplishments significantly reduce the uncertainty of decision makers concerning past entity performance? 2. Would knowledge of such data alter their resultant budgetary decisions?

Actualmente la economía del Perú está estrechamente vinculada con el sector construcción, existen diversos factores por qué este sector no ha crecido, específicamente en el sector público. Durante el 2018 el estado peruano contó con más de 49 (cuarenta y nueve) mil millones de soles programados para ejecución de Obras (Según Consulta Amigable del Portal del Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas), sin embargo, solo se han gastado treinta y dos mil millones de soles en inversiones de obras lo que hace que existe diversos factores que influyen que este dinero programado no se pueda gastar. De estos cuarenta y nueve mil millones de soles en proyectos para ejecución están incluidos la construcción de obras por administración directa el cual por los problemas que existe en el sector construcción siendo el desconocimiento acerca de la ejecución de obras por administración directa hace que este monto programado no supere 65% de ejecución presupuestaria. El sector Educación durante el año 2018 ha contado con más de 1,500 millones de soles en gastos programados para la ejecución del año fiscal 2018, siendo ejecutados alrededor de un 71% lo que significa que no existe éxito en la ejecución de gasto presupuestal en este sector, La UNDAC para el 2018 ha programado más de 18 millones de soles en ejecución de obras por administración directa e indirecta ejecutando solo un 27.7% lo que significa un bajo nivel de gasto presupuestal y un problema para solucionar esta brecha. Este trabajo de investigación desarrollará una propuesta de directiva para ejecución de obra por la modalidad de administración directa ya que la UNDAC no cuenta a la fecha con una directiva eficaz para esta modalidad de ejecución de obras. En el capítulo I de este Proyecto de Investigación se planteará el problema de investigación evidenciando los objetivos y la justificación de nuestro trabajo de investigación. En el Capítulo II presentaremos el marco teórico en relación a la ejecución de obras por la modalidad de administración directa, indicando los antecedentes, palabras claves, definición de conceptos básicos y la hipótesis de nuestro trabajo de investigación. En el Capítulo III presentaremos la metodología de investigación indicando el tipo, diseño y metodología de investigación como también el procesamiento y análisis de datos de los proyectos evaluados y de la directiva planteada. En el Capítulo IV explicaremos todos los resultados que emanan de nuestro trabajo de investigación en base a índices, montos, y acciones que resulta de la implementación de la directiva y por último se discutirá en el Capítulo V las conclusiones y recomendaciones que derivan de la investigación. / Currently the economy of Peru is closely linked to the construction sector, there are currently several factors why this sector has not grown specifically in the public sector. During 2018, the state had more than 49 billion soles scheduled for the execution of Works (According to the Friendly Consultation of the Portal of the Ministry of Economy and Finance), however, only 32 billion soles have been spent on construction investments. which causes that there are several factors that influence that this programmed money cannot be spent. Of these 49 million in Projects for execution, the construction of works by Direct administration is included which, due to the problems that exist in the construction sector, the lack of knowledge about the execution of works by direct administration means that this programmed amount does not exceed 65% of Budget Execution. The Education sector during 2018 has had more than one thousand five hundred million soles in expenses planned for the execution of fiscal year 2018, being executed around 71% which means that there is no success in the execution of budget expenditure in this sector, UNDAC for 2018 has programmed more than 18 million soles in execution of works by direct and indirect administration, executing only 27.7%, which means a low level of budgetary expenditure. This research work will develop a proposal for a directive for the execution of work by the direct administration modality since UNDAC does not have an effective directive for this type of execution of works. In Chapter I of this Research Project, the research problem will be presented, evidencing the objectives and justification of our research work. In Chapter II we will present the theoretical framework in relation to the execution of works by the direct administration modality, indicating the background, keywords, definition of basic concepts and the hypothesis of our research work. In Chapter III we will present the research methodology indicating the type, design and research methodology as well as the data processing and analysis of the projects evaluated and the proposed directive. In Chapter IV we will explain all the results emanating from our research work based on indices, amounts, and actions resulting from the implementation of the directive and Finally, the conclusions and recommendations derived from the investigation will be discussed in Chapter V. / Trabajo de investigación

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This study explored the perspectives of six public sector human resource professionals on social media policies and how it maintains the behavior of employees that engage on social media. The expansion of technology in the public sector allows personnel to build relationships with the people they serve and participate in public forums. As more legislators and professionals use social media for work and personal matters, they are more likely to face public humiliation and disciplinary punishment over uncivil behavior. This research shows the public sector institutions in the Indianapolis area have lenient social media policies. In addition, this research argues that work policies, i.e., social media, should be modernized and relevant for all cultures. This dissertation analyzes how social media policies are established and executed within local government organizations using a multi-method approach. The first phase of this study surveyed and interviewed human resources professionals. While social media issues are still relatively new, progressive disciplinary procedures are most likely to be implemented when an employee engages in uncivil behavior on social media. The Logic of Appropriateness as the framework for the content analysis of social media policies from eight local agencies explores how the organizations direct employee behavior. The analysis findings determine certain public sector institutions in the Indianapolis area have social media policies for legal protection but place ethical value on respect as an expectation for employee conduct. This study backs the development of transparent social media policies in public sector agencies, especially since there is a recurring shift in the generational and cultural background of public representatives.