The PWM (pulse-width-modulated) type voltage source converters (VSC) allow a precise speed control of induction motors with maximum achievable energy efficiency. However, the rapid growth of this technology has created quite a concern, as the PWM waveform produces complex transients that stress the motor insulation, to much severe levels, compared to the normal sinusoidal voltage waveforms. As a result, the machine may fail prematurely due to increased dielectric heating; high turn-to-turn stress caused by non-linear potential distributions; increased partial discharge (PD) activities due to overshoots in pulse waveforms; and built-up space charge by high frequency signals. The present work therefore addresses the problems associated with enamelled wires and groundwall insulation in motor stator coil working under PWM-VSC.

Induction motors are commonly used in numerous industrial applications. To maintain a reliable operation of the motor, it is important to identify the potential faults that may cause the motor to fail. Bearing failures are one of the main causes of motor breakdown. The causes of bearing damage have been studied in detail for a long time. In some cases, bearing failed due to the current passing through them. In this thesis, bearing currents in an inverter driven five-phase induction motor are studied and a new solution is proposed. First, theory of shaft voltage and bearing current are presented. The causes are identified and current solutions are discussed. Then, new switching patterns are proposed for the five-phase induction motor. The new schemes apply a modified algorithm for the space vector pulse-width-modulation (SVPWM). The system is simulated and the results of the new switching patterns are compared with the conventional switching pattern. Finally, the new schemes are experimentally tested using a digital signal processor (DSP) to drive the five-phase IGBT inverter. The experimental results verified that the new switching pattern could reduce shaft voltages and bearing current without affecting the performance.

This paper designs and implements a DSP-microprocessor based variable frequency motor drive. We control the induction motor with V/F scheme. This paper also analysis about Sine-PWM and Space-Vector-PWM. Compared with commonly used SPWM method, SVPWM has the advantages of higher voltage utilization, lower harmonic and lower switching loss. Also, it increases the efficiency of an inverter. To calculate duty cycle this paper support different update model, so symmetrical and asymmetrical PWM are generated. To analyse about spectra, and we can find the asymmetrical PWM restrain the harmonic.

<p>This report describes a thesis done at the Jönköping University of Technology. The aim of this thesis was to create conditions to optimize an existing automatic electrostatic coating system by changing the technology for dispensing lacquer. To select the technology, a study of different dispensing techniques carried out which concluded that the piezoelectric membrane and electrostatic atomization are the most interesting techniques.</p><p>In order to perform tests with dispensing techniques a demonstrator has been optimized. The controller and PC software of the demonstrator has been programmed to be able to send out PWM signals that control the dispensers. An adapter card was designed to control the piezoelectric membrane and a steering link to the electrostatic atomization has been developed for PWM signals up to 500V.</p><p>The work has laid ground for a demonstrator where further testing of the dispensing technologies can be performed.</p> / <p>Den här rapporten beskriver ett examensarbete utfört vid Jönköpings tekniska högskola. Målet med arbetet var att skapa förutsättningar för att optimera ett befintligt automatiskt elektrostatlackeringssystem genom att byta ut tekniken för dispensering av lack. För att välja teknik har en undersökning av olika dispenseringstekniker genomförts där man kommit fram till att piezoelektriska membran och elektrostatisk atomisering är de tekniker som är mest intressanta.</p><p>För att kunna utföra tester med dispenseringsteknikerna har en befintlig testutrustning (demonstrator) anpassats för ändamålet. Demonstratorns kontrollerkort och PC-program har programmerats om och anpassats för att kunna sända ut PWM-signaler som styr dispenseringen. Ett adapterkort har konstruerats för att kunna styra piezoelektriska membran och en styrkoppling till elektrostatisk atomisering har tagits fram för PWM-signaler upp till 500V.</p><p>Arbetet har lagt grunden till en demonstrator där vidare tester av dispenseringsteknikerna piezoelektriska membran och elektrostatisk atomisering kan utföras.</p>

Variable speed drive technology has advanced dramatically in the last 10 years with the advent of new power devices. In this study, a three phase induction motor drive using Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) at the inverter power stage is introduced to implement speed and position control for the revolving stage in the Frederic Wood Theatre This thesis presents a solution to control a 3-phase induction motor using the Texas Instruments (TI) Digital Signal Processor (DSP) TMS320F2407A. The use of this DSP yields enhanced operations, fewer system components, lower system cost and increased efficiency. The control algorithm is based on the constant volts-per-hertz principle because the exact speed control is not needed. Reflective object sensors which are mounted on concrete frame are used to detect accurate edge position of revolving stage. The sinusoidal voltage waveforms are generated by the DSP using the space vector modulation technique. In order to satisfy some operating conditions for safe and agreeable operation, a look-up table, which is used to give command voltage and speed signals in software, is applied to limit the maximum speed and acceleration of the revolving stage. Meanwhile, a boost voltage signal is added at the low frequency areas to make the motor produce maximum output torque when starting. A test prototype is then built to validate the performance. Several tests are implemented into the IGBT drive to explore the reason for unacceptable oscillations in IGBT’s gate control signals. Improvement methods in hardware layout are suggested for the final design.

With the desire for energy conservation and lower costs, the application of pulse-width modulated (PWM) voltage source converter (VSC) drives has grown at an exponential rate. However, due to their high switching frequency and high dv/dt, increased dielectric stresses and thermal stresses are applied to the insulation system of the motors, which may lead to the failure of the insulation. In order to test the performance of the motor insulation under the above complex stress conditions, an IGBT-based pulse voltage generator which can produce high voltage square wave and PWM waveforms has been successfully developed in this research. The generator consists of IGBT switches and other wave shaping components. The special cascade connection circuit design enables the generator to produce the stable high voltage square wave and PWM waveforms. A microcontroller-based trigger signal generator is used to trigger the power electronic switches in the generator. In order to avoid false triggering from electromagnetic interference (EMI), optical fibre cables are used to connect the trigger signal generator to the switches which are located in a high electric potential area. The generator can produce square wave and PWM waveforms with a peak voltage up to 15 kV and with a switching frequency of 600 Hz to 6 kHz. The fundamental frequency of the PWM waveform is 20 Hz to 1200 Hz, the rise time is less than 200 ns, and the pulse width can be varied up to several milliseconds. A 4 kVrms form wound model stator coil was tested under different voltage waveforms: power frequency, exponential decay pulse, square wave, and sinusoidal pulse-width modulated (SPWM) waveform. Infrared images and the maximum temperature rise of the coil under different electrical stresses were recorded. The results show that both the square and SPWM voltage waveforms cause a significantly higher temperature rise than the power frequency and exponential decay pulse voltage waveforms. Since the actual VSCs generate transients similar to those of the square and PWM voltage waveforms, it is recommended that the stator coil insulation be analyzed using PWM voltage waveforms in order to simulate actual conditions.

abstract: For the solid-state transformer (SST) application, a three-stage configuration consisting of a PWM rectifier based AC/DC stage, a dual active bridge (DAB) converter based DC/DC stage and a PWM inverter based DC/AC stage offers several advantages. For single-phase SST, the instantaneous input and load power seen by the DC/DC stage varies from zero to twice the load average power at double the line frequency. Traditionally, with phase-shift control, large DAB DC link capacitors are used to handle the instantaneous power variation of the load, with the DAB converter processing only the load average power resulting in better soft-switching range and consequently high efficiency. However, the large electrolytic capacitors required adversely affect the power density and the reliability of SST. In this thesis, a PWM control is used for the DAB converter in SST, which extends the ZVS range of DAB and allows the DAB converter to handle the pulsating power while maintaining/improving efficiency. The impact of the output capacitance of switches with PWM control is discussed for practical implementation. A 40kHz, 500W DAB converter is designed and built, and the experimental results proves that the DAB converter with PWM control in SST can achieve comparable efficiency while the DC link capacitors of SST can be reduced to a value that electrolytic capacitors are not required. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2012

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-05T18:23:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 yuricalillouresdeoliveira.pdf: 2613361 bytes, checksum: b14d216c9e91ffe085e35724d58bc704 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-07T15:42:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 yuricalillouresdeoliveira.pdf: 2613361 bytes, checksum: b14d216c9e91ffe085e35724d58bc704 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-07T15:42:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 yuricalillouresdeoliveira.pdf: 2613361 bytes, checksum: b14d216c9e91ffe085e35724d58bc704 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-12 / CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo de estratégias de alimentação de cargas hospitalares críticas utilizando conversores estáticos de energia. As cargas hospitalares escolhidas foram os equipamentos de raio x, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética, sendo comparadas as seguintes formas de integração à rede: (i) estrutura com um retificador trifásico conectado à rede e três inversores monofásicos conectados às cargas ou (ii) estrutura com três retificadores monofásicos conectados à rede e três inversores monofásicos conectados às cargas. Por questões de patente, houve dificuldade em se encontrar os circuitos de front-end das fontes de alimentação das cargas hospitalares. Logo, as mesmas foram construídas dentro do ambiente de simulação do software PSIM utilizando dados de medição obtidos na literatura. O controle dos retificadores trifásico e monofásico foi realizados utilizando duas malhas de controle em cascata, com a malha interna controlando a corrente consumida da rede e a malha externa regulando a tensão no barramento CC. Para os três inversores monofásicos de saída foram implementados os controles PI RES e PI SRF visando uma comparação quanto ao desempenho. Como forma de validar o modelo matemático do sistema e o algoritmo de controle, foram feitas simulações utilizando o software PSIM. A análise feita comprovou que os resultados de simulação se mostraram coerentes com a modelagem matemática do sistema. / This master thesis presents a study about feeding strategies of critical hospital loads through power static converters. The chosen hospital loads were the x ray equipment, the computed tomography and the magnetic resonance. The following forms of grid integration were compared: (i) structure with a three-phase rectifier connected to the network and three single-phase inverters connected to the loads or (ii) structure with three single-phase rectifiers connected to the network and three single-phase inverters connected to the loads. Due to patent issues, it was difficult to find the front-end circuits for power supplies of hospital loads. Therefore, the loads were implemented in PSIM software environment using measurement data obtained from literature. The control of three-phase and single-phase rectifiers was implemented using two cascaded control loops, with the inner loop controlling the current drawn from the network and the outer loop regulating the DC bus voltage. For the single-phase inverter, PI RES and PI SRF controls were implemented, targeting a comparison in terms of performance. In order to validate the mathematical model of the system and the control algorithm, simulations were performed using the PSIM software. The analysis showed that the simulation results were consistent with the mathematical modeling of the system.

Variable speed drive technology has advanced dramatically in the last 10 years with the advent of new power devices. In this study, a three phase induction motor drive using Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) at the inverter power stage is introduced to implement speed and position control for the revolving stage in the Frederic Wood Theatre This thesis presents a solution to control a 3-phase induction motor using the Texas Instruments (TI) Digital Signal Processor (DSP) TMS320F2407A. The use of this DSP yields enhanced operations, fewer system components, lower system cost and increased efficiency. The control algorithm is based on the constant volts-per-hertz principle because the exact speed control is not needed. Reflective object sensors which are mounted on concrete frame are used to detect accurate edge position of revolving stage. The sinusoidal voltage waveforms are generated by the DSP using the space vector modulation technique. In order to satisfy some operating conditions for safe and agreeable operation, a look-up table, which is used to give command voltage and speed signals in software, is applied to limit the maximum speed and acceleration of the revolving stage. Meanwhile, a boost voltage signal is added at the low frequency areas to make the motor produce maximum output torque when starting. A test prototype is then built to validate the performance. Several tests are implemented into the IGBT drive to explore the reason for unacceptable oscillations in IGBT’s gate control signals. Improvement methods in hardware layout are suggested for the final design. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of / Graduate

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